58 Conn. 552 | Conn. | 1890
The plaintiff is the widow of Henry
Connelly became a member of the defendant association in 1880. At that time he was a member in good standing of the Baltic Lodge, No. 284, Free and Accepted Masons of the City of Brooklyn, New York. Membership in good standing in some masonic lodge was a condition to admission into, and to the continuance of membership in, the defendant association. One of the by-laws of the defendant provides that “any member of this association who shall forfeit the benefit of his lodge by non-payment of dues shall forfeit all rights to benefits in this association; and any member suspended or expelled from his lodge, or who shall stand lion-affiliated for one year, shall forfeit his membership in this association.”
By a vote of Baltic Lodge, at a meeting held on the 11th day of October, 1882, Connelly was regularly suspended or unaffiliated for non-payment of dues. The defendant’s pleadings show no other reason why he was not a member in its association at the time of his death than his non-affiliation in Baltic Lodge as shown by its vote. By another vote of Baltic Lodge, passed on the first day of December, 1888, the name of Henry M. Connelly was restored to the rolls of the lodge as of the day of his alleged suspension. The contention of the plaintiff is, that the effect of the last vote is to render the former one void and as though it had never been passed. If the contention is right then she is entitled to recover the two thousand dollars; otherwise not.
By the laws of masonry, Baltic Lodge, while it had the government of its own members and, the power to discipline them, is itself subject to the Grand Lodge of the district in which it exists, and to the constitution and statute laws of such Grand Lodge. Section forty-six, article twenty-four, of the constitution of the Grand Lodge of the district
Eustace H. Wheeler, district deputy grand master of said district, having in the fall of 1888 investigated the circumstances under which Connelly was suspended as aforesaid, on or about November first of that year declared his unaffiliation or suspension void upon the ground that the summons used by the Baltic Lodge did not conform to the requirements of the Grand Lodge, and ordered his name to be restored to the rolls of the Baltic Lodge as of the date of his alleged suspension; and the decision of the deputy grand master was affirmed by the grand master of the state of New York. In accordance with said decision and order Baltic Lodge on the first day of December following voted “ that the name of said Henry M. Connelly be restored to
The facts so set forth in the finding indicate that the masonic organization has a due and orderly system of laws and rules, enacted by itself and enforced by its own agencies, in accordance with which membership in any lodge is acquired, continued, suspended or lost; and that all questions of membership, or non-membership or of good standing in any lodge, or of affiliation or non-affiliation, are by these laws and rules within the jurisdiction of their own officers, and that when any such question has been passed upon by their own tribunals, subordinate and appellate, the decision is conclusive and binding upon all masons; and that according to these laws and rules, an apparent non-affiliation of any member having been declared to be void by the proper appellate authorities and having been revoked by tire lodge of which he was a member, and his name restored to its rolls as of the date of his alleged suspension, he would be all the time a member in good standing of the lodge.
The defendant association contracted with Connelly on the basis that he was a mason and that he should remain a mason. It would have been easy for the defendant and Connelly to have agreed upon some method by which the question of his being or remaining a mason should be decided so as to be binding upon them both. In the absence of any agreement in what way his membership in some masonic lodge was to be proved, or how his continuing to be a mason in good standing was to be shown, we should naturally infer that these questions were to be decided by the masonic tribunals. There is no other authority by which these questions could be decided. And it appears that this is just what the defendant did. When Connelly applied to become a member of the defendant association, they asked for and received a certificate signed by an officer of Baltic Lodge that he was a mason. They accepted that as conclusive and admitted him to membership in the association. When Connelly died they asked for a certificate to be signed by the secretary of Baltic Lodge that he continued to be a
The decisions of any kind of a voluntary society or association, in admitting members, and in disciplining, suspending or expelling them, are of a quasi judicial character. In such cases the courts never interfere except to ascertain whether or not the proceeding was pursuant to the rules and laws of the society; whether or not the proceeding was in good faith; and whether or not there was anything in the proceeding in violation of the laws of the land. If it is found that the proceeding was had fairly, in good faith and pursuant to its own laws, and that there was nothing in it in violation of any law of the land, then the sentence is conclusive like that of a judicial tribunal. Whitney v. Brooklyn Eccl. So., 5 Conn., 405; Gibbs v. Gilead Eccl. So., 38 id., 153; Otto v. Journeymen Tailors' Union, 75 Cal., 308; Com. ex rel. Bryan v. Pike Beneficial So., 8 Watts & Serg., 250; Anacosta Tribe v. Murback, 13 Md., 91; People ex rel. Rice v. Board of Trade, 80 Ill., 134; Robinson v. Yates City Lodge, 86 id., 598; White v. Brownell, 3 Abb. Pr. R., N. S., 318.
Connelly’s name was stricken from the rolls and he was rendered unaffiliated by a vote of Baltic Lodge for the “ nonpayment of dues only.” In such a case it was within the jurisdiction of the deputy grand master Wheeler, and it was his duty to determine whether such striking from the rolls
It is objected to the decision of the deputy grand master that it was not made till after Connelly died. His death produced no change in the rights of the plaintiff to have the unaffiliation set aside if it was illegal. Possibly she had no right to ask for such reversal until his death. It would seem reasonable therefore that her right to procure such reversal ought not to abate by his death. Marck v. Supreme Lodge of Knights of Honor, 29 Fed. Rep., 896; Lazenzky v. Same, 31 Fed. Rep., 592. A copy 'of the summons used by the Baltic Lodge in Connelly’s case is shown in the finding. It is claimed that the decision of deputy grand master Wheeler, that the summons did not conform to the requirements of the Grand Lodge, is not supported thereby. That objection is not open to us. It being found that the deputy grand master had jurisdiction to act in the matter, his decision, upon a question of fact involved in the case, is not open to review by a court of law. Chase v. Cheney, 58 Ill., 509; Walker v. Wainwright, 16 Barb., 486.
There is error in the judgment appealed from, the plaintiff on the facts found being entitled to recover the two thousand dollars.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.