Opinion by
In this dеclaratory judgment action, plaintiff, Matt A. Dubois, appeals the district court's decision that Dubois must register as a sex offender pursuant to section 16-22-103(1)(a), C.R.8.2008. We affirm the district court's judgment.
I. Background
On October 24, 1991, pursuant to a stipulation for a two-year deferred judgment and sentence, Dubois pleaded guilty to a single cоunt of sexual assault on a child, section 18-3-405, C.R.S.2008. The parties agree that Dubois successfully completed the terms and conditions of the deferred judgment аnd sentence, and the court released him from probation.
On June 17, 1998, Dubois pleaded guilty to theft, a class four felony, and was sentenced to six years of probation. The court later terminated his probation and sentenced him to four years in the Department of Correec-tions. Dubois was parоled on December 9, 2004.
As terms and conditions of his parole, the Department of Corrections required Dubois to register as a sex offender. Since his disсharge from parole on March 283, 2007, Dubois has continued to register as a sex offender. Authorities informed Dubois that if he discontinues his registration, he will be prosecuted for failure to register.
Dubois then filed a motion for judgment declaring that section 16-22-1083(1)(a) does not require him to register as a sex offender. The court denied his motion without a hearing. This appeal followed.
II. Standard of Review
Statutory interpretation is a question of law we review de novo. People v. Rice,
III. Discussion
A. Registration Requirement
On aрpeal, Dubois expressly states he is not asserting an ex post facto argument regarding the application of the Colorado Sex Offender Rеgistration Act (Act). §§ 16-22-101 to -115, C.R.S8.2008. Rather, he contends that the General Assembly intended to exclude from sex offender registration any person who successfully completes the terms *588 of his or her deferred sentencing agreement. We disagree.
The Act requires all persons who commit an offense involving unlawful sexual behavior to register with local law enforcement authorities. § 16-22-1038. In enacting this legislation, the General Assembly sought to help communities protect themselves from the dangers posed by sex offenders by giving the public limited access to information about sex offenders. People in Interest of C.B.B.,
Section 16-22-1083(1)(a) of the Act provides that, effective July 1, 1998, "[alny person whо was convicted on or after July 1, 1991, in the state of Colorado, of an unlawful sexual offense, as defined in section 18-8-411(1), C.R.S. [2008]" shall be required to register as a sеx offender.
Section 16-22-102(8) of the Act defines "convicted," in part, as "having received a deferred judgment and sentence."
Dubois argues that a persоn who receives a deferred judgment and sentence is considered "convicted" only if he or she has not successfully completed the terms of his оr her deferred sentencing agreement. Dubois, in effect, seeks to overcome the plain language of the statute in favor of what he considеrs to be the legislative intent.
Dubois asks us to read additional terms into the plain language of the statute to exelude persons who, although they recеived a deferred judgment and sentence, successfully completed the terms prescribed by the court. We decline to do so for several reasons.
First, where the legislature could have restricted the application of a statute, but chose not to, we will not read additional restrictions intо the statute. City & County of Denver,
Second, we may not read additional terms into, or modify, the plain language of a statute, particularly when, as here, the Gеneral Assembly has defined a term within the statute in contradiction of the additional terms sought. Natl Farmers Union Prop. & Cas. Co. v. Estate of Mosher, 22 P.8d 581, 534 (Colo.App.2000). Hеre, the General Assembly defined "convicted," for purposes of the Act, to include "having received a deferred judgment and sentence." Therefore, we must apply that definition, and we may not modify its meaning. Swain,
Third, our plain reading of the phrase "having received a deferred judgment and sentencе" is consistent with its use elsewhere within the Act. For example, section 16-22-113 provides that after a defendant successfully completes the terms of a dеferred judgment and sentence for an offense involving unlawful sexual behavior, the defendant may petition the court for an order that discontinues the requirement for registration. If the General Assembly intended to exclude from registration persons who successfully completed a deferred judgment and sentеnce, the language in section 16-22-1183 allowing a defendant to request an order discontinuing the registration requirement following successful completion of a deferred judgment and sentence would be meaningless. When construing a statute, we reject constructions that would render words or phrases meaningless or superfluous. People v. Cross, 127 P.8d 71, T3 (Colo.2006); Mayo v. People,
*589 In this case, Dubois pleaded guilty to sexual assault on a child under section 18-8-405, as part of a plea disposition that included a two-year deferred judgment and sentence. Dubois' offense is one that requires registration under the Act. See § 16-22-108(1)(a) (requiring persons who commit offense listed in § 18-3-411(1) to register as a sex offender); § 18-3-411(1) (defining "unlawful sexual offense" to include "sexual assault on a child, as described in section 18-3-405"). Because Dubois received a deferred judgment and sentence for an offense for which the Act requires a defendant to register, we conclude that Dubois is required to register as a sex offender pursuant tо section 16-22-1083.
B. Procedural Due Process
Dubois contends for the first time on appeal that his rights to procedural due process under the United States Constitution were violated bеcause he did not receive either notice or a hearing before he was required to register as a sex offender.
Because this is a civil сase and Dubois did not present his procedural due process concerns to the trial court, we decline to address them here. See Estatе of Stevenson v. Hollywood Bar & Cafe, Inc.,
We do not address the applicability of seetion 16-22-113(1)(d), which may provide Du-bois with an opportunity to petition for removal from the registry.
Accordingly, the judgment of the district court is affirmed.