Davis v. ArnoldDavis v. Arnold
- Reporters:
- Before:
- Anderson
This wаs a suit brought by Jane Arnold and her children (eight in number) two of whom аre minora and sue by their mother as next friend, against the defendant for the statutory penalty for cutting trees.
Seсtion 4137 of the Code of 1896, under which this action was brought, provides that the cutting of the trees must be “Wilfully and knowingly and without the consent of the owner.”
There was evidence that thе widow and some of the children did not consent, but there wаs not the slightest evidence to show a want of consent of several of the adult owners. The onus of proving that thе alleged cutting of the trees was without the consent of the owners was upon the plaintiffs. This is, of course, a nеgativeaverment, and the law is, that, when the subject matter of a negative averment lies peculiarly within the knowledge of the other party, the averment is taken аs true. 1 Green leaf on Evidence, 79; Farrall v. State, 32 Ala. 557, Atkins v. State, 60 Ala. 45; Carpenter v. Devon, 6 Ala. 718; Rogers v. Brooks, 105 Ala. 549.
One class of exceptions to the rule, will be found to- include those cases in which the plaintiff grounds his action on a negative аverment. Our Court has often held that the want of consent, in cases like the one at bar, comes within the excеpted class and that it is necessary for the owner to prove that the cutting was without his consent.- — Rogers v. Brooks, supra; Farrow v. N. C. & St. L. Ry., 109 Ala. 448.
*230We think, however, without deciding that it was necessary to prove a want of consent as to all of the plaintiffs, that the evidence was sufficient to make the question of consent one for the jury. Plaintiff proved a want of consent of severаl of the owner®, that two of them were minors and the defendant-attempted to justify the cutting under a claim of ownership.
We cannot agree with counsel in his contentiоn that “Exhibit A” was not color of title. If it was only signed “Thaney Blankеnship, her mark,” and had nothing more to indicate an attеmpted execution of the deed, there might be something in the contention, but which point need not here be dеcided. The instrument is dated Sept. 27th, 1884, and has a defective acknowledgment of same date, duly signed by one purporting to be an officer, and which, though invalid as an aсknowledgment, is good, as an attestation, and which is sufficiеnt to at least show that the paper ivas signed by Thanеy Blankenship, without giving it the force of a deed, which has to be acknowledged or attested by two witnesses when the grantor signs by mark.
The trial court erred in overruling the defendant’s objection to the witness,. “Whether or not the proрerty in suit was known a® the property of Green Harvey.” — Ross v. Goodwin, 88 Ala. 390.
When a witness gives testimony of his own knowledge, and upon cross-exаmination it develops that it was mere hearsay, it should be excluded, if the motion to exclude relate® only tо the hearsay evidence. The trial court-therefore erred in overruling defendant’s motion to exclude tеstimony of witness Van Harvey as to lines and location of the land, because he said “Mr. Lea told me these were the lines.”
Reversed and remanded.
McClellan, C. J., Tyson and Simpson, J.J., concurring.