73 F. 308 | D. Alaska | 1896
The plaintiffs brought suit before United States Commissioner Mellen, acting as a justice court, against the defendant, for an amount stated in the complaint at $249.85, which is within the jurisdiction of Alaska commissioners, acting as such courts, under the statutes of Oregon. Hill’s Ann.Code, p. 643, § 908. Judgment was had by plaintiff for $171.77, from which defendant appeals. Plaintiff moves to dismiss the appeal, on the ground that the amount involved is not large enough to bring the case within the appellate jurisdiction of this court, under the provisions of section 7 of the act providing a civil government for Alaska, commonly known here as the “Organic Act.” 23 Stat. 24; 1 Supp.Rev.St. p. 430. The section referred to provides, among other things, that “an appeal shall lie in any case, civil or criminal, from the judgment of said commissioners to the district court where the amount involved in any civil case is two hundred dollars or more.” The fate of the motion, therefore, depends upon the construction placed on said section 7 as to the words “the amount involved.” The defendant in the court below, who is the appellant here, contends that the amount involved is the sum demanded in the complaint; while the respondent here, who was plaintiff below, takes the position that the amount involved must be determined by the sum for which judgment was recovered in the lower court.
Whatever conflict there may be in the decisions of the courts of last resort in the several states of the Union, the principle here involved has been too often and too emphatically adjudicated in the federal courts to be open for consideration by this court. Since the decision of the supreme court of the United States in the case of Gordon v. Ogden, 3 Pet. 33, rendered at the January term of that court in 1830, the rule has been inflexible that, in cases like the one here
The question first appears in the federal courts in the case of Wilson v. Daniel, 3 Dall. 401, decided in 1798. By a divided court it was there held that the amount in dispute was to be determined by the foundation of the original controversy, — the amount in dispute when the action was instituted. In support of this view, Ellsworth, C. J., in speaking for the court, says: “This construction not only
Justices Chase and Iredell presented dissenting opinions, the latter in the following language: “When the legislature allowed a writ of error to the supreme court, it was considered that the court was held permanently at the seat of the national government, remote from any parts of the Union, and that it would be inconvenient and oppressive to bring suitors hither for objects of small importance. Hence it was provided that, unless the matter in dispute exceeded the sum of $2,000, a writ should not be issued. But the matter in dispute here meant is the matter in dispute in the writ of error.”
This court, even after the long lapse of years since this decision was made, and even at this remote distance “from the seat of national government,” cannot refrain from expressing the judgment that the rule stated by Chief Justice Ellswofth appears to be the better one, and the reasoning in support of it the more cogent and logical. It was, however, overthrown by Gordon v. Ogden, supra, in 1830, and the doctrine stated by Justice Iredell set up in ijs place, which has met with the continuous and unbroken support of the decisions of the supreme court ever since. Smith v. Honey, 3 Pet. 469; Knapp v. Banks, 2 How. 73; Walker v. U. S., 4 Wall. 165; Merrill v. Petty, 16 Wall. 338; Telegraph Co. v. Rogers, 93 U.S. 565; Town of Elgin v. Marshall, 106 U.S. 578, 1 S.Ct. 484; Hilton v. Dickinson, 108 U.S. 165, 2 S.Ct. 424; Jenness v. Bank, 110 U.S. 53, 3 S.Ct. 425; Dows v. Johnson, 110 U.S. 223, 3
The rule in the United States courts also appears to have been very generally adopted by the state courts, notably by the supreme court of California, when Mr. Justice Field, now of the supreme court of the United States, was chief justice in that state. Gillespie v. Benson, 18 Cal. 410; Votan v. Reese, 20 Cal. 90.
The amount involved in this case not being sufficiently large to vest this court with jurisdiction within the rule above stated, this appeal must be dismissed. So ordered.