40 Iowa 444 | Iowa | 1875
Lead Opinion
Our statute provides that “all contracts with teachers shall be in writing, specifying the length of time the school'is to be taught in weeks; and such other.matters as may be agreed upon; • and shall be signed by the sub-director and teacher, and be approved and filed with the president, before the teacher, enters upon the discharge of his duties.” Section 51, School Laws of 1872. The power to ratify a contract which failed to conform to the provisions of this section, was affirmed in- the case of Athearn v. The Independent School
REVERSED.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting. — I. Section 51 of Chapter 172, Acts Ninth Grenl. Ass., providing for a system of common schools, prescribes that “ All contracts with teachers shall be in writing; * * * * * and shall be signed by the sub-director and teacher and be approved and filed with the president before the teacher enters upon the discharge of his duty.” This provision prescribes the mode in which a school district organized and existing under the laws of the state shall bind itself by contract for the employment of a teacher. The rule of law is, if the statute prescribes the mode in which a corporation shall contract, neither the corporation nor the party dealing with it is bound by a contract made in any other mode. Head & Amory v. The Providence Ins. Co., 2 Cranch, 127; Angel and Ames on Corporations, §§ 253, 253a; .Dillon on Municipal Corporations, § 373, and authorities cited.
The statute above cited requires contracts made by school districts with teachers to be in writing and to be signed by the school officer and by the teacher.
II. It is also claimed in the foregoing opinion that defendant is bound by the contract because its act of paying the plaintiff for the time he served and permitting him to teach, ratifies the contract. In support of this position Athearn v.
In the case before us the contract is not in writing. The defendant is forbidden by law to bind itself in that manner. If it should be held that defendant may ratify the contract, it may thus contract in a manner not authorized by the statute. If the ratification he effective, it is of a verbal contract, which defendant cannot make. Certainly the ratification, as it is called, can give to defendant no new powers. It had .no power to make a verbal contract; the power to do this is not created by the act called ratification. The verbal contract, hot being such as the law authorizes defendant to make, is not binding — is a nullity. The act, which it is claimed makes it valid, must have the effect to create or confer power if the contract is thereby valid. This cannot be claimed.
In Athearn v. Ind. Dist. of Millersburg we held that a school district may ratify a contract in writing which it has power to make but is defectively executed. In this case we hold that it cannot, by its acts, ratify a verbal contract which it is forbidden to make. The distinctions in the principles involved and the facts of the cases are obvious.
III. The contract, not being in writing, does not bind the teacher, for the simple reason that it is not such a contract in form as defendant is empowered by law to' make. The
For the reasons thus briefly given, I dissent from the conclusion reached by the majority of the court in the foregoing opinion.