COMMONWEALTH of Pennsylvania, Appellee v. Michael SERRANO, Appellant
No. 204 WDA 2016
Superior Court of Pennsylvania.
Submitted September 6, 2016 Filed November 15, 2016
150 A.3d 470
“[W]here an appellate brief fails to provide any discussion of a claim with citation to relevant authority or fails to develop the issue in any other meaningful fashion capable of review, that claim is waived.” McEwing v. Lititz Mut. Ins. Co., 77 A.3d 639, 647 (Pa. Super. 2013), quoting Umbelina v. Adams, 34 A.3d 151, 161 (Pa. Super. 2011). Here, Galinac‘s one-and-a-half-page argument begins with conclusory statements regarding certain funds she claims are owed to her by the Estate. Galinac continues with a block quote from the Orphans’ Court‘s order, and concludes with a recitation of this Court‘s standard of review of a grant of summary judgment. Galinac neither applies any relevant legal authority to the facts of the case nor presents any basis upon which this Court could conclude that the grant of summary judgment was inappropriate. Accordingly, her final claim is waived. See
Pa.R.A.P. 2119 .
Order affirmed. Motion for remand denied.
Richard A. Consiglio, District Attorney, Hollidaysburg, and Christopher J. Schmidt, PA Office of Attorney General, Harrisburg, for Commonwealth, appellee.
BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., LAZARUS, J., and JENKINS, J.
OPINION BY LAZARUS, J.:
Michael Serrano appeals from the judgment of sentence imposed in the Court of Common Pleas of Blair County after a jury found him guilty of various drug trafficking crimes. Upon careful review, we vacate Serrano‘s judgment of sentence and remand for resentencing.
On October 27, 2011, Serrano was convicted of one count each of delivery of a controlled substance,1 possession with intent to deliver a controlled substance (“PWID“),2 conspiracy—PWID,3 and criminal use of a communication facility.4 The Honorable Thomas G. Peoples, Jr., im-
On April 24, 2013, Judge Peoples resentenced Serrano to an aggregate sentence of 26 to 52 years’ imprisonment as follows: for PWID, a term of incarceration of 15 to 30 years; for conspiracy, 7 1/2 to 15 years in prison; and for criminal use of a communications facility, 3 1/2 to 7 years imprisonment. Upon appeal to this Court, Serrano‘s sentence, which included a mandatory minimum sentence for PWID pursuant to
In the interim, Judge Peoples passed away and the case was reassigned to the Honorable Timothy M. Sullivan for resentencing. Judge Sullivan ordered an updated presentence investigation (“PSI“) and, on January 15, 2016, imposed the same sentence Judge Peoples had imposed, but found Serrano to be Recidivism Risk Reduction Incentive5 eligible. Serrano filed post-sentence motions, which the trial court denied by order dated January 29, 2016.
This timely appeal follows, in which Serrano raises the following issues for our review:6
- Whether the sentencing court erred and abused its discretion by failing to consider evidence of [Serrano‘s] rehabilitation while incarcerated, his rehabilitative needs and protection of the public, as set forth in
42 Pa.C.S.A. [§] 9721(b) , which resulted in an excessive sentence? - Whether the sentencing court erred and abused its discretion by relying on the previous sentencing court‘s determination and by not conducting an independent review of the evidence presented at sentencing, as it does not constitute a sufficient reason for imposing sentence?
- Whether the sentencing court erred and abused its discretion by basing Serrano‘s sentence on the seriousness of the offense alone, without taking into account evidence of other relevant sentencing criteria, which does not constitute a sufficient reason for imposing a sentence?
- Whether the sentencing court erred and abused its discretion by imposing consecutive terms of statutory maximum sentences, rather than a standard guideline range sentence, which may result in disparate sentence[s] between co-defendants, since the Commonwealth did not specifically recommend maximum terms and indicated ... Serrano‘s more culpable co-defendant Gene Carter may very well receive a sentence within the standard range of his sentencing guidelines?
Brief of Appellant, at 4-5.
All of Serrano‘s appellate claims challenge the discretionary aspects of his sentence. Such claims do not entitle an appellant to review as a matter of right. Commonwealth v. Swope, 123 A.3d 333, 337 (Pa. Super. 2015). Rather, before this Court can address such discretionary chal-
An appellant challenging the discretionary aspects of his sentence must invoke this Court‘s jurisdiction by satisfying a four-part test: (1) whether appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal, see
Pa.R.A.P. 902 and903 ; (2) whether the issue was properly preserved at sentencing or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence, seePa.R.Crim.P. 720 ; (3) whether appellant‘s brief has a fatal defect,Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f) ; and (4) whether there is a substantial question that the sentence appealed from is not appropriate under the Sentencing Code.
Id., quoting Commonwealth v. Allen, 24 A.3d 1058, 1064 (Pa. Super. 2011).
Here, Serrano filed a post-sentence motion raising his sentencing claims, followed by a timely notice of appeal to this Court. He has also included in his brief a concise statement of reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects of his sentence pursuant to
This Court has previously found a substantial question to be raised where an appellant alleged that the sentencing court: (1) failed to consider relevant sentencing criteria, including the protection of the public, the gravity of the underlying offense and the rehabilitative needs of appellant, see Commonwealth v. Riggs, 63 A.3d 780, 786 (Pa. Super. 2012); (2) failed to consider the defendant‘s individualized needs, see Commonwealth v. Ahmad, 961 A.2d 884, 887 (Pa. Super. 2008); (3) focused solely on the seriousness of the offense in crafting the sentence, see Commonwealth v. Coulverson, 34 A.3d 135, 146 (Pa. Super. 2011); and (4) imposed an excessive aggregate sentence by sentencing consecutively in light of the criminal conduct at issue and where co-defendants were sentenced more leniently, see Commonwealth v. Mastromarino, 2 A.3d 581, 587-89 (Pa. Super. 2010). Accordingly, we find that Serrano has raised substantial questions and will proceed to review the merits of his claims.
We first address Serrano‘s claim that the sentencing court erred and abused its discretion by relying on the previous sentencing court‘s determination and by not conducting an independent review of the evidence presented at sentencing. For the following reasons, we agree that the court abused its discretion and remand, once again, for resentencing.
When a sentence is vacated and the case is remanded to the sentencing court for resentencing, the sentencing judge should start afresh. Commonwealth v. Losch, 369 Pa.Super. 192, 535 A.2d 115 (Pa. Super. 1987). “Reimposing a judgment of sentence should not be a mechanical exercise.” Id. at 122. “Given the important nature of the interests involved, the judge at the second sentencing hearing should reassess the penalty to be imposed on the defendant—especially where defense counsel comes forward with relevant evidence which was not previously available.” Id. at 123. Thus, [appellant‘s] conduct since the prior sentencing hearing is relevant at resentencing. Id. The sentencing judge must take note of this new evidence and reevaluate whether the jail term which [appellant] received is a just and appropriate punishment. Id.
Commonwealth v. Jones, 433 Pa.Super. 266, 640 A.2d 914, 919-20 (1994). These directives are particularly salient where, as here, the resentencing judge did not preside over the defendant‘s previous sentencing proceeding and is not personally famil-
In this case, it is abundantly clear that Judge Sullivan mechanically reimposed the sentence originally handed down by Judge Peoples without making any independent reassessment or reevaluation of the sentencing criteria set forth in the Sentencing Code. Indeed, the court plainly conceded as much:
BY THE COURT: ... I view my role as not to come in here and make an independent judgment upon your case. All right? Judge Peoples is the one who presided over your trial. Judge Peoples is the one who heard all the evidence. Judge Peoples is the one who considered all the evidence that was adduced during the trial and heard the arguments from [counsel] and he imposed sentence as he did. Of course, it was taken up on appeal and remanded. Judge Peoples imposed a substantial sentence the second time around. Again, it was taken up on appeal and remanded back. I don‘t view my role as taking an independent look at the case. I view my role as reviewing the evidence, trying to determine what Judge Peoples, who was the presiding trial judge and the original sentencing judge, what his intention was at the time he imposed sentence. Mr. Serrano, I‘m fully satisfied, practicing before Judge Peoples and knowing Judge Peoples, it was his intention to impose the statutory maximum upon you for each and every one of these counts for which you were convicted. I disagree with the Superior Court with all due respect. I don‘t believe Judge Peoples in any way was swayed by the mandatory minimums that at one time were in place and were overruled by the United States Supreme Court decision in Alleyne. I don‘t think that played any part in Judge Peoples’ decision or his analysis in imposing sentence upon you. I am fully satisfied it was Judge Peoples’ intention to impose the statutory maximum sentence upon you. So, in light of that, I will enter this Sentencing Order.
N.T. Sentencing, 1/15/16, at 20-21 (emphasis added). The order that followed was, essentially, a word-for-word recitation of Judge Peoples’ sentencing order from April 24, 2013.
As the foregoing reveals, at sentencing, Judge Sullivan declined to make any findings of his own demonstrating that Serrano‘s sentence was individualized and “consistent with the protection of the public, the gravity of the offense as it relates to the impact on the life of the victim and on the community, and the rehabilitative needs of the defendant.”
While the court stated that it was in possession of and had reviewed an updated PSI, and while Serrano was given the opportunity to present evidence on his own behalf, we simply cannot ignore the court‘s outright admission that it did not believe its role was to “take an independent look at the case.” N.T. Sentencing, 1/15/16, at 21. It is clear that the court believed that, under the unique circumstances of this case, its obligation was simply to effectuate the intent of the prior sentencing judge. This was not only an abuse of the court‘s discretion, but a complete failure to exercise that discretion.
Accordingly, we are constrained to vacate Serrano‘s judgment of sentence and remand for resentencing. Upon remand, the trial court “should start afresh” and “reassess the penalty to be imposed” on Serrano. Jones, 640 A.2d at 919-20.
Judgment of sentence vacated. Case remanded for resentencing in accordance with the dictates of this opinion.8 Jurisdiction relinquished.
ANNE E. LAZARUS
JUDGE