168 Mich. 623 | Mich. | 1912
This is an action of assumpsit to recover certain commissions claimed to be due the plaintiff from the defendants in effecting an agreement for an exchange of real estate. The defendants are husband and wife. The lands which the plaintiff claims he was to dispose of for the defendants belonged to Mildred E. Ross, and were located in St. Clair county. The parties to this suit all resided in Ann Arbor, where the defendant George A. Ross was a student in the University of Michigan.
It is the claim of the plaintiff that the lands to be disposed of for the defendants were of the value of $11,000, and that his commission for effecting an exchange was to
“This contract made between Mildred F. Ross, of Ann Arbor, Mich., party pf the first part, and Frank O. Youngs, of Toledo, Ohio, party of the second part, on October 11, 1908, to bind both first and second parties in the sale of certain prescribed lands in. Michigan, St. Clair County, Lynn township, owned by party of the first part. East half southwest quarter section 20-9-13, 80 acres. Southeast quarter, section 20-8-13, 160 acres. East half northwest quarter, section 20-8-13, 80 acres. West half of west quarter, section 20-8-13, 80 acres. Northwest quarter, section 32-8-13, 160 acres. Five hundred sixty acres more or less. Party of the first part agrees to surrender abstracts for above described lands for the consideration of the following pieces or parcels of land, and the sum herein described on condition also to be described. One house and lot 160 Potter’s addition. No. 440 St. Louis St., Toledo, Ohio. Encumbrance of $500 (five hundred dollars). Northwest quarter, section 19, range 9, twp. 7, Swanton twp. Northeast quarter, section 19, range 9, twp. 7, Swanton twp. Eighty acres more or less. One hundred and fifty $150 enc. Second party agrees to surrender all abstracts and titles for both properties and in addition the sum of $3,650.00, three thousand six hundred and fifty dollars. The transfer to be made under the following conditions. To take place April 1, 1909 or thereabouts. First party agrees to let the money $3,650.00 three thousand six hundred and fifty and 00-100 on notes secured by mtg. at 5 per cent, interest one thousand dollar $1,000 notes. To read payable on or before three years*626 from date, April 1, 1909, second party must then pay at this time (three years) at the rate of one thousand dollars or more each year until fully paid. Then seed and labor to be settled by the vacator.
“E. O. Youngs.
“Mildred F. Ross.
“ Per G. A. Ross.”
The declaration in the case consisted of three counts. In the first count the material allegations are, in substance, that the defendants employed the plaintiff to procure a purchaser for, or to negotiate an exchange of, certain lands belonging to defendant Mildred E. Ross, and promised to pay him therefor $220; that, in consideration thereof, the plaintiff did procure such purchaser, and did negotiate a sale and exchange of said property for certain lands in the State of Ohio belonging to one Mina Youngs; and that defendants are indebted to plaintiff for said commissions. In the second count the material allegations are the same as those contained in the first count, except that, in addition, defendant George A. Ross is alleged to be the husband and agent of the defendant Mildred E. Ross, and that defendants promised to pay plaintiff for his services the usual and customary commissions in such cases, the same being 2 per cent, upon $11,000, the agreed valuation of the property to be exchanged. The third count is in the usual form of the consolidated common counts in assumpsit.
To this declaration the defendants pleaded the general issue, and gave notice thereunder that if plaintiff acted as agent or broker of defendants, or either of them, for the sale or exchange of any property, the efforts of plaintiff amounted to nothing more than the making of the contract between E. O. Youngs and said defendants, or one of them, and that said contract was made on Sunday, October 11, 1908, and was therefore wholly void, and that the same was never thereafter ratified or affirmed by either of said defendants, that Mildred E. Ross was a married woman, and that said contract was not made in respect to
There is great conflict in the testimony, the parties being far apart in their claims as to what the real transaction was between them. The plaintiff has brought the case into this court and has assigned numerous errors; a part of them only being discussed by appellant.
The following testimony in the examination of the defendant George A. Ross, in his own behalf, is made the basis of the third, fifth, and seventh assignments of error:
“Q. At the time that you drew up this memorandum or agreement (being the agreement heretofore set forth), did you understand that you were making an agreement upon which final action was to be taken, that you were making something that was final and binding upon both parties ?
“Mr. Stivers: I object; that is calling for a conclusion. What was done is competent, and not what was in his mind, what his understanding was.
“Mr. Brown: I don’t want his opinion, but what he intended.
“Q. Was it understood between you that you were ultimately going to trade places on the basis of that memorandum ?
“Mr. Stivers: Witness can testify to what was said and done, but not to any understanding about it.
“ The Court: There may be some doubt about it. I am disposed to allow him to state whether he regarded that as the terms upon which they were to deal. I think he may answer.
“ (Exception for plaintiff.)
“Q. Did you understand at that time that this little memorandum consisted of all the terms upon which you were to exchange your properties ?
“Mr. Stivers: The same objection. It is incompetent and immaterial.
*628 “Q. Did it contain the elements of the transfer ?
“A. No.
“Mr. Stivers: I move to strike out the answer because it is a conclusion of the witness and is not the best evidence of what happened there.
“The Court: I think he may state the entire transaction, and, if it was not all embodied in the writing, he can show what was left out.
“(Exception for plaintiff.)
He**********
“Q. Did the time ever come in your negotiations with Mr. Youngs when you and Mr. Youngs were agreed upon the terms of the transfer ?
“Mr. Stivers: The same objection. That is a conclusion for the court and jury. I have no objection to any conversation or transaction, but I do object to the conclusion of the witness.
“The Court: I think he can state whether they ever reached an agreement.
“A. No; we never reached a final agreement.
“Q. Did Mr. Youngs and Mrs. Ross and her mother ever come to a final agreement about the transfer of that property ?
“(The same objection and ruling as above.)
“A. No, sir.
“Q. In this letter of January 17, 1909, what does he mean when he (Youngs) says he is glad to know you are not willing to foreclose on the tenant ?
“Mr. Stivers: I object. It is incompetent, immaterial, and irrelevant.
“The Court: He can state what he had reference to.
“(Exception for plaintiff.)
“Q. What had he reference to ?
“A. Mrs. Ross holds a mortgage of I think $270.
“Q. On his personal property ?
“A. Yes.”
This related to a mortgage held by Mrs. Ross upon some personal property of the tenant in possession of some of Mrs. Ross’ lands in question.
“Q. I ask you again whether you and Mr. Youngs ever came to a final agreement about that trade and exchange of these parcels ?
“A. No; we did not.
“Mr. Stivers: I object. It is immaterial, and calls*629 for a conclusion. It has been gone over once. I move to strike out the answer.
“ The Court: I deny the motion.
“ (Exception for plaintiff.)”
The following testimony is made the basis of the fourth assignment of error. It appears in the testimony of the same witness in which he is testifying of the plaintiff, as follows:
“All he was doing was puttering around on a 10-acre lot up there, and he was not doing much of anything that I could see, so I figured up what his expenses would be, and it came to approximately $10 even for the day he went down to Toledo on his own business, as he reported to me that day he went up to Imlay City, and Sunday he went to Toledo again. I figured that about $5 a day, that made $35. I deposited $35 in the bank, and notified Mr. Stivers if Mr. Crane wished to accept it that it was there for him, but he refused it.
“Q. That was after the suit had been commenced ?
"A. Yes.
“Q. And you did that for the purpose of compromising the matter?
“A. Certainly.
“Q. You expected if he took that, it would prevent litigation, did you ?
“Mr. Stivers: That calls for a conclusion.
“The Court: He can state why he made the tender.
“Q. You gave him a written.notice at that time, didn’t you ?
“A. Yes.#
“ Q. And in that written notice you stated in terms what it was for ?
“A. Yes, sir.
“Mr. Brown: Will you give us that written notice ?
“A. I gave that money to Mr. Brown, and he put it in the bank and sent notice to Mr. Stivers.
“Mr. Stivers: I object to any further testimony oh that. It is immaterial.
“(Objection overruled. Exception for plaintiff.)
“Q. I show you paper marked ‘Exhibit D,’and ask whether that is the notice ?
“A. Yes, sir.
“Mr. Brown: I offer that in evidence.
“Mr. Stivers: I object. It is incompetent and imma*630 terial, and a transaction that occurred after the commencement , of suit and was an effort to compromise, and it is not competent. I withdraw the statement that suit had been commenced, but I object upon the ground that it was an effort at compromise, and as not tending to prove or disprove the claim of the plaintiff.”
Exhibit D was read against the objection. Exception for plaintiff. Exhibit D was as follows:
“Ann Arbor, Mich., January 29, 1909.
“To Mr. Frank A. Stivers:
“ Dear Sir:
“In the matter of the claim of George Crane against George Ross, I have to inform you that Mr. Ross has caused to be delivered to Michael J. Fritz, a check for the sum of $25.00, to be delivered to you as attorney for Mr. Crane, or to Mr. Crane himself, when either of you deliver to him a receipt in full of all demands against Mr. Ross or any of his family. Mr. Ross does not recognize any claim of Mr. Crane in making this tender, but does so with the view to avoid any trouble with Mr. Crane.
“ Truly yours,
“ Horatio J. Abbott,
“For Mr. Ross and Family.”
The following testimony of defendant George A. Ross upon his direct examination is made the basis of the sixth assignment of error:
“Q. Something was said about the title to that property up there that you speak of. Is the property that you referred to up in the northern part of the State free from incumbrance, or is it heavily mortgaged ?
“Mr. Stivers: I object. It is immaterial.
“ The Court: Is that important ?
“Mr. Brown: Yes. They have brought out that there was a vast amount of property up there. That was to get before the jury, and give the impression that these people were wealthy, and it is to counteract that.
“Mr. Stivers: I take exception to that.
“The Court: We will take the answer.
“(Exception for plaintiff.)
“A. It is heavily incumbered. Mrs. Ross has all the details of it. I know it amounts to thousands of dollars, something like $10,000. I do not know the exact figures.”
The ninth and eleventh assignments of error are to the effect that the court erred in directing a verdict for defendant Mildred E. Ross.
The only remaining assignments of error argued by counsel for appellant in his brief are the ninth and eleventh, which relate to the direction of the verdict for the defendant Mildred E. Ross. After a careful reading of this record, we have reached the conclusion that there was evidence tending to show that defendant Mildred E. Ross had knowledge of the agreement between George A. Ross, her husband, and the plaintiff relating to the sale or exchange of her property, and that she acquiesced therein, and that her husband had assumed to act for her respecting her property, with her knowledge and consent. The evidence was undisputed that she knew of the making of the Toledo contract, and that her husband had shown her a copy of it. This being so, we are of opinion that the court erred in directing a verdict in her favor. The case should have been submitted to the jury as to both defendants.
For the errors pointed out, the judgment of the circuit court is reversed, and a new trial granted.