162 Mo. App. 76 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1911
Lead Opinion
An association was incorporated in 1888 under the name of Compton Hill Improvement Company, which appears to have been formed and incorporated for the purpose of acquiring, laying out, and improving a certain tract of land in the city of St. Louis, the subdivision known as “Compton Heights.” A plat of the subdivision was filed in which a building line is marked as being thirty feet from the'front of the lot. The association was incorporated for ten years. After laying off this subdivision it was improved by the construction of streets, alleys, pavements, sewers, lights, etc. At the end of its corporate term, that is, the 1st of June, 1898-, the members of the company took out a new certificate of incorporation under the same name as that of the old one. A part of the plan for the improvement and maintenance of Compton Heights was the maintenance of the building line as above and the imposition upon each lot sold in the subdivision of conditions and restrictions in the use of the lots for the common benefit of all owners of lots in the subdivision, such as the cost of the buildings, their use and occupancy exclusively as dwellings, etc. It also appears that the
The- defendant, appellant here, acquired a lot in Oompton Heights, known as lot 3, in block 8 of Compton Heights, and in city block 1306, of the city of St. Louis, the deed of date October 16, 1907. The deed to appellant refers to the lot as the same property acquired by appellant’s grantor from the Compton Hill Improvement Company, by deed dated December 18, 1893, and recorded in the office of the recorder of deeds in book 1195, at page 221, and then continues, “to the building restrictions and easement in which said deed contained and set forth this conveyance is made subject.” After acquiring this lot appellant proceeded to erect a building on it and it was in course of erection in July, 1908, when on the 20th of that month one of the plaintiffs addressed him a letter, in which letter this plaintiff informed appellant that he was told that appellant was building on Russell, east of Oompton, and that he contemplated putting a porch in front, contrary to restrictions and the writer expressed the hope, as an owner in the block and as vice-president of the Compton Hill Improvement Company, that that was not the case, and that if the porch was being put on by anyone it would lead to litigation and that the one now there should be removed. The letter also suggested that defendant examine his deed and he would see that the writer was correct. Plaintiff testified that at the time he received that letter, he had not been informed or warned by anybody that the porch that he was erecting in front of his residence was in violation of the restrictions; that he had seen porches on other buildings in the addition that had been constructed prior to this time and that when he received ■this letter all that was necessary to complete the porch was to put on the slate roof; that his house stood
Defendant refusing to remove the roof and columns supporting it from the porch, this action was instituted by the Compton Hill Improvement Company and a number of owners of lots in that subdivision. Praying for an injunction restraining- defendant from erecting or completing the porch or portico, and from maintaining it or any encroachment whatever upon the space between the building line and the street, the plaintiffs also prayed that the court, upon the hearing of the cause, by its decree and mandatory injunction would command or compel defendant to remove the porch or portico and every part thereof, so far as the same or any part of it encroached upon the eight foot space, and would perpetually enjoin and restrain defendant from at any time constructing or maintaining the porch, portico or other encroachment upon that space, and for general relief.
Defendant answered this by a general denial and by the further special plea that all the improvements upon the lots in the Compton Heights subdivision have not been made in conformity with the restrictions set forth and referred to in the petition. Defendant admits that he is the owner of the lot but further denies that it is subject to the restrictions set forth and referred to in the petition. As a further defense and answer, defendant denies that the plaintiffs or either of them in any manner notified him that his structure was in violation of the restrictions prior to the erecr tion and completion thereof but alleges that the cover for the platform in front of the main door was erected
The reply was a general denial, and at the conclusion of the testimony the court, after taking the cause under advisement, entered a finding in favor of plaintiffs in which it is recited, among other things, that the porch or portico as erected or placed by defendant upon and over the steps and platform in front of the main door of his building, extends over the building line. and is in violation of the restrictions to which that lot and the lots owned by plaintiffs are subject. Whereupon the court ordered, adjudged and decreed
After interposing a motion for new trial and saving exception to the overruling thereof, defendant duly appealed to this court.
It may be said of the evidence that it shows that some parties in this subdivision, possibly even some of the plaintiffs, had violated the restrictions in the erection of covered porches or porticoes in front of their buildings, but- the evidence not only failed to show an abandonment of the general plan by the Compton Hill Improvement Company and others of the plaintiffs and'other owners of lots in the subdivision, but on the contrary showed that as far as possible that plan of improvement of Compton Heights was still carried out and insisted on and that houses and residences in it were generally built and maintained substantially in compliance with that plan. There was evidence from which the learned trial court was amply justified in finding that there had been no such abandonment of the original plan of improvement as to show that the conditions and restrictions had become inoperative. It is true that the Court of Appeals of New York has held in Trustees of Columbia College v. Thacher, 87 N. Y. 311, to which case we are referred, that when the restrictions of-a district
Learned counsel for appellant insist that one of the plaintiffs has himself violated the restrictions. That plaintiff practically admitted this but stated that he did so under no claim of right and on any objection being made stood ready to remove the obstructions. That is, he distinctly recognizes the restrictions as in force. If he was the only plaintiff complaining of a violation of the restrictions, it might be, as argued by counsel, that he could not maintain this suit. He would not have been one who had washed his hands before suing, nor have come into court with clean hands. But the corporation and, so far as the evidence shows, other plaintiffs, and certainly other lot owners, were under no such disability.
Counsel argue that appellant is not bound by the restrictions in the deed from the Compton Hill Improvement Compan}?- to his grantor. That position cannot be maintained. His deed specifically refers to that of his grantor and he therefore took with constructive,
It is argued by the learned counsel for appellant that appellant had no notice that the porch as constructed was in violation of the restrictions of his deed or objectionable, prior to its completion. His own deed and the deed of his'grantor, who took directly from the association, contain all the notice that the law required appellant to have.
It is further urged by this same counsel that the erection having been made before notice to defendant and before the commencement of this suit, injunction will not lie; that injunction is a preventive remedy alone. It is true that an injunction will not generally lie for past injuries. But, says that well known and recognized authority, Mr. High, “While the jurisdiction of a court of equity by way of mandatory injunction is rarely exercised, and while its existence has even been questioned, it is'nevertheless too firmly established to admit'of doubt.” [1 High on Injunctions (4 Ed.), sec. 2.] Its use is proper, says the same author (section 1150’), in restraining one from permitting any parts of a building which have been erected contrary to restrictions, to remain. Nor in such cases is it essential that .the plaintiff show actual damage resulting from the breach of a restriction as to a building line, it being proper in such cases to grant the injunction in a mandatory form, requiring not only that the defendant shall in the future desist from persisting in a violation of the restriction, but that he shall remove the encroachment upon the line before then made. [2 High on Injunctions (4 Ed.), sec. 1158.]
Mandatory injunctions in cases such as this now before us have been recognized by our court in Meriwether v. Joy, 85 Mo. App. 634, and in St. Louis Safe Deposit & Savings Bank v. Kennett’s Estate, 101 Mo., App. 370, 74 S. W. 474; Spahr v. Cape, 143 Mo. App.
Finally, it is contended that these restrictions are void, invalid and of no effect, are uncertain, vague and indefinite and without uniformity and are contrary to public policy. The evidence does not sustain the claim as to lack of uniformity. A few sporadic instances of the violation of the restrictions, which violations have not been attacked, do not, in themselves, furnish conclusive evidence of an abandonment of the plan. They are neither uncertain, vague nor indefinite and are uniform over the block in which defendant’s lot lies. It does appear that there are some variations among the blocks as to the value of the improvements to be made, but this is immaterial. We have held in many cases that restrictions of this kind, as long as they are reasonable and do not unduly impinge upon the right of alienation, and are assented to by the parties, are neither void nor contrary to public policy. [See Spahr v. Cape, supra; Noel v. Hill, 158 Mo. App. 426, 138 S. W. 364; Fete v. Foerstel, supra, to which we refer for collation of cases illustrating this.]
The judgment of the circuit court is affirmed.
Rehearing
ON MOTION FOR REHEARING.
PER CURIAM. — In the motion for rehearing counsel for appellant complains that we have overlooked the point which they claim was the principal one in this case as well as in that of Compton Hill Improvement Company et al. v. Mary J. Garvey et al., that the porch which is ordered to be removed and against the construction of which the injunction went was not contrary to the restrictions in the deeds. We did not notice that in so many words as we thought the statement of the case covered it. The building restriction, in terms, permits steps and a platform in