196 F. Supp. 2d 688 | N.D. Ill. | 2001
DRIVECON CORPORATION, Plaintiff,
v.
HOIST & CRANE SERVICE GROUP, etc., Defendant.
United States District Court, N.D. Illinois, Eastern Division.
*689 James Constantine Vlahakis, Hinshaw & Culbertson, Chicago, IL, for plaintiff.
David I. Herbst, Catherine Eleanor Lamsens, Butler, Rubin, Saltarelli & Boyd, Chicago, IL, for defendant.
MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER
SHADUR, Senior District Judge.
This major commercial dispute between Drivecon Corporation ("Drivecon") and Hoist & Crane Service Group, a Division of Plant Mechanical Services, Inc. ("Plant Mechanical"), has not yet left the starting blocks because of the ongoing skirmishes between the litigants over the location of the turf where their battle must ultimately be waged. Initially Plant Mechanical was unsuccessful in resisting Drivecon's Fed. R.Civ.P. ("Rule") 12(b)(2) motion to dismiss the action that had earlier been filed by Plant Mechanical in the United States District Court for the District of Louisiana. Now Plant Mechanical has in turn sought dismissal, on like lack-of-personal-jurisdiction grounds, of this action brought against it by Drivecon. For the reasons stated in this memorandum opinion and order, Plant Mechanical loses on the current motion as well.
It is hardly necessary to state the obvious: Cases dealing with the statutory and constitutional reach of such long arm statutes as the Illinois version (735 ILCS 5/2-209) range all over the lot. Over 15 years ago this Court attempted the near-impossible task of reconciling the Illinois caselaw on the subject in Club Assistance Program, Inc. v. Zukerman, 594 F. Supp. 341 (N.D.Ill.1984). And because Club Assistance was only an effort to carry out the Erie v. Tompkins mandate of mirroring state law in an area where the mirror was extraordinarily cloudy, it came as a total surprise when a few years later an Illinois Appellate Court chose to endorse the Club Assistance opinion as an accurate statement of one of the operative long-arm principles (Arthur Young & Co. v. Bremer, 197 Ill.App.3d 30, 36, 143 Ill. Dec. 736, 554 N.E.2d 671, 676 (1st Dist.1990)).[1] Be that as it may, the ensuing Illinois decisions have continued to send out almost hopelessly mixed signals.
*690 This Court has reviewed each party's current presentation with care, and there is no question that Plant Mechanical's position has much force: None of its people has ever set foot in Illinois, and its "contacts" with this state have uniformly been at a far remove from this jurisdiction in physical terms. But what emerges from the welter of detail about what Plant Mechanical has or has not done that could or could not support haling it into court here[2] is the fact that its activities outside the state clearly subject it to jurisdiction here under Illinois cases that are exemplified by Ruprecht Co. v. Sysco Food Servs. of Seattle, Inc., 309 Ill.App.3d 113, 121-22, 242 Ill. Dec. 910, 722 N.E.2d 694, 700-01 (1st Dist 1999).
As Ruprecht and like cases have held, an out-of-state purchaser that might otherwise claim insulation from the assertion of personal jurisdiction in Illinois under the principles stated in Giotis v. Apollo of the Ozarks, Inc., 800 F.2d 660, 666-67 (7th Cir.1986) cannot advance that position successfully where that purchaser has itself tailored and dictated the specifications for its purchases from the Illinois seller. Moreover, that proposition applies with special force where there has been an ongoing course of conduct of that type between the parties (in that respect see, e.g., G.M. Signs, Inc. v. Kirn Signs, Inc., 231 Ill.App.3d 339, 343-45, 172 Ill. Dec. 933, 596 N.E.2d 212, 215 (2nd Dist.1992)). Those lines of cases articulate the "active purchaser" v. "passive purchaser" dichotomy that Illinois courts have consistently set out as the predicate for exercising jurisdiction over purchasers in the "active" category a category into which Plant Mechanical falls.
There is no suggestion that the just-described Illinois doctrine overreaches the permitted scope of a long arm statute in due process terms. That being the case, the just-discussed Illinois caselaw controls, and Plant Mechanical's Rule 12(b)(2) motion to dismiss is denied. It is (at last) ordered to file its Answer to Drivecon's Complaint on or before November 9, 2001.
NOTES
[1] This should not be misunderstood as a protest against that outcome. For anyone such as this Court, who confesses to being unregenerate enough to view Swift v. Tyson, 41 U.S. 1, 16 Pet. 1, 10 L. Ed. 865 (1842) as sound and Erie v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S. Ct. 817, 82 L. Ed. 1188 (1938) as being out of sync with the Supremacy Clause as properly understood (see this Court's Dooley Distinguished Lecture in Law, reprinted as Are Federal Courts Necessary?, 18 Loy. U. Chi. L.J. 1, 8-13 (1986); and more globally, see the monumental tome by Professor William Winslow Crosskey, Politics and the Constitution in the History of the United States (1953)), the notion that federal courts should be entitled to voice the definitive views on matters of state common law (or perhaps even on the proper construction of state statutes) would not be revolutionary.
[2] In part Drivecon's submission has inappropriately recited its own activities here at its home base in Illinois (see, e.g., its Mem. 2), even while it correctly acknowledges at its Mem. 4 that "[o]nly the acts of defendant can be considered in determining whether business was transacted in Illinois."
