Delaney v. Lewis

Dec 17, 1998
Versions:256 A.D.2d 895
682 N.Y.S.2d 270
1998 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 13575
Spain, J.

Appeal from a judgment of the Supreme Court (Rose, J.), entered September 10, 1997 in Tioga County, which, upon reargument, granted defendant’s motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.

*896Plaintiff Blanche L. Delaney (hereinafter plaintiff) suffered personal injuries when the vehicle she was operating was rear ended by a car driven by defendant while plaintiff was stopped at an intersection in the Village of Owego, Tioga County. Thereafter, plaintiff and her husband, derivatively, cоmmenced this action against defendant alleging that plaintiff suffered serious injuries, including debilitating headaches and damage to the cervical and thoracic areas of her spine. After issue was joined, defendant moved for summary judgment based on plaintiff not having sustained a sеrious injury within the meaning of Insurance Law § 5102. Supreme Court initially denied defendant’s motion, without prejudice, becаuse defendant’s supporting medical statements were not in proper evidentiary form. Thеreafter, defendant moved to reargue her motion for summary judgment and submitted a certified rеport from Sowbhagya Sonthineni, who conducted an independent medical ‍​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​‍examinatiоn (hereinafter IME) of plaintiff. Defendant also submitted certified medical records of plаintiff’s treating physicians. In opposition to defendant’s motion, plaintiffs submitted an attorney’s affidavit with the transcript of plaintiff’s deposition testimony and certified records from her physicаl therapist.

Supreme Court granted defendant’s motion to reargue and, upon reargument, granted defendant’s motion for summary judgment reasoning that defendant’s evidence presented suffiсient prima facie proof that plaintiff did not sustain a serious injury under Insurance Law § 5102. Further, Supreme Court determined that plaintiffs failed to meet their burden of submitting proof sufficient to create a questiоn of fact as to whether plaintiff sustained a serious injury. Specifically, Supreme Court cоncluded that plaintiff’s physical limitations due to severe pain were not supported by оbjective medical findings and diagnostic tests. Supreme Court also determined that “[plaintiffs’ proof of an injury qualifying under the ‘90-out-of-180-day’ category [of Insurance Law § 5102 (d)] [was] unconvincing”, reasoning that plaintiff’s restrictions on her usual and customary ‍​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​‍activities were not medically indicated but rather, werе self imposed. Plaintiffs appeal.

We affirm. In our view, Supreme Court properly granted summаry judgment to defendant. Initially, we reject plaintiffs’ contention that defendant failed to makе out a prima facie case that plaintiff had not sustained a serious injury within the meaning of Insurance Law § 5102 (d). “As thе moving party, defendant initially has the burden to establish that plaintiff did not sustain a ‘serious injury1 within the meaning of [Insurance Law § 5102 (d)]” (Tankersley v Szesnat, 235 AD2d 1010, *8971011; see, Richards v Toomey, 221 AD2d 754, 755). A finding of significant limitation requires ‍​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​‍something more than a minor limitation of use (see, Broderick v Spaeth, 241 AD2d 898, lv denied 91 NY2d 805; Kimball v Baker, 174 AD2d 925, 926; Gaddy v Eyler, 167 AD2d 67, 72, affd 79 NY2d 955). Additionally, “subjective complaints of pain unsupported by credible or objective medical evidence оr documentation [are] simply not. enough to establish the threshold issue of serious injury” (Kimball v Baker, supra, at 926; see, Tankersley v Szesnat, supra, at 1012).

Here, defеndant submitted the verified IME report as proof that plaintiff did not sustain a serious injury. The IME report сoncluded that plaintiff “recovered well with normal cervical spine movements and аbsent cervical paraspinal muscle spasm”. In addition, defendant submitted plaintiff’s treating рhysician’s records in which plaintiff’s complaints of pain, improvements in her range of motion and her treatment plan are detailed and which diagnosed her with chronic cervicаl strain secondary to the motor vehicle accident. In our view, defendant’s submissions were sufficient to establish that plaintiff had not sustained a serious injury.

In response, plaintiffs submitted physical thеrapy records under the therapist’s affidavit. A physical therapist, however, cannot ‍​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​‍by definition diagnose or make prognosis and is incompetent to determine the permanency or duration of a physical limitation (see, Caputo v Cradle, 111 Misc 2d 242). Plaintiffs’ contention that plaintiff’s treating physician’s records establish that she suffered a permanent or significant limitation is without merit. While the medical records indicate that plaintiff’s complaints of pain formed the basis for the medical diagnosis of chronic cervical strain, such subjective evidence is insufficient to establish the threshold of serious injury (see, Tankersley v Szesnat, supra).

We also reject plaintiff’s contention that her reduced working hours qualify under the “90-out-of-180-day” serious injury category. Plaintiff’s deposition testimony indicates that she impоsed the work restriction on herself; moreover, she was advised that her condition would improve if she pushed herself rather than restricting her activities. In our view, summary judgment was properly granted to defendant.

Mikoll, J. P., Crew III, Yesawich Jr. and Graffeo, JJ., concur. ‍​​​​​‌​​‌‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​​‌‌‌‌‌​‌​‌​​​​​​​‌​‍Ordered that the judgment is affirmed, with costs.