32 N.J. Eq. 78 | New York Court of Chancery | 1880
Henry Dildine, late of Sussex county, by his will dated February 7th, 1874, after directing payment of his debts and funeral expenses, gave to his wife, in lieu of dower, the use for life of the house and lot which he occupied at the date of the will, and gave to her, as her sole property, all his household goods and furniture and the interest arising from his bank stock. He then gave to John S. Primrose, one-third of a farm in Pennsylvania, and the rest of it to Primrose’s brothers and sisters, in equal shares. The will then proceeded as follows:
“ Item. I do give and devise unto my beloved sisters Martha and Abigail, and to my brothers Ralph and Abram T., all the lands situated in Ogle county, Illinois, share and share alike, and all my personal property of every kind and description except the bank stock heretofore mentioned, which is left in trust for my wife.
“ Item. I do give and devise unto all of my brothers and sisters or their representatives, after the decease of my wife, the house and lot left in trust for her, and also the bank stock left in trust for her, to be equally divided, share and share alike.”
But it is urged in behalf of the brothers in this case that the gift to the sisters and brothers, though nomwatim, was intended as a gift to a class, and, therefore, under the circumstances the brothers take the whole. The rule is, that a gift by will to individuals described by name, though they may constitute a class, indicates the testator’s intention to give to them only as individuals. Tf it appears by other parts of the will that it was the testator’s intention that the persons so named should take as a class and not as. individuals, the will will be construed accordingly. Hoppock v. Tucker, 59 N. Y. 202, also Jackson v. Roberts, 14 Gray 546, and cases there cited.
What evidence is there in the will in this case to lead to the conclusion that the testator, in the bequest under consideration, intended to give to his brothers and sisters aB a class and not'as individuals? He. not only gives to them by name, but the gift is to them in equal shares. A gift to persons named, in equal shares, creates a tenancy in common unless when, under a will, it is clear that the testator intended that it should be a joint tonaficy. It is urged that the fact that in this case the/testator did not intend to die
The fact that the testator intended to dispose of all of his property by the will, will no more lead to the conclusion that he intended a survivorship than it will to the conclusion that he intended a substitution. It leads to neither the one nor the other. By the next clause (above quoted) of the will, the testator expressly provided for representation or substitution with respect to his sisters, Martha, Abigail and Elizabeth (the last was also dead when he made the will), in the gift of the remainder in the house and lot and the bank stock. The gift, in that case, is to all of his brothers and sisters or their representatives. He had no sister living, as before stated. The cause of the omission to provide for substitution in the clause under construction, while it is provided for in the very next clause, with reference to the same persons, can only be conjectured. In the case of Taylor v. Conner, 7 Ind.
The testator died intestate of one-half the personal property mentioned in the claim under consideration, and it, therefore, goes to his next of kin, and will be distributed according to the statute of distribution. Scudder v. Van Arsdale, 1 Beas. 109. The widow is to be included among the distributees. Hand v. Many, ubi supra.