14 Mo. App. 136 | Mo. Ct. App. | 1883
delivered the opinion of the court.
This is an action for damages alleged to have been sustained by the plaintiff in consequence of being expelled from one of the defendant’s passenger trains upon which the plaintiff was •traveling as a passenger. . The plaintiff’s case is this ; He is a resident of Mobile, Alabama. On the 21st of June, 1880, he purchased of James W. Rooney, agent of the Mobile and
“ Mobile and Ohio Railroad.
“Mobile — Ohio — To Niagara Falls and return.”
“ Summer Excursion Ticket. Good for one first class passage, when stamped by company’s agent and presented with checks attached, subject to the following contract: —
“ In consideration of the reduced rate at which this ticket is sold, I hereby agree to the following restrictions and conditions : That it is positively not transferable, and that I will use this ticket within fifteen (15) days from date of sale (as stamped on back and written below) going north, and within sixty (60) days from date, of departure going south, and in no case later than October 31st, following date of sale. I further agree that on or one day before my departure south, I will identify myself as the original purchaser, by writing my signature on the back of this contract in the presence of the authorized agent of the Great Western Railway at Niagara Falls, who will witness the same. I also agree that this ticket shall not be honored for passage, if there are any alterations or erasures in signatures or dates stamped and written thereon.
“ I further agree to sign my name, as a means of identifying myself as the original purchaser of this ticket, when*140 ever called upon to do so by any of the conductors of the various lines over which this ticket reads, and that this ticket will be void if these conditions are not complied with. Fully understanding the above conditions, I accept.
Signature, James M. Cloud, Purchaser.
Witness, James W. Roonet, Agent.
Date of sale, June 21, 1880.
To Purchaser: Read the contract and take notice that the return part of this ticket must be stamped and your signature witnessed by the ticket agent of the Great Western Railway at Niagara Falls before it will be honored for passage. > x 134. Charles L. Fitoh, G. P. A.
On its reverse side it was stamped by the agent who sold it to the plaintiff, and, as thus stamped it read as follows: —
We shall not set out the substance of the testimony upon ' the question of damages, but shall remark that there is no ground disclosed by the pleadings and evidence for the recovery of damages growing out of the manner in which the conductor put the plaintiff off its train ; so that if the plaintiff was rightfully put off — that is if he had no right, under the terms of the contract, to continue his journey without paying fare, — he can not recover in this action.
This being the case made by the plaintiff as the basis of his right of action, the defendant introduced no evidence, but asked for an instruction in the nature of a demurrer to the plaintiff’s evidence, which the court refused to give;
We shall address ourselves only to the propriety of sending this case to the jury at all, because it seems to us entirely clear that the plaintiff had no case whatever. The only possible grounds on which the plaintiff could expect to recover in the face of the contract which he had thus signed, and with an essential condition of which he had not complied, was either that he had not had an opportunity of knowing the conditions of the contract at the time he signed it, or before the time came for performing the condition named therein; or else that this condition had been waived by an agent of the defendant, competent to waive it.
Upon the first point', there is no possible ground upon which a jury could say that the plaintiff did not have the amplest opportunity of informing himself fully of the conditions-of this contract between the 21st of June, when he signed it at Mobile, and the fourth day of October, when he presented it to the conductor of the Great Western Railway at Niagara Falls. He must have exhibited it several times to the train conductors on his northward journey soon after he purchased it. He certainly had abundant leisure during th.e two days consumed in that journey to read it, and little else to do ; and he says himself in his testimony: “ I had forty chances if I had had any occasion to read it.” Not to have read it under these circumstances, was the grossest negligence on his part, to say the least, for which he is now endeavoring to mulct this defendant in heavy damages. But we need not dwell on this point; for when a man has deliberately signed a written contract, and brings an action at law, in a court of justice, to assert rights acquired by that contract, he will not be heard to deny that it is his contract, or to assert that he did not know its contents. He must stand or fall upon the contract as he entered into it. If he chose to sign it without reading it, then he adopted its terms without reading them. He can not ask us to hold that it is
Then, as to the question whether there has been a waiver of the condition in this contract which required the plaintiff to identify himself to the agent of the Great Western Railway Company, at Niagara Falls, by signing his name on the reverse side of the ticket in the presence of such agent, such as was binding on this defendant, it is necessary to consider in the first place the nature of the contract. It is argued for the defendant, that this contract is not the joint contract of the various railroads named therein, and in support of this view, the decision of this court in the case of Lin v. The Terre Haute, etc., R. Co. (10 Mo. App. 125) is cited. Upon this point we distinctly limited ourselves, in that case, to the decision of what the case called for; and what we decided was this: that a contract of this kind, that is a railroad coupon ticket, which purports to take the holder over several connecting railways, becomes the contract of each one of such railway companies, as soon as such company adopts it by undertaking to carry the passenger under it. We did not think it necessary, under the facts of that case, to go further, and hold whether such a ticket is, in its inception, the joint contract of all the connecting carriers. The facts in this case call for the same ruling. This contract was adopted and ratified by each one of the connecting roads in carrying the plaintiff under it on the northward journey, and in taking up, through their train conductors, the appropriate coupons. By doing this through their train conductors, who were unquestionably their appropriate agents to perform such an act, each one of the connecting companies made this contract its own. We may properly go a step further, under the evidence, in this case. Mr. Eooney, who sold this ticket to the plaintiff, testified that it was sold under an arrangement between the connecting roads, under which they prorated the money received according to the mileage. As there is no evidence to contradict this, it may fairly be said
But it is not shown that the train conductors, of the roads named had any authority to waive this condition in the contract. By the terms of this contract, a special person was appointed before whom the remaining condition of the contract was to be executed, namely, “ the authorized agent of the Great Western Railway at Niagara Falls.” The reverse side of the contract shows that, by the term “ authorized agent’’the contract meant the “ ticket agent” of the Great Western Eailway. It would do violence to these terms to hold that a train conductor of the Great Western Eailway was intended by them. Whether the ticket agent of the Great Western Eailway at Niagara Falls could have waived a compliance with this condition of the contract so as to bind all the connecting carriers, we need not consider. Possibly he could have done so, if the ticket had been presented to him by the plaintiff, and if the plaintiff had offered to identify himself and sign his name on the reverse side of it, as required by its terms. Gregory v. Railroad Co. 10 Neb. 250. But where a particular agent is appointed to execute a stipulation
These contracts are reasonable and valid. The condition which requires the passenger to identify himself to an agent of one of the companies, is a reasonable condition. It is intended to prevent the tickets from passing into the hands of third persons and being used by others in making portions of the transit where higher rates of fare are required than the special rates which the companies are able to make to through passengers traveling long distances.
We accordingly think that there was no case to go to the jury, and we therefore reverse the judgment and remand the cause.