166 Mo. App. 625 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1912
— This action was instituted against the Bankers’ Life Association, a corporation doing a mutual life insurance business under the laws of Iowa, to recover the proceeds of two certificates of membership issued to Samuel Davison in October, 1893. The plaintiffs are Caroline Davison, who claims to he the widow of Samuel Davison, and their children. Davison procured a decree of divorce from his wdfe, Caroline, in 1889 in the Circuit Court of Livingston county and was married in 1895 to his second wife, Tillie, who also claims the proceeds of the policies as his
A jury was waived by the parties and the court, after hearing the evidence, rendered judgment for plaintiffs. Defendant Tillie appealed. A motion to dismiss the appeal was filed in this court by plaintiffs but in the last brief of their counsel the motion was withdrawn and as we find no vital defect in the proceedings relating to the prosecution of the appeal we shall consider the case on its merits. Sometime before the trial in the circuit court the defendant association paid the proceeds of the policies into court and thereafter the only contest in the case was between the two rival claimants of the fund and the primary issue was whether Caroline or Tillie was the lawful wife of Samuel Davison at the time of his death. It is not disputed that Tillie was married to Samuel in 1895 and that thereafter they lived together as husband and wife until his death in 1909, but it is contended by plaintiffs that this marriage was void for the reason that Samuel was not legally divorced from his first wife, Caroline. When the certificates were issued the beneficiary named in them was the estate of
When the divorce suit was instituted, the defendant Caroline Davison had absconded, could not be served personally with summons and consequently service was made by publication. In the order of publi- ■ cation, subsequent proceedings and judgment, the name “Davison” was incorrectly spelled “Davidson.” The circuit court held that the names “Davison” and “Davidson” are not idem sonans, and, consequently, that there was no legal service by publication. The court deemed this defect so vital that it infected the whole proceeding, made nugatory the decree of divorce and that Caroline remained the lawful wife of Samuel to the day of his death.
“The rule of idem sonans is that absolute accuracy in spelling names is not required in a legal docu-. ment or proceedings either civil or criminal; that if the name, as spelled in the document, though different from the correct spelling thereof, conveys to the ear, when pronounced according to the commonly accepted methods, a sound practically identical with the correct name as commonly pronounced, the name thus given is a sufficient designation of the individual referred to, and no advantage can be taken of the clerical error.” [4 Words & Phrases, 3380.] This rule has received repeated recognition in this State. [Robson v. Thomas, 55 Mo. 581; State v. Havely, 21 Mo. 498; Whelen v. Weaver, 13 Mo. 92; Maier v. Brock, 222 Mo. 74; Graton v. Holliday, 189 Mo. 322; State v. Griffie, 118 Mo. 188.]
In Robson v. Thomas, supra, the Supreme Court say: “It matters not how two names are spelled, what their orthography is; they are idem sonans within the meaning of the books if the attentive ear finds difficulty in distinguishing them when pronounced or common and long continued usage has by corruption or abbreviation made them identical in pronounciation. ’ ’
The following names have been pronounced idem sonans: Elberson-Elbertson, Johnson-Johnston, Wilkerson-Wilkinson, Hutson-Hudson, Robinson-Robertson, Bolen-Bolden. The second “d” in Davidson re
Section 1770, Revised Statutes 1909, provides that “if the plaintiff or other person for him . . . shall file an affidavit stating that part, or all of the defendants . . . have absconded or absented themselves from their usual place of abode in this state,” the court, or in vacation the clerk thereof, shall make an order for service by publication. In attempted compliance with this provision an affidavit was made by S. J. Jones to the effect that Caroline Davison had absconded or absented herself from her usual place of abode in this state and that process could not be served upon her. This affidavit was filed in the cause and was the basis of the order of publication issued therein. The point against the affidavit is that it omitted to state the affiant was the agent of the plaintiff. If, in fact, Jones did make the affidavit as the agent of the
A mere irregularity of this character cannot serve as the foundation of a,collateral attack on a judgment otherwise regular. We must presume, in the absence of proof to the contrary, that Jones made the affidavit as the agent of Davison and that the court in issuing the order did not act until proof of that fact had been adduced.
There is no merit in the further point advanced by plaintiffs that notwithstanding the affidavit in question was sufficient the order could not be issued without compliance with the provisions of section 1772, Revised Statutes 1909. That section provides that a non est return on a summons may serve as a ground for issuing an order of publication but it does not relate to cases where an affidavit of non-residence is made pursuant to section 1770. In the latter cases the issuance and return of summons is not made a prerequisite for an order of publication:.
We find the judgment for divorce is valid and that the defendant Tillie, as the lawful widow of Samuel Davison and the beneficiary named in the certificates is entitled to the proceeds of the certificates. The judgment is reversed and the cause remanded with directions to enter judgment in accordance with the views expressed.