164 Ky. 542 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1915
Opinion of the Court by
Affirming.
This appeal is taken from a judgment of the lower court refusing appellants permission to intervene and file answers in garnishment proceedings which had gone to judgment at a former term. The answers tendered by appellants did not set up any of the grounds enumerated in Section 518 of the code, whereby a judgment may be vacated or modified after the expiration of the term at which it was rendered.
The controversy arises from the following facts: In 1894, the appellee, Cardwell, recovered a judgment against Breck Combs, one of the appellants. Some payments were made on the judgment, but in 1908, Card-well caused an execution to issue and placed it in the hands of the sheriff, who returned it “no property
“It says that there is no money or property in its hands belonging to said Breck Combs in any sum or amount, unless it be by reason of said Breck Combs being entitled to said money which it has in its hands belonging to the estate of William M. Combs.”
It then averred a willingness to pay into court out of said fund in its hands any amount which the court might adjudge as belonging to Breck Combs. A few days later, October 24th, 1912, Cardwell filed an amended petition in which he averred that there were 10 heirs of the estate of W. M. Combs, deceased, and that Breck Combs was one of them; that Breck Combs had purchased the interests of all of the heirs except one, making him the owner of nine-tenths of the estate. He further alleged that since the garnishee filed its answer, Breck Combs, as executor, had recovered judgment for $1,700 against the realty company, and that Breck Combs was the owner, in his own right, of nine-tenths of the judgment. He prayed that a sufficient amount of the money in the hands of the realty company be applied to the payment of his debt. The realty company admitted, by an amended answer, that it held the sum of $1,700 belonging to the estate of William M. Combs, deceased. This was twice as much as the Cardwell debt. No issue was made with Cardwell on the other allegations, and Breck Combs failing to answer it was adjudged at the June term, 1913, that the realty company pay the Card-well debt and take credit on the sum it owed Breck Combs as executor.
The realty company failed to perform the judgment or pay any part of the money. In February, 1914, Card-well served notice on the realty company and Combs that he would move to have the case redocketed and ask
It is admitted in the record that the Susan Combs referred to is the wife of the appellant, Breck Combs. Carl, Charlie, Grover and William Smith, and Arminta Combs and Susan Combs join in' a separate answer and say, except Susan Combs, they are “heirs” of William M. Combs, deceased, “and entitled to inherit their distributable share of his estate.” They say they have not sold or conveyed their share and it is still due them from Breck Combs. He is referred to as executor, and again as administrator. The amount due each is then set up, and in this way it appears that “Susan Combs is owner, by purchase, of nine-tenths of the distributable estate of said William Combs.”
The court sustained Cardwell’s objection to the filing of these answers, and redocketed the case, and awarded execution against the realty company on the judgment entered at the former term of court.
While the property rights of the interveners who were not parties to the original action are not affected by the judgment, yet their right to file pleadings in'this
The Smiths make the bare statement that they are “heirs” to one-tenth of the estate of William M. Combs, deceased. They do not say that they are children or grandchildren, or state any other facts which in law would make them “heirs” or entitle them to share as distributees. This allegation is but a conclusion. Langston v. Edwards, 21 Ky. L. R., 1277, 54 S. W., 833; Fate v. Orr’s Ass., 8 Ky. L. R., 349; LaRue v. Hays, 7 Bush, 50; Daly v. O’Brien, 29 Ky. L. R., 811, 96 S. W., 521; Toler v. Toler, 33 Ky. L. R., 594, 110 S. W., 388.
The answers show that Breck Combs, at one time, owned nine-tenths of the estate, but it is claimed that he sold all of his interest to his wife, Susan M. Combs, before Cardwell brought this suit. There is no pretense of a consideration, or that the sale was either written, acknowledged or recorded. Where a writing is essential to the validity of a transaction, the pleading should show the fact. Section 2128 of thd Kentucky Statutes says that such a transfer between a husband and wife shall not be valid as to third persons unless the transfer is in writing, acknowledged and recorded. From the facts alleged, the presumption will be that the transfer was by parol. Section 555, Newman on Pleadings and Practice; Smith v. Fah, 15 B. Mon., 443; Bull v. McRea, 8 B. Mon., 423; Smith v. Theobald, 86 Ky., 141, 9 R., 449.
We are of opinion that the lower court properly sustained objection to filing the answers because they were neither sufficient nor timely, and the judgment is, therefore, affirmed.