34 Mass. App. Ct. 131 | Mass. App. Ct. | 1993
Not being content to permit the jury to decide whether the defendant’s testimony was credible, the prosecutor proceeded, on cross-examination, to pummel the defendant with improper questions, creating a toxic effect which, in our view, was not (and probably could not have been) effectively neutralized. Contrast Commonwealth v. Burke, 373 Mass. 569, 573-574 (1977). In light of these improprieties, we are constrained to reverse his convictions and order a new
Without laying any foundation, let alone a proper one (see note 3 infra), the prosecutor went beyond permissible limits of cross-examination and improperly asked questions which could have led the jury to believe that an inference of guilt might be drawn from the failure of the defendant voluntarily to come forward and provide the police and district attorney’s office with statements, hair samples, blood samples, or the underwear he was wearing on the evening in question.
Inquiry suggesting that the defendant had some obligation to come forward voluntarily with an offer to furnish physical evidence to the police or the district attorney’s office after the
The defendant objected to only one of the questions in the impermissible line of inquiry.
So ordered.
Fairness requires us to state that the performance of appellate counsel for the Commonwealth, who also was trial counsel, manifested a high degree of competence and exemplary appellate advocacy.
The prosecutor asked the defendant the following series of questions: “You never gave the police any hair samples?”
“And you never volunteered them, did you?”
“You never volunteered any blood samples either, did you?”
“And you never turned over [to the police] the underwear you were wearing that night . . . ?”
“Even though you know you’ve done nothing wrong, sir, you did nothing to assist the police at all in this case, did you?”
As to the inquiry regarding hair and blood samples, the Commonwealth concedes, as it well should, that those questions “may have been inappropriate given the lack of foundation in establishing that such samples had been requested by the police . . . .”
That there was an objection only to the final improper question in the series is understandable as a reasonable and necessary tactical decision by defense counsel not to give the impression that the defendant was trying to conceal something. In any event, we think this line of questioning injected into the trial the possibility of a substantial risk of a miscarriage of justice.
The defendant raises two other claims of error on appeal which may arise on retrial. On the claim that certain evidence should have been admitted under an exception to the rape shield statute, G. L. c. 233, § 23B, it was within the judge’s discretion to rule that the proposed evidence, as presented in the voir dire testimony of the medical doctor and the chemist, was not sufficiently probative to outweigh possible prejudice to the complainant. On the other claim, it was not error to admit the opinion of the examining physician that a described physical condition of the complainant was “more consistent with [the complainant’s] history of the events that evening” than with certain other causes, namely cancer or an infection. See Commonwealth v. Montmeny, 360 Mass. 526, 528 (1971); Commonwealth v. Lewandowski, 22 Mass. App. Ct. 148,150 (1986). However, we suggest that on retrial the question be reworded to avoid reference to the complainant’s “explanation of what happened that evening” or “the history of events that evening.”