39 Cal. 565 | Cal. | 1870
delivered the opinion of the Court;
The action is for the recovery of the furniture and certain other personal property which appertained to a hotel, known as the “ Ocean House, ” and which was seized by the defend-' ant, as Sheriff of the City and County of San Francisco, as the property of James E. Dickey, by virtue of an execution against him in favor of McGlynn, on which the execution issued which Avas levied on the property. A verdict and judgment having been rendered for the plaintiff, the defendant moved for a new trial on the ground that the eAÚdence was insufficient to justify the verdict, and that it Avas against law. The Court denied the motion, and in rendering its' decision said: “If the case had been tried by the Court, without a jury, it is altogether probable a finding from the facts in evidence would haAe been in favor of the defendant. But as .the evidence was conflicting this Court does not feel
The sale from J ames E. Dickey to the plaintiff was sought to be impeached on two grounds, to Avit: First—That the alleged sale was not accompanied by an immediate delivery, and folloAved by an actual and continued change of possession, as required by the Act concerning fraudulent conveyances. Second—That the sale Avas intended to hinder and delay the creditors of James E. Dickey, and was, therefore, fraudulent and void as to McGlymi, who Avas one of the creditors.
The only question for our decision is whether or not the District Court abused its discretion in refusing to set aside the verdict and grant a new trial.
After a careful examination of the evidence we are unable to discover any substantial conflict in it. The plaintiff Avas examined as a witness on his OAvn behalf, and his testimony was to the effect that his brother, J ames E. Dickey, up to the time of the sale, had been the owner of the property, and carried on the business of the hotel, in Avhich the plaintiff for some months had been employed as barkeeper, on a salary; that the plaintiff had no money or property, and James E. Dickey was owing debts exceeding $10,000 ; that the plaintiff purchased the property at the price of $5,136, and took a bill of sale for it; that no cash was paid at the time of the sale or afterwards, but the plaintiff gave his three promissory notes for the purchase money, payable at a future time, and which were not secured by mortgage or otherwise; that these notes were afterwards transferred and delivered by J ames E. Dickey to some of his creditors, and have not been paid, but on the maturity of one or more of the notes the holders of them granted the plaintiff an extension of time, on his giving a mortgage on the furniture to secure them; that on the day succeeding the execution of the bill of sale, James E. Dickey, with his family, left the premises and went to the city, but at the expiration of one week brought his family back, and again occupied the same rooms in the hotel which they recently vacated, and continued so to occupy them for about one year ; that when he
We discover no material conflict in the evidence in any particular; and giving to it a fair and reasonable construction, the only question to be decided, is whether or not it establishes that there urns án immediate delivery .accompanied by an actual and continued change of possession, and if so, whether it was intended to hinder and delay the cred-' itors of James E. Dickey. We think it is impossible to resist the conclusion, from the whole evidence as given by the parties to the transaction, that the change of possession was only colorable and simulated, and not actual. And we think it is equally plain, that the purpose of the sale was to hinder and delay the creditors of James E. Dickey. It is not a case of conflicting evidence, in which a jury might
But even though there had been a conflict in the evidence, the judgment ought to be reversed on another ground. In denying the motion for new trial, the District Judge said that “if the case had been tried without a jury, it is altogether probable a finding from the facts in evidence would have been in favor of the defendant. But as the evidence was conflicting, this Court does not feel authorized to disturb the verdict.” The Court was not satisfied with the verdict, but refused to disturb it because there was some conflict in the evidence. This is not the correct rule. In this Court, when there is a substantial conflict in the evidence, Ave decline to set aside a verdict or finding of facts as being contrary to the Aveight of evidence, solely because we have had no opportunity to observe the manner of the witnesses, and to decide upon their credibility. But this reason does not apply to the District Judge—and though it is the peculiar province of the jury to decide upon the facts submitted to them, generally, in doubtful cases, the verdict ought not to bo set aside as contrary to the weight of the evidence; nevertheless, if the Judge is not satisfied with the verdict, and is convinced that it is clearly against the weight of the evidence, it is his duty to set it aside, even though there may have been some conflict in the testimony. He has had the same opportunity as the jury to observe the manner of the witnesses, and to decide upon their credibility, and it is his duty to see that the verdict is not clearly against the weight of evidence. He must exercise a wholesome and discreet supervision over the jury in this respect. “The
This reasoning appears to us conclusive; and whilst the Court should be careful not to trench upon the province of the jury, in deciding facts, when the evidence is nearly balanced, it is equally true that it is its duty to set aside the verdict, when plainly against the weight of evidence, even though there may have been some conflict in the testimony.
Judgment reversed and new trial ordered^