98 P. 687 | Cal. Ct. App. | 1908
This is an appeal by plaintiff from final judgment against him upon defendants' demurrers to his amended complaint, and the only question presented by the record concerns the correctness of the ruling of the court in sustaining said demurrers.
The action was brought for the benefit of the defendant Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society, a corporation organized and still existing under and by virtue of the act entitled "An Act Concerning Agricultural Societies," approved March 12, 1859, plaintiff suing as a life member of said corporation, and making the members of the board of directors and several life members thereof, as well as said corporation, formal defendants. The other defendants are San Jose Land and Exhibit Association, a corporation, Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, a corporation, San Jose and Santa Clara Railroad Company, a corporation, E. M. Rea and L. E. Hanchett.
The action was brought to obtain a decree:
1. Vacating and annulling a certain judgment made and entered on the eighteenth day of May, 1899, in favor of W. C. *230 Andrews, and against the Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society, and all proceedings founded thereon, including the sheriff's deed of the land described in the complaint executed in pursuance of a sale to satisfy said judgment;
2. Vacating a deed to the said premises executed by the said Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society on the seventh day of June, 1900;
3. That said Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society have and recover possession of the premises described in the complaint;
4. And that said society recover of the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company the sum of $1,000 as the value of the rents and profits of said premises.
The defendant, the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, appeared separately, and demurred to the amended complaint upon the grounds that the complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action, and upon the ground that the supposed cause of action is barred by subdivision 4 of section
The other defendants also demurred to the amended complaint upon the same grounds. The court sustained the demurrers upon both grounds, and rendered judgment against plaintiff.
If the action be treated as an action for relief on the ground of fraud, it was clearly barred by the provisions of subdivision 4 of section
The only allegation as to when the plaintiff learned of the frauds complained of is that "The plaintiff did not know nor have notice of or have the means of knowing or discovering said acts of fraud hereinbefore specifically alleged until within three years next before the commencement of this action." Such general allegation is insufficient to take an action for relief on the ground of fraud, occurring more than three years before the commencement of the action, out of the bar of the statute. (People v. San Joaquin Valley Agr. Assn.,
Especially is this rule applicable where it appears, as it does in the complaint here, that the deeds attacked were recorded in the recorder's office. (Lant v. Manley, 71 Fed. 7.) The complaint in this case in no respect complies with the rule laid down in the above-cited cases.
The appellant, however, takes the position that this is an action to recover the possession of land, and that the statute barring actions for fraud after three years does not apply, citing Murphy v. Crowley,
The only defendant who is charged to be in possession of the premises is the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company. It is not claimed that any of the other defendants are now in possession of the land, or have ever been in possession of any part of it, save that the railroad corporation defendant has, since the entry of the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, received from it a grant of a right of way across the premises. As to the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, it appears from the complaint that it deraigns title to the premises in question from the defendant Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society through the judgment *232
and the two deeds sought to be declared fraudulent and void. The two deeds in question were executed to defendant San Jose Land and Exhibit Association, and it in turn conveyed to defendant E. M. Rea. Thereafter E. M. Rea and his wife in November, 1905, conveyed to defendant L. E. Hanchett, and on the thirty-first day of March, 1906, said Hanchett conveyed the premises to defendant the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company. These facts are alleged in the complaint, but it is not alleged that either Hanchett or defendant Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, were not purchasers for value, or that they or either of them had any notice of the alleged frauds now complained of, or were in any way parties thereto. It appears from the complaint that defendant, Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, entered into possession of the premises under its deed from Hanchett. It must be assumed that plaintiff has stated his cause of action as strongly as the facts will warrant, and we must therefore assume that the Peninsula Land and Improvement Company is a bona fide purchaser for value. This being so, its title is good against plaintiff and the defendant for which he sues. (Morrow v. Graves,
The general allegations in the complaint that certain of the acts of the officers of the Santa Clara Valley Agricultural Society were ultra vires do not strengthen the case of plaintiff against defendant Peninsula Land and Improvement Company, for said company holds title both under the deed of the society and the sheriff's deed upon execution under the judgment against the society. The act under which the society was organized expressly authorizes it "to sell, lease and dispose of" its lands "at pleasure" (Stats. 1859, p. 104), and not being a public corporation, such as are societies organized under the act of 1880 (People v. San Joaquin Valley Agr. Assn.,
For the reasons above stated the court did not err in sustaining the demurrers, and the judgment is affirmed.
Cooper, P. J., and Kerrigan, J., concurred.