131 Ky. 650 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1909
Opinion of the Court by
'Affirming.
A. D. Cornell died intestate some1 five years since, leaving a widow, Nettie E. Cornell, appellant, and two children, James H. and William B. Cornell, each under seven years of age. He owned an undivided interest in two tracts of land, one in Nelson and one in Bullitt county, Kentucky. A short time after his death1, by proper proceedings in the Nelson county court, the lands were partitioned and deeds made which conveyed to his widow and children 137 19-20 acres in Nelson county, and 79 acres near Mt. Washington, in Bullitt county, in both of which the widow
The two children named were five and seven years of age, and each of them was made a defendant to the petition. It was alleged in the petition that their
Prior to the year 1882, at which time the Code was amended, this would have been necessary, for then the Code required the service of the summons on the-children, regardless of their age, bnt since then it is. not required to serve the summons on the children when they are under 14 years of age. The General Assembly at that time recognized the ntter helplessness and inability of a child nnder that age to reason and" look after its own interest; that it was a waste of money to require summonses and copies to be issued and served upon them; therefore it required that when those named in section 52 of the Civil Code of Practice, who might he served with summons for
In our opinion, the act of the clerk in this case, under the provision of the Code referred to, in the appointment of S. 6. Fulton as guardian ad litem for the children, operated to make him, for the purpose named, a defendant to the action to represent the interest of these infants. The form of the summons issued "by the clerk was an improvement on the old form, or the one claimed by appellees. The summons as issued, on the face of it, gave the sheriff information of his lawful duty. Under the old form he would have had to make inquiry on the outside to ascertain whether the children had a father, mother, guardian, or a personal representative on whbxn he might serve the process. We are therefore of the opinion that the court erred in setting aside the sale for the reason stated.
We are compelled, however, to affirm the judgment of the lower court, because the bond required by section 493 of the Civil Code of Practice was not executed to the infants before the sale was ordered. By subdivision 3 of section 493, it is provided that, if the bond be not given, any order of sale, and any sale or conveyance made under such order, shall he absolutely void and of no effect. The parties must have thought that this sale was governed by section 491 of the Civil Code of Practice, which provides for a sale of,real estate in an equitable action by the owner of the particular estate, or freeholder in possession, against the owner of the reversion or remainder. The authority to sell infants ’ land in. such cases as this is found in subsection 5 of section 489 of the Civil Code
The case of Hicks, etc., v. Jackson, etc., 68 S. W. 419, 24 Ky. Law Rep. 218, is one precisely like the case at bar. In that case the court said: “This proceeding must have been, as stated, under subsection 5 of section 489, for no other semblance of statutory authority for it is found, nor does it conform to the requirements of that section, and others that must be read in connection with it. The action is permitted by the statutory guardian only of the infants. He is compelled to execute the customary bond required of all guardians before acting» This bond may afford some protection to 'the infants against his unauthorized conduct, if any. The bond required by section 493 of the Civil Code to be executed by the guardian of each infant before the sale is ordered was not executed in this case, nor attempted to be. Subsection 3 of section 493 provides: ‘If the bond be not given, any order of sale, and any sale or conveyance made under such order, shall be absolutely void and of no effect! ” See Malone v. Conn, 95 Ky. 93, 23 S. W. 677, 15 Ky. Law Rep. 421.
Pox these reasons, the judgment of the lower court is affirmed.