182 S.W. 396 | Tex. App. | 1916
Plaintiffs prayed that they recover the land in controversy, and that the deed from Nicholson to Walker be reformed so as to include said land, and in the alternative for the establishment of the lien against said land to the extent of $10 per acre and interest.
Nicholson alleged that he had sold and conveyed 81.51 acres of land to E. E. O'Callaghan, 72 acres to A. T. Galloway, and 60 acres to A. J. Nichols prior to the institution of the suit, and for valuable considerations. As to the remainder, if any, he answered by plea of not guilty, general and special denials, and alleged that it was understood and agreed that the 217 acres was not to be included in the deed to Walker, but was more than offset by 226 acres overplus in the tracts conveyed to Walker; that it was agreed, in consideration of the conveyance made by him to Walker, plaintiffs would assume and pay all indebtedness to Davis, and thereby Nicholson would receive a release of the vendor's lien held by Davis on said 217 acres.
O'Callaghan answered, claiming 81.51 acres of the land sued for, described in his answer, and as to same he answered by plea of not guilty, and by a special plea to the effect that he had, on October 22, 1907, contracted with Nicholson for the purchase of said land, and paid $150 on the purchase price thereof, and by deed dated August 20, 1908, Nicholson had conveyed such land to him for a consideration of $1,620, all of which was paid before the institution of this suit; that during all of such time the records of La Salle county showed the fee-simple title to said land to be in Nicholson, and showed no claim of plaintiffs or of any other person except the vendor's lien in favor of F. C. Davis, which would be released upon the payment of $10 for each acre sought to be released; that the contract was made, the deed delivered, and the payments made in good faith, without any notice, actual or constructive, of any claim by plaintiffs or either of them; that, when Nicholson made the conveyance to Walker, plaintiffs assumed the payment of the entire sum due Davis; and this defendant, in making his payments to Nicholson, relied upon the agreement of plaintiffs to *398 pay said sum to Davis. Said defendant by cross-action sought affirmative relief, and prayed that the title to the 81.51 acres of land be quieted in him.
The interveners' (Galloway and Nichols') pleadings are the same, in substance, as those of O'Callaghan, except that they alleged that they purchased the tracts of land claimed by them long prior to the institution of the suit, without stating the date; that Galloway agreed to pay $1,200, all of which was paid prior to the filing of the suit, except two notes for $267 each, and that Nichols agreed to pay $1,254.55, all of which had been paid, except a note for $327.27; that all of said notes had been sold by Nicholson to bona fide purchasers for a valuable consideration before the maturity thereof. The interveners and defendants joined in a trial amendment in which the defensive matter pleaded by Nicholson was alleged more in detail.
The case was submitted upon only one special issue, as follows:
"Did Nicholson tell Walker and Dewees, or either of them, before the deed made by F. C. Davis to W. I. Nicholson, dated August 15, 1908, was taken, that they would have no interest in the 217 acres in controversy in this suit, and being the second tract described in said deed ?"
The jury answered: "Yes." Judgment was entered in favor of O'Callaghan, Galloway, and Nichols for the tracts of land claimed by them; that said parties take nothing on their prayers against Nicholson; that the vendor's lien retained in the deed from Nicholson to Walker be canceled; and that plaintiffs recover of Nicholson all costs. The plaintiffs appealed.
Joseph Cotulla conveyed a large body of land to F. C. Davis. During the years 1907 and 1908 Nicholson was in possession of such land, selling portions thereof for Davis. Nichols and O'Callaghan visited the land in 1907, saw Nicholson in possession thereof, and were informed by the county clerk that Nicholson was selling it for Davis. Galloway was also informed as to this. Nichols and O'Callaghan during the year 1907 made a written contract with Nicholson for the purchase of the tracts claimed by them, and made a small payment thereon. At about the same time Galloway contracted to buy 80 acres, and made a small payment thereon, and afterwards, in the summer or fall of 1908, exchanged same for the tract now claimed by him. By deed dated August 15, 1908, filed for record September 10, 1908, and duly recorded, Davis conveyed to Nicholson certain lands described as 8,220 acres, more or less, the second tract being the 217 acres in controversy, for a consideration of $10 per acre, of which $5,000 was paid, and the remainder, $77,200, evidenced by a vendor's lien note payable to Davis and signed by Nicholson.
The statement of facts contains an instrument dated September 4, 1908, purporting to be a contract between Nicholson and the Nicholson Immigration Company, a corporation, but in fact not signed by said corporation, but signed and acknowledged by Dewees and Walker. This instrument recites that Nicholson owns 8,000 acres of land, more or less, in La Salle county, being a part of the Joseph Cotulla ranch, and particularly described in a deed from F. C. Davis to Nicholson dated the 15th day of August, 1908, and provides that the corporation shall take charge of, subdivide, and sell the land, and apply the proceeds as therein directed, and provides, further, that Nicholson will make deeds to purchasers, etc. This instrument was never recorded. The Nicholson Immigration Company was incorporated with a paid-up capital of $7,500, which was represented by the $5,000 put in on the land, and $2,500 more that Dewees put up for expense money. Nicholson, Walker, and Dewees were the sole stockholders. Nicholson effected the sale of a half interest in 458 acres of the land at a profit of $40 per acre, and sold other lands at a profit, in the benefits of all of which Dewees and Walker participated. By deed dated November 5, 1908, and filed for record the following day, Nicholson conveyed to Walker all of the land conveyed to him by Davis, except the 217 acres in controversy, which was entirely omitted, the tracts being numbered in each deed, and there being 15 tracts mentioned in the deed from Davis to Nicholson, and only 14 in the deed from Nicholson to Walker, the consideration being described as $5,000 cash, and a vendor's lien note in the sum of $77,200, payable at the same time as the note to Davis, and calling for the same rate of interest. At the time Nicholson made the deed to Walker he stated, according to Walker's testimony, that he had become involved in litigation in Oklahoma, and for the protection of Dewees and Walker he thought it best to put the title in the name of one of them. Nicholson testified that he made the conveyance at Walker's solicitation. The deed was written by the stenographer who did the writing for Nicholson, Walker, and Dewees, who used the same offices, and sent by Nicholson to the county clerk for recording, with instructions to mail it back to Walker. Walker received the deed, read it, and put it in his lock box, and testified that he first discovered the omission of the 217 acres about 7 or 8 months afterwards, whereupon he sent a new deed to Nicholson, who refused to sign, giving as his reason his version of the agreement between himself and Dewees and Walker.
On April 14, 1909, Nicholson, Walker, and Dewees entered into an agreement for the purpose of dissolving the corporation and canceling the contract dated September 4, 1908. This agreement provides that Walker and Dewees are to take over and own one half of 458 acres, of which the other half was conveyed to Dewees by Walker, and *399 they were to receive certain notes and assume certain obligations; that Nicholson is to pay Dewees and Walker within 60 days $8,750, and upon such payment all other assets and property belonging to the corporation "by virtue of said partnership contract" shall belong to Nicholson, and Walker will deed to Nicholson said assets and property with the understanding that the conveyance is to be subject to vendor's lien notes against the property aggregating $72,343.44; that the deeds to be executed by Walker "to the said 7,784 acres of land, more or less," shall be for such consideration as shall be named by Nicholson; that, if Nicholson fails to comply with such terms within 60 days, all right, title, and claim held by him in the Nicholson Immigration Company or the stock thereof, or growing out of the contract for the sale of the land, is to be at once forfeited by him to Walker and Dewees, and they are to release him from all claims held by them against him. This instrument was never recorded.
By deed dated August 20, 1908, filed for record February 5, 1909, Nicholson conveyed to O'Callaghan the 81.51 acres claimed by the latter for the sum of $550 cash and two notes for $540 each, which notes were paid before the filing of this suit. By deed dated October 29, 1908, filed for record February 4, 1910, Nicholson sold Galloway the 72 acres claimed by him for $1,200, of which $666 had been paid before this suit was filed. By deed dated April 21, 1909, filed for record March 12, 1910, Nicholson conveyed to Nichols the 60 acres claimed by him for $600 cash and two notes aggregating $654.45, both of which were unpaid at the time he was notified of the claim of Walker and Dewees. O'Callaghan, Nichols, and Galloway are, and have been for many years past, residents of the state of Mississippi. They honestly believed that the title to the land was good when they bought. The price paid by each for the land conveyed to him was a full, fair, and adequate consideration for the same, and at the time each secured his deed the land conveyed therein, so far as was shown by the records, was owned by Nicholson, and neither of them had any notice that Dewees and Walker, or either of them, claimed any interest in the land in controversy until the summer or fall of 1909. Walker did not execute any note to Nicholson as stated in the deed to him, but it was agreed and understood that he was assuming, along with Dewees, the payment of the note to Davis. The $5,000 cash paid to Davis was furnished by Dewees and Walker, and an agreement was made that the deed should be made to Nicholson, but the testimony conflicts in regard to the terms of their agreement. Nicholson testified that he was very explicit to explain to Walker that he was buying no interest in the land that was contracted for sale (meaning the 217 acres in controversy); that he counted in the excess of 226 acres, and explained fully to Walker that this excess was in the Rock Water Hole pasture, and that Walker thoroughly understood that he would have nothing to do with the land in survey No. 4, which is the land in question; that in making the trade with Walker and Dewees he laid the map down in front of them and explained that a certain 80 acres had been sold out of 14, and showed that the tract of 77 acres in No. 4 had not been sold, and explained fully to Mr. Walker that he would make a trade and exchange this 77-acre tract in No. 4 for the 80-acre tract in No. 14, and would leave No. 14 in such shape that it would cut in 20-acre tracts; that the deed from Davis, while it stated that it conveyed 8,220 acres, actually conveyed 8,446 acres. Nicholson testified further that it was not the intention in the agreement of September 4, 1908, to describe the land conveyed from Davis to Nicholson. Walker testified that he and `Dewees paid off the balance due on the $77,200 note to Davis. It was admitted that Walker and Dewees assumed the payment thereof when the Nicholson Immigration Company was dissolved about June, 1909. Nicholson's testimony was contradicted by Walker and Dewees, who denied that he ever made any statements to them about the 217 acres being contracted to be sold or being excepted from the trade between them and Nicholson.
Appellant contends that Nicholson testified to an express trust, and that his testimony was in his own interest and uncorroborated, and therefore insufficient to sustain the finding of the jury. As we understand the pleadings, appellants sought to establish a trust in the 217 acres they sued for, while Nicholson and his vendees contended that plaintiffs had no interest in or title to such land. The evidence shows that there was an agreement between appellants and Nicholson by which a deed was to be taken in his name, and a corporation was to be formed for the sale of lands, the profits to be equally divided between Walker, Dewees, and Nicholson after paying the money advanced by Walker and Nicholson. There is, however, a material conflict upon the terms of this agreement; for Nicholson contends that the 217 acres in controversy which he had contracted to sell before the deed was made to him was not to be included in the lands to be sold by the corporation, but was to be his individual property. Walker and Dewees contend that the agreement was to the effect that all of the land conveyed to Nicholson was to be sold by the corporation and the proceeds divided. The legal title was vested in Nicholson, and the 217 acres in controversy was never conveyed to Walker with the remaining lands, but was conveyed by him to O'Callaghan, Nichols, and Galloway. Said parties at the time of the trial held the legal title to the lands respectively claimed by them.
As plaintiffs were attempting to *400
assert an equitable title which they contended was acquired on account of certain transactions with Nicholson, who had conveyed the legal title to O'Callaghan, Galloway, and Nichols, the burden was upon plaintiffs to not only prove such equitable title, but also that Nicholson's grantees had notice of such title, or that they did not pay value for the land bought by them. Hill v. Moore,
Appellants by their third and fourth assignments contend that a verdict should have been instructed for appellants; the contention being that by the contract dated September 4, 1908, the land in controversy was turned over to the corporation for sale and to pay the amounts due Davis, and by the terms of the agreement of April 14, 1909, and the failure of Nicholson to comply with the option given him therein, said land became the property of plaintiffs. The contract of September 4, 1908, does not purport to transfer title to the corporation, and is of no importance, unless it serves to throw light on the original transaction. The description of the lands therein is not as satisfactory as it might be; for it calls for 8,000 acres more or less, while the deed from Davis describes the land therein conveyed as 8,220 acres, more or less, and said contract does not contain the statement that the lands to be sold comprise all those tracts described in the deed from Davis, but the statement is made that such 8,000 acres, more or less, are described in the Davis deed. Nicholson testified that it was not intended in said agreement to describe the land as that conveyed from Davis to Nicholson; that he was so well satisfied that Walker and Dewees knew just what land they were getting, and there would be no hitch in any of the transactions, that he might have been a little careless. We think the description was sufficiently ambiguous to authorize proof of what was meant thereby, and that, in connection with the testimony showing that Nichols had theretofore contracted to sell the 217 acres in controversy, the jury was warranted in deciding that it was never intended to be turned over to the corporation, and that said contract should not be construed as inconsistent with Nicholson's testimony. If the land in controversy was not included in the contract, it is evident that the agreement of April 14, 1909, did not relate thereto; for it mentions only the assets and property belonging to the corporation by virtue of the contract. The property referred to as held under the contract was treated as the same held by Walker under the deed to him, for it is provided that he shall make the conveyance if Nicholson complies with the terms of the last contract.
But, aside from the fact that the evidence sustains findings to the effect that Nicholson did not agree to hold the 217 acres in trust for plaintiffs, or for the corporation, whose assets and property plaintiffs acquired by virtue of the agreement of April 14, 1909, and that no title was conveyed to the corporation or to plaintiffs by the written instruments relied upon in the assignments of error, there is a good reason disclosed by the record why the court should have refused to give a peremptory instruction for plaintiffs. This reason is that O'Callaghan, Galloway, and Nichols purchased the respective tracts of land claimed by them from the owner of the legal title, as shown of record, without any notice, actual or constructive, of plaintiffs' or the corporation's claim thereto, and paid the full and fair value thereof. This proof was so complete that it would have met the requirements of the law to entitle them to hold their land, had plaintiffs shown a legal title antedating theirs, in which case the burden would have been upon them to establish their good faith, etc.
By the fifth assignment appellants contend that judgment should have been entered that plaintiffs recover from O'Callaghan, Galloway, and Nichols the sum of $10 per acre for each acre of the land claimed by them, and for foreclosure of lien, because plaintiffs paid off the vendor's lien retained by Davis. If the transaction was as contended by Nicholson, and found by the jury, Walker and Dewees got what they were to receive, and it is admitted that they assumed the payment of the amount due Davis. This assumption would inure to the benefit of O'Callaghan, Galloway, and Nichols. Had the jury found in favor of their contention, they would still be confronted with the fact that their act in vesting title in Nicholson caused the purchasers from Nicholson to obligate themselves to pay full value, and justice would require that they should not be permitted to recover $10 per acre from such purchasers, but should have their recourse against their trustee, Nicholson, and should seek to stop the transfer of such notes as he still owned, and ask for a judgment declaring them the owners thereof. This was not undertaken. The assignment is overruled.
The sixth assignment will not be considered, because the rule requiring the *401 assignments to be copied in the brief has been violated to such an extent that a new assignment of error has been created. The one in the brief complains of the admission of certain testimony of Nicholson, which, by the way, is shown by the statement of facts to have been read as offered by appellants, while the assignment in the motion for new trial complains of the admission of all the testimony given by Nicholson.
By cross-assignment complaint is made by Nicholson because the court adjudged the costs against him. As the only issue submitted was decided in his favor by the jury, and plaintiffs did not request that any others be submitted, he contends the costs should not have been adjudged against him. The only relief given the plaintiffs was the cancellation of the vendor's lien retained in the deed from Nicholson to Walker. This relief was not prayed for, and Nicholson was not apprised of the fact that such relief was demanded or desired, or he could have tendered an instrument correcting the mistake. We think the court erred in adjudging the costs against Nicholson.
The other cross-assignments are based on proceedings not shown in the record, and would have to be overruled were it necessary to consider them.
The judgment is reformed so as to provide that plaintiffs pay all costs, and, as so reformed, will be affirmed.