17 Mo. 580 | Mo. | 1853
delivered the opinion of the court.
The case was shortly this : James Dunn, who had a wife living,.^nposed himself on Nancy S. Depew, (the plaintiff,) as a single person, and iSarried her. Among other things owned by Nancy Depew was a piano. After her marriage in Indiana, this piano was brought by her supposed husband to Hannibal, in this state. Dunn-and Miss Depew remained some days at Hannibal, cohabiting as man and wife. Afterwards, Dunn sold the piano to the defendant, Robards, and absconded. There is no dispute but that Robards purchased in good faith. This suit was brought by Nancy Depew against the defendant, to recover damages for the conversion of the piano. Under the instructions given, the plaintiff submitted to a nonsuit, and sued out this writ of error.
The fixed principle of our law of personal property is, that no person can be divested of his property without his own consent, and, consequently, that a purchaser in good faith, under a defective title, cannot hold against the true owner. That no one can transfer to another a better title than he has himself, is a maxim of our law. An exception to this rule, in the an-
Another exception to the rule, that the owner of personal property cannot be divested of his title without his consent, is, where the owner, by his own voluntary act, has conferred upon another, under whom an honest purchaser claims, the apparent right of ownership and disposal of his property; and this holds, although the owner may have been deceived and imposed upon, in bestowing this right of ownership and disposal. This principle is illustrated by the case of Mowrey v. Walsh, 8 Cow. 238, where it was held that, although one obtains goods by a fraudulent purchase, under a forged letter of credit and guaranty, yet, if he afterwards sells them to a bona fide purchaser, without notice of the fraud, the property passes to the purchaser. To the same effect is the case of Parker v. Patrick, 5 T. R. 175. 8 Mo. 139. The law protects the honest purchaser where the owner, although induced by fraud or mistake, has voluntarily given to another the apparent right of property or sale. But if the owner loses his property or is robbed of it, or if it is stolen from him, or if it is sold or pledged, without his consent, by one who has hired it or to whom it is loaned, or who has it in his possession for transportation or for mending or repairing it — in all these cases, the
Nancy Depew was shamefully imposed upon by James L. Dunn, yet she voluntarily placed him in a situation and clothed him with a character in which he was apparently authorized, by law, to dispose of her property, and a sale having been made of it by him, the honest purchaser must hold it. Although the marriage, as between the plaintiff and Dunn, was a nullity and did not affect her rights, yet, as it was by her act that Dunn was- enabled to commit a fraud, it is more reasonable that she should bear the loss than the innocent purchaser.
The other judges concurring, the judgment will be affirmed.
