47 Ind. App. 341 | Ind. Ct. App. | 1911
— An action for damages for breach, of contract on account of failure of appellant to deliver to appellee certain lumber, in accordance with an alleged written contract.
The complaint was in one paragraph, to which a demurrer was filed for want of facts, and overruled with exception.
The court upon request made a special finding of facts and stated conclusions of law thereon, which were in favor of appellee. Judgment was rendered in the sum of $600, from which this appeal is taken.
The errors relied upon for reversal are as follows: (1) Overruling the demurrer to the amended complaint; (2) error in the conclusions of law; (3) overruling appellant’s motion for a new trial.
The motion for a new trial assigned as reasons therefor, that the decision of the court was contrary to law and was not sustained by sufficient evidence, and that there was error in the admission of certain evidence.
The complaint alleges generally that the parties entered into an agreement in writing, which is as follows:
"Order No. 300, Indianapolis, Ind., September 1, 1905.
C. W. Cole.
Ship to "W. D. Leach at 8^ rate out of Chicago, 111.
How ship......When......
Terms: l\°fo or 60 days
200 M ft. of No. 4 Wisconsin pine boards
Either S2S or resawed rough $16.25
To be shipped out during the coming fire of the glass factories of 1905 and 1906 as W. D. Leach may order them shipped.
The above price is f.o.b an 18fi rate from the north.
W. D. Leach.
Accepted:
C. W. Cole.”
It is contended that the complaint is insufficient because there is no averment that Marion and Lapel, Indiana, are within an eighteen cent freight rate from the place designated as “north,” appellee having ordered shipments to said towns.
The complaint is also attacked for insufficiency of facts on the ground that the memorandum or contract, a breach of which is the basis of the action, is unilateral, lacks mutuality, and is indefinite, uncertain and insufficient to evidence an agreement between the parties.
The court, in the finding of facts, states that the contract was entered into by the parties on September 1, 1905; that appellee gave three several orders, each for 20,000 feet of lumber, on January 2, January 6, and February 7, 1906, respectively, all under and in pursuance of the alleged agreement. The court also found and stated the meaning of the several abbreviations and terms used in the alleged contract, as understood by the parties thereto; that appellant received said orders, and failed to deliver any lumber thereon; that prior to the commencement of this action appellee demanded of appellant $600 damages, which he refused to pay. Findings seven and nine of the court are as follows: “(7) That on January 2 and 6, and February 7, 1906, and for several days following each of said dates, the market value of said lumber, and of lumber of the same grade and kind, was from $19.50 a thousand to $21.50
“(9) That the fair and reasonable increase and advance in the market value of the lumber of the kind and quality sold by the agreement set out in finding No. 1, from September 1, 1905, to January 2 and 6, and February 7, 1906, and several days after each of said dates was $3 a thousand.”
The instrument before set out contains terms sometimes
It is proper to aver extrinsic facts and to receive evidence to explain such terms, and the contract is to be viewed in the light of such explanations, which must be heard not to contradict, but to make clear to the court the provisions of the contract, as understood by the parties thereto.
The fact that the memorandum standing alone, to one unfamiliar with the commercial terms employed, appears imperfect, indefinite and uncertain, does not make it insufficient to constitute a binding contract between the parties engaged in the lumber business, and who, as shown by the evidence and found by the court, clearly understood the figures, signs and terms employed.
The questions raised by the demurrer and by the objections to the admission in evidence of the memorandum of sale, and the several orders for shipment of the lumber, and to the explanation of the terms and abbreviations of the instrument, are so similar to those discussed and decided in Jaqua v. Witham & Anderson Co., supra, that further discussion here is unnecessary. There is no available error in the ruling upon the demurrer or in the admission of evidence. See, also, Van Camp Packing Co. v. Hartman, supra; Reissner v. Oxley (1881), 80 Ind. 580.
The contention that the court erred in its conclusions of law, for the reason that there was a failure to find the market value of the lumber at the place of delivery, is likewise untenable.
Finding nine is to the effect that the reasonable increase in the market value of the lumber of the kind and quality covered by the agreement was $3 a thousand, and the further finding of the court, that the price made in the contract was $16.25 f. o. b. at any point within an eighteen cent freight rate from the north, as already shown, included Lapel and Marion, Indiana. Thus it will be seen that both the contract price and the market value were found by the court and stated in its finding of facts.
The court found that the figures “$16.25” in said contract mean, and were understood by the parties at the time to mean, “$16.25 a thousand feet.”
The same explanation applies to the phrase “coming fire of the glass factories of 1905 and 1906,” and there was no error in admitting testimony to explain the time to which reference was thus made.
The complaint was sufficient. The court did not err in overruling the motion for a new trial nor in its conclusions of law.
Judgment affirmed.