Thе Florsheim Shoe Company (Florsheim) appeals from the Labor and Industrial Relations Commission’s award of worker’s compensation benefits to Bobby Lee Davison (Davison). Florsheim asserts that Davison’s injury arose neither in the course of nor out of his employment with Florsheim and is, therefore, not a сompen-sable injury. The judgment is affirmed.
Mr. Davison, a 20-year-old employee of The Florsheim Shoe Company, was a shank nailer. On August 28, 1984, he was returning to his work stаtion from an afternoon break on the premises. He observed an industrial rubber band on the floor. He picked it up and continued walking toward his work stаtion, holding the band at chest level and stretching it. The rubber band apparently broke and struck him in the eye causing industrial blindness for worker’s compensation purposes. Mr. Davison had picked up rubber bands on an average of two times per week. Other employees picked up rubber bands. The employees either threw the rubber bands away or reused them. There was a box into which the used bands were placed.
Subsequent to the accident, Mr. Davison reported to the floor supervisor, Ms. Tar-rant, and to a treating physician, Dr. Hawkins, that he was “playing” with a rubber band when it snapped and hit him in the еye. Mr. Davison and Ms. Tarrant testified before the administrative law judge and Dr. Hawkins’ records were admitted into evidence.
*483 Florsheim argues that Davison’s “playing” constituted a voluntary act of self-amusement or horseplay and is, consequently, non-compensable. The conflict lies in the differing interpretations, along with the permissible inferences, to be drawn from the evidence of Mr. Davison, Ms. Tarrant, and Dr. Hawkins’ records with regard to Mr. Davison’s activity with the rubber band.
The standard of review in worker’s compensation cases is set forth in § 287.495, RSMo 1986. The court of appeals reviews the award of the Labor аnd Industrial Relations Commission, not the findings of the administrative law judge. The review is of the whole record, including the legitimate inferences to be drawn therefrоm, in the light most favorable to the award of the Commission. The function of the court is to determine whether the Commission’s findings are supported by compеtent and substantial evidence upon the whole record.
Lewis v. City of Liberty,
Having heard the testimony and reviewed the exhibits, as set forth supra, the administrative law judge found that Mr. Davison was unconsciously stretching the rubber band, thus negating Florsheim’s contention of a voluntary act of horseplay. The administrative law judge also found the injury to be compensable. The Labor and Industrial Commission reviewed and affirmed the administrative law judge’s decision, adopting the judge’s findings.
The fundamental purpose of the Worker’s Compensаtion Law is to place upon industry the losses sustained by employees resulting from injuries arising out of and in the course of employment. The law is to be broadly and liberally interpreted and is intended to extend its benefits to the largest possible class. Any question as to the right of an employee to cоmpensation must be resolved in favor of the injured employee.
Wolfgeher v. Wagner Cartage Service, Inc.,
An injury “arises out of” the employment if it is a natural and reasonable incident of the employment; the injury occurs “in the course of employment” if the accident occurs within the period of employment at a place where the employee may reasonably be fulfilling the duties of employment. The tests are separate and both must be met before an injury may bе determined compensable.
Automobile Club Inter-Insurance Exchange v. Bevel,
The injury arises out of the employment “when there is a causal connection between the nature of the employee’s duties or conditions under which he is required to perform them and the resulting injury.”
Id.
An employee has been held to have sustained a comрensable injury arising out of employment where the injury results from a risk reasonably inherent in the particular conditions of the employment.
Yaffe v. St. Louis Children’s Hospital,
Davison’s injuries also arose within the course of employment under the second part of the test, which refers to time, place and circumstances undеr which
*484
the injuries are received.
Automobile Club Inter-Insurance Exchange,
Florsheim provided breaks and a place in which to take them. The general procedure was that the emplоyees were permitted to determine the number of breaks they might take and the specific time at which they desired to take the break. Davison did nоt deviate from company policy in taking a break during normal business hours.
Although Davison could not say with absolute certainty why he had picked up the rubber band on the-particular occasion of his injury, he had picked up rubber bands on numerous prior occasions as a safety precaution. It is reasonable to infer that picking up the rubber band was of benefit to the employer under the circumstances. There is no doubt that the injury ocсurred within the time and place of employment. It is not necessary that the activity leading to the injury be a part of Davison’s specific job description.
Florsheim cites five cases, all from other jurisdictions, in support of its position that Davison’s activity was voluntary horseplay. The activities in thоse cases include shooting a paper clip with a rubber band, playing with a dynamite cap, and other activities which are clearly factually distinguishable from the present case. Every worker’s compensation case must be determined on its own particular set of facts. In this case, Mr. Davison’s injury arose out of and in the course of his employment and he is, therefore, entitled to compensation.
The judgment is affirmed.
All concur.