277 Mass. 230 | Mass. | 1931
The plaintiff seeks by this suit in equity to compel the defendants to desist from interfering with his business and injuring his property rights and to recover compensation for damages already sustained by him through their alleged wrongdoings. The case was heard upon a master’s report, the evidence on which its findings rest not being included therein. The plaintiff appealed from a final decree dismissing the bill. Under familiar practice, the facts set forth in the master’s report must be accepted as true unless mutually inconsistent or contradictory and plainly wrong and this court decides the case upon the report in accordance with its own judgment and without deference to the action of the trial court.
The controversy relates to the right of the plaintiff to continue in wholesale kosher meat business in Springfield in accordance with Jewish rules and practices. The facts so far as material to the grounds of this decision are these: The plaintiff has been engaged in this business for several years, until 1929 as partner with a brother and since then as an individual. The plaintiff is a member of one of the five orthodox Jewish congregations in Springfield. The defendant Silver represents four of these congregations as rabbi. Four of the defendants are “the recognized butchers known as schochtim for these Orthodox congre
The plaintiff by becoming a member of an orthodox Jewish congregation and seeking to conduct a business with respect to kosher food which plays a highly important part in the faith of members of such congregations must conform to the canons of that faith touching that subject if he desires to continue that business under religious sanction. He cannot hold or gain that kind of commercial advantage unless he complies with all requirements of the rules established by that religious sect as prerequisite therefor, and he must also abide by the decisions of the tribunals erected and constituted for the determination of controversies concerning that subject. He cannot claim the benefits of the business without accepting the burdens attached to it. As incidents of his membership in the religious organization and his undertaking to do this particular kind of business, he impliedly consented to be governed in all essential matters by the decisions of boards established to end disputes and contentions of this sort. Courts do not sit in review of decisions thus rendered even though it may appear that' there has been an error of judgment, an innocent mistake or failure to make a searching investigation. Snay v. Lovely, 276 Mass. 159, 163-164, and cases cited. Courts are especially reluctant to interfere in a controversy which like the one at bar rests largely upon ecclesiastical dogma and rabbinical practices. As to matters of that nature religious organizations are themselves entitled to a pretty free hand under settled principles of law. Grosvenor v. United Society of Believers, 118 Mass. 78. Carter v. Papineau, 222 Mass. 464. Krauthoff v. Attorney General, 240 Mass. 88. Moustakis v. Hellenic Orthodox Society, 261 Mass. 462. Glaser
One of the facts found by the master is that, although the plaintiff carried on business as a wholesale dealer in kosher meat after the dissolution of the partnership with his brother, he never was granted a permit for that purpose from the religious body or officer which alone had authority to grant such dispensation. The religious functionaries did not immediately take steps to stop the plaintiff from holding himself out as possessing the sanctions which he lacked but suffered him to continue his business for a time. That circumstance gave the plaintiff no vested right to perpetuate a deception upon the adherents of that religious faith. The defendants constituting the authoritative ecclesiastical tribunal and subordinate officials had a right to pursue the course marked out by their rules and regulations to prevent any one not possessed of the requisite credentials from continuing in a field which, although distinctly religious under their church polity and beliefs, also involved aspects of commercial profit. The plaintiff must forego that profit because he refused to conform to the requirements of the religious polity, beliefs and faith.
Decree affirmed with costs.