181 Pa. Super. 619 | Pa. Super. Ct. | 1956
Opinion by
This is an appeal from the refusal of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County to grant the writ of habeas corpus. At the outset, we wish to point out that appellant, William Gaurich, violated Rule 43 of this court in failing to serve notice of his appeal on the judge who entered the order. This practice is not
Appellant was convicted at No. 41 February Sessions, 1954, in the Court of Oyer and Terminer of Allegheny County of armed robbery and receiving stolen goods. At Nos. 206 and 207 February Sessions, 1954, in the Court of Quarter Sessions, he was convicted of assault with intent to kill. Sentence on the first charge was for a term of not less than 4 years nor more than 8 years in the Allegheny County Workhouse; sentence on the latter two charges were suspended by reason of the first sentence imposed. At the trial, appellant was represented by counsel. No appeal was taken from the conviction and sentence imposed.
The records disclose that the arrest on these charges was made on December 30, 1953 on information received and previously filed and that, on the same day, preliminary hearing was waived both by appellant and his co-defendant. Upon failure to post bail, appellant was lodged in the Allegheny County Jail. The informations were filed in the clerk of courts office on January 6, 1954 and true bills were returned by the February grand jury.
Appellant’s contentions here are as follows: (1) That where a rule to show cause why a writ of habeas corpus should not issue is entered and hearing conducted thereon, it is a violation of his constitutional rights not to be produced for such hearing; (2) that the indictments, trial and sentence were invalid because he was not given a preliminary hearing; (3) that the information was signed on information received.
Both appellate courts of this Commonwealth have held repeatedly that an application for a writ of habeas corpus is not a substitute for an appeal or a writ of
(1) There can be no doubt that both prior and subsequent to the Act of May 25, 1951, P. L. 415, 12 P.S. 1901, et seq., it was proper for a court to dismiss a petition for writ of habeas corpus without a hearing if the petition and answers raised no material or substantial question of fact. Commonwealth ex rel. DePoe v. Ashe, 167 Pa. Superior Ct. 23, 74 A. 2d 767; Commonwealth ex rel. Reynolds v. Burke, 173 Pa. Superior Ct. 146, 96 A. 2d 193; Commonwealth ex rel. Bishop v. Claudy, 373 Pa. 523, 97 A. 2d 54. Here a hearing was held on the rule to show cause and counsel was engaged to present appellant’s legal arguments. No issues of fact were raised in the petition for writ of habeas corpus.
Section 5 of the Act of 1951, supra, (12 P.S. 1905) specifically provides that “. . . the judge . . . may or may not order the relator to. be produced at the hearing, as the circumstances may warrant, . . .” The circumstances referred to in the Act obviously contemplate those situations where 'issues of fact are raised and which require' proof through- the relator or his witnesses. .Whether or not'’a prisoner should be produced for a hearing in a habeas corpus proceeding is
(2) The Act of May 14, 1915, P. L. 499, 42 P.S. 1080, gives the accused the right to be heard by himself and witnesses by providing that:
“Hereafter, upon a preliminary hearing before a magistrate for the purpose of determining whether a person charged with any crime or misdemeanor against the laws, except murder, manslaughter, arson, rape, mayhem, sodomy, buggery, robbery, or burglary, ought to be committed for trial, the person accused, and all persons on behalf of the person accused, shall be heard if the'person accused shall so demand.”
Previous to this act, the accused had no right to be heard or to present witnesses in his own behalf. And while this right is now preserved for every accused charged with crimes not excluded in the Act, such right must be demanded; It is not a self-executing right. It should be further noted that the-crime for which appellant was sentenced is excluded from the protection of the Act. ‘ - '
- • ■ The records clearly indicate' that counsel who appeared at the- preliminary hearing -waived' such hearing on behalf of appellant -and his co-defendant. Appellant' was produced- for ¿^preliminary hearing and such, - would-have -been -held -were it'not for the waiver;
By the Act of May S, 1854, P. L. 678, 42 P.S. 721, the return by the magistrate to the court of quarter sessions is to be made at least ten days before the commencement of the session unless the information be made within ten days, in which case the return is made in the same manner as if the act had not been passed. The Act of June 11, 1885, P. L. 110, 42 P.S. 722, relating to felony, provides that the return be made within five days after the binding over or committal of any defendant. The returns in this case were within time, and since the January grand jury was already in session, a finding by the February grand jury was proper. Appellant made no effort to attack the proceedings either prior or subsequent to the action of the grand jury, and he cannot now use this proceeding to correct such failure.
(3) The contention that the complaint was signed on- information received must likewise fail. A complaint may.be signed by any person who' has knowledge of .the facts or is reliably informed thereof. Commonwealth v. Sitler, 67 Pa. Superior Ct. 1, 6; Commonwealth v. Mallini, 214 Pa. 50, 63 A. 414. In any event,
The order of the court below is affirmed.