67 Ohio St. 2d 129 | Ohio | 1981
At issue is the applicability of Civ. R. 53(E) and 54(B) to actions in forcible entry and detainer. While the Rules of Civil Procedure are generally applicable to all civil proceedings in Ohio, the drafters carved out certain exceptions to their use, as provided in Civ. R. 1(C):
“These rules, to the extent that they would by their nature be clearly inapplicable, shall not apply to procedure * * * (3) in forcible entry and detainer, ***.”
Therefore, we must determine whether Civ. R. 53(E) and 54(B) are “by their nature * * * clearly inapplicable” to forcible entry and detainer proceedings.
Forcible entry and detainer, as authorized in R. C. Chapter 1923, is a summary proceeding in which “any judge of a county court” may make inquiry into disputes between landlords and tenants, and, where appropriate, order restitution of the premises to the landlord.
The purpose of the forcible entry and detainer statutes is to provide immediate possession of real property. Haas v. Gerski (1963), 175 Ohio St. 327, 330. Given its summary nature, the drafters of the Rules of Civil Procedure were careful to avoid encrusting this special remedy with time consuming procedure tending to destroy its efficacy. In a recent case, this court refused to allow the pendency of a collateral actión in common pleas court to stay proceedings in Municipal Court in forcible entry and detainer. State, ex rel. Carpenter, v. Court (1980), 61 Ohio St. 2d 208.
Given the summary nature of this proceeding, and recognizing that the crowded dockets common to Municipal Courts in Ohio require use of referees, we find no need to compel strict adherence to Civ. R. 53 governing referees. Rather, the trial court need only comply with the forcible entry and detainer statute provisions requiring a judge, and not the
By similar reasoning, we conclude that Civ. R. 54(B), governing judgments upon multiple claims, is inapplicable to this special proceeding. Commonly, claims to recover possession of real property in forcible entry and detainer are joined with claims for damages for non-payment of rent.
Finding that, under the authority of Civ. R. 1(C), neither Civ. R. 53(E) nor 54(B) are applicable to proceedings in forcible entry and detainer, we reverse the judgment of the Court of Appeals.
Judgment reversed.
R. C. 1923.01 provides, in pertinent part:
R. C. 1901.18 confers jurisdiction on the Municipal Court, and provides in pertinent part:
“Subject to section 1901.17 of the Revised Code, a municipal court has jurisdiction within its territory:
“(A) In any civil action, of whatever nature or remedy, wherein judges of county courts have jurisdiction;
“(H) In any action of forcible entry and detainer;* * *”
R. C. 1923.02(A)(9) authorizes such proceedings “[ajgainst tenants who have breached an obligation imposed upon them by a written rental agreement.” In this case, plaintiff contended that defendant had failed to keep his rental payments current, as required by the rental agreement.
Civ. R. 18 provides for joinder of claims and remedies generally. This rule superseded former R. C. 2309.05(H), which specifically authorized joinder of claims to recover possession of real property in forcible entry and detainer actions with claims for rent, or damages for non-payment thereof.