Dillard, a passenger in Langston’s taxicab, shot and killed him with a handgun. Dillard then drove the cab a short distance and abandoned it. He was convicted for the murder and armed robbery of Langston, for which he was sentenced to imprisonment for life, and twenty years.
1. The indictment charged malice murder and armed robbery. The trial court instructed the jury on malice murder, felony murder, armed robbery and criminal attempt. The jury returned a verdict of guilty of “murder and armed robbery.” The first term of the verdict must be construed as a determination of guilt as to felony murder, rather than malice murder.
1
Burke v. State,
2. It does not follow, however, that setting aside the armed robbery conviction vitiates the felony murder conviction, as the trial court instructed the jury as to the general definition of the offense of criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, and identified that offense as a felony. The armed robbery as charged in the indictment was not proved because there was no evidence that Langston had money in his cab or on his person, or that Dillard took any money. Armed robbery cannot, therefore, constitute the underlying felony which can sustain the conviction for felony murder. Notwithstanding *859 this determination, it is plain that the jury received evidence sufficient under the standard of Jackson v. Virginia, supra, to prove the felony of criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, which was established by Dillard’s admission that he attempted to take whatever money Langston might have had on his person or in his vehicle. In returning the guilty verdict on the armed robbery count, the jury necessarily found all the elements of criminal attempt to commit armed robbery.
*859
We have held repeatedly that it is not error for the trial court to charge the law relative to felony murder when the indictment alleges only malice murder.
Taylor v. State,
The obverse of that proposition is this: a felony which is an included offense of another felony which is charged in an indictment may constitute the underlying felony upon which conviction of felony murder may be grounded, given adequate proof and correct jury instructions. Correct jury instructions must identify the included offense as a felony, and must specify its essential elements, as well as the elements of felony murder.
There was a sufficiency of evidence to establish criminal attempt to commit armed robbery. The court properly instructed the jury. Accordingly, the conviction of murder is affirmed.
3. Dillard contends that his statement was coerced, in that the arresting officers forcibly withdrew him from the attic where he was hiding, then threatened and abused him. The trial court heard evidence on the issue of voluntariness during a Jackson-Denno hearing, including testimony that Dillard’s written statement was obtained under proper circumstances, and rejected his contentions. As these determinations are not shown to be clearly erroneous,
Cox v. State,
Judgment affirmed in part; reversed in part.
Notes
The principal issue raised in this appeal would have been clarified by a requirement that the jury specify whether the verdict of guilty of murder related to malice murder or felony murder.