Case Information
*1
[Cite as
Cuyahoga Cty. Treasurer v. Samara
,
Court of Appeals of Ohio
EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 99977
TREASURER OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY, OHIO PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE vs.
ROBYN SAMARA, ET AL.
DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS JUDGMENT:
AFFIRMED Civil Appeal from the
Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CV-12-773761
BEFORE: Kilbane, J., Rocco, P.J., and E.T. Gallagher, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: July 3, 2014 *2 APPELLANT
Robyn Samara, pro se
2106 W. 93rd Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44102
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Timothy J. McGinty
Cuyahoga County Prosecutor
Adam D. Jutte
Anthony J. Giunta
Michael A. Kenny
Colleen Majeski
Judith Miles
Gregory Rowinski
Assistant County Prosecutors
The Justice Center - 9th Floor
1200 Ontario Street
Cleveland, Ohio 44113
MARY EILEEN KILBANE, J.:
{¶1} Defendant-appellant, Robyn Samara (“Samara”), appeals from a decree of foreclosure arising from a 2009 delinquent land certificate. Having reviewed the record and pertinent law, we affirm the trial court’s decision. On September 23, 2009, the Cuyahoga County auditor issued a delinquent
land certificate in the amount of $3,946.72 for Samara’s property located at 2104 West 93rd Street in Cleveland. A preliminary judicial report filed on November 5, 2011, states that, according to the Cuyahoga County treasurer’s tax duplicate for the second half of 2010, $10,001.41 plus penalty is due and payable. In addition, there is a mortgage in the amount of $22,573 upon the parcel, and three judgment liens in the amounts of $4,674.50, $1,756.46, and $3,268.72. [1] On January 18, 2012, the treasurer filed a complaint for collection of
$3,946.72 in delinquent taxes against Samara and named others having interests in the parcel. Samara chose to represent herself in the matter and for her answer, demanded proof of the county’s claim. In addition, she created a variety of documents that she deemed to be a “presentment for value” or satisfaction of the tax delinquency. On June 20, 2012, Samara filed a “debt forgiveness voucher,” which she described in oral argument as a type of document she creates to satisfy her various debts; however, to date, the voucher has not been accepted as lawful payment of any debt.
*4 {¶4} The matter proceeded to a tax hearing on June 21, 2012. On August 24, 2012, the trial court issued the following two orders:
Tax hearing held by magistrate on 6/21/12. Assistant prosecuting attorneys * * * appeared for plaintiff and defendant-titleholder Robyn Samara appeared on her own behalf. Magistrate finds taxes and other charges due and payable. Decree of foreclosure in favor of Treasurer of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Magistrate[’s] decision to be issued and filed separately. Notice issued.
The magistrate[’s] decision is held in abeyance. As defendant-titleholder[,] Robyn Samara has challenged the tax assessment[.] [P]laintiff must present evidence to prove its claim of tax delinquency and is granted leave * * * to do so. Failure to comply may result in dismissal without prejudice. Notice issued.
{¶5} On September 7, 2012, the treasurer filed the affidavit of Chistopher Neff (“Neff”), the treasurer’s delinquent portfolio manager, who averred that $3,946.72 is due and payable on the parcel in connection with the 2009 delinquent land tax certificate. On September 18, 2012, the magistrate issued a decision finding that $3,946.72 in unpaid taxes, penalties, and assessments is due and payable, that the treasurer has a good and valid first lien on the parcel, and that a decree of foreclosure should issue. Samara did not file objections to the magistrate’s decision, but on
September 28, 2012, she filed a Civ.R. 60(B) motion for relief from judgment and a motion for injunctive relief. On October 1, 2012, she filed a notice of appeal, which was dismissed for lack of a final appealable order. See Treasurer of Cuyahoga Cty. v. Samara , 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 99013 (Oct. 10, 2012). On May 6, 2013, the trial court denied Samara’s motion for relief from
judgment and motion for injunctive relief. On May 9, 2013, the trial court adopted the *5 magistrate’s decision, and on May 13, 2013, the court issued a judgment entry granting foreclosure.
{¶8} Samara appeals and assigns the following five errors for our review:
Assignment of Error One
The trial court committed prejudicial error in granting all judgments pertaining to Treasurer of Cuyahoga County v. Samara , Cuyahoga No. CV-12-773761.
Assignment of Error Two
The trial court committed prejudicial error in not making the proper ruling.
Assignment of Error Three
The trial curt committed prejudicial error in making a ruling when an attorney can’t testify for a party.
Assignment of Error Four
The trial court committed prejudicial error in allowing Plaintiff’s version of proof of claim as acceptable evidence of a debt.
Assignment of Error Five
The rules of procedure were not followed.
Compliance with the Law
In her first, second, and fifth assignments of error, Samara complains the trial court failed to follow the statutory law, the common law, the Ohio Rules of Civil Procedure, and other “duties” in entering the decree of foreclosure. Pursuant to R.C. 323.131(A), property taxes must be paid within one year
from the date they are due. Upon payment, the treasurer shall issue a receipt to the taxpayer. R.C. 323.14. However,
[n]o receipt given by the treasurer for payments made otherwise than in lawful money or the notes specified in section 321.13 of the Revised Code shall be valid, unless the moneys represented by such payment are received into the county treasury or a county depository.
Id . Pursuant to R.C. 323.25, when property taxes “are not paid within sixty
days after delivery of the delinquent land duplicate to the county treasurer * * *, the county treasurer shall enforce the lien for the taxes by civil action.” See also R.C. 5721.10; R.C. 5721.18.
{¶12} It is sufficient for the county treasurer to allege the amount of the taxes and that the taxes are unpaid. R.C. 323.26. A certified copy of the entry on the tax duplicate shall be prima facie evidence of such allegations and the validity of the taxes. Id . See also R.C. 5721.18(B)(3), which states:
[T]he certificate or master list filed by the auditor with the prosecuting attorney shall be prima-facie evidence of the amount and validity of the taxes, assessments, charges, penalties, and interest appearing due and unpaid on the parcel to which the certificate or master list relates and their nonpayment. Pursuant to R.C. 323.25, R.C. 323.28, and R.C. 5721.18, if the property is
not redeemed, the court shall render findings regarding the taxes, assessments, penalties, interest, and charges due and payable that will be payable at the time the deed of the property is transferred to the purchaser or transferee.
{¶14}
Moreover, tax foreclosure actions are in rem proceedings, and thus operate
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on the land itself and not on the title of the one in whose name the property is listed for
taxation.
Lorain Cty. Treasurer v. Schultz
, 9th Dist. Lorain No. 08CA009487,
certificate was issued for Samara’s parcel in the amount of $3,946.72. The affidavit of Neff also established that $3,946.72 is due and payable on the parcel. Samara maintains, however, that since creditors may not force a debtor to
use a particular form of payment, the county is required to accept her self-created “presentment for value.” Samara additionally asserts that the debt has been discharged because the county received these documents and did not return them or dishonor them as payment. The documents that Samara created as a “presentment for value” in
satisfaction of the tax delinquency and her self-created “debt forgiveness voucher” are not currency or legal tender, as congress has exclusive constitutional power to coin and regulate currency and has specified that currency is payable only in legal tender. See Sanders v. Freeman , 221 F.3d 846, 856 (6th Cir.2000); In re Goodrich , 7 B.R. 590 (S.D.Ohio 1980).
{¶18}
In addition, the documents that Samara created as a “presentment for value”
in satisfaction of the tax delinquency and her self-created “debt forgiveness voucher” are
not negotiable instruments, so there has been no presentment, acceptance, or discharge of
the debt under the terms of Article Three of the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted
in Ohio. As explained in
Mohammad v. Awadallah
, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 97590,
{¶20} In addition, Samara has not demonstrated her claim that the requirements of the Ohio Civil Rules were not met in this matter.
{¶21} The first, second, and fifth assignments of error are without merit. Amount of Debt
{¶22} For Samara’s third and fourth assignments of error, she asserts that the trial court erred in determining the amount of the tax delinquency. The certificate of delinquency filed by the auditor with the prosecuting
attorney is prima facie evidence of the amount and validity of the taxes and of their
nonpayment.
Rokakis v. Western Reserve Leasing Co.
, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 95058,
{¶24} Accordingly, the third and fourth assignments of error are without merit. {¶25} The judgment is affirmed.
It is ordered that appellee recover from appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate be sent to said court to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
MARY EILEEN KILBANE, JUDGE
KENNETH A. ROCCO, P.J., and
EILEEN T. GALLAGHER, J., CONCUR
Notes
[1] On May 21, 2012, the treasurer submitted an endorsement to the preliminary judicial report that indicated that the lien in the amount of $4,674.50 was satisfied.