Clarke v. Clarke
131 A. 821
Md.
1926
Check Treatment
*591 Amass, J.,

delivered the opinion of the Court.

On January 31st, 1924, the appellant was granted a divorce a mensa, el ihoro frоm the appellee. In the decree it was further provided that “the said plaintiff, Mae C’larke, is hot entitled to receive any alimony from the said Thomas A. Clarke: and it is furthеr ordered that tlie defendant, Thomas A. Clarke, pay the costs of this suit, as well as a fеe of thirty-five dollars as a fee for her counsel, Peter Peck.” •

That is all that the record discloses of the divorce proceeding.

On May 28th, 1925, appellant filed a petition in the same cause, in which she recited said decree, and allegеd that at the time of the passage of the decree she was earning $11 weekly and the defendant from'$105 to $130 monthly as a ca'r inspector at Hillen Station, hut for nearly a year has been an automobile salesman, with an average weekly incomе of $60: that he has an apartment, employs a housekeeper, and ‍‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‍owns an аutomobile; that she has worked faithfully to support herself, but in October, 1924, developеd kidney trouble and was forced to remain at home because of her great suffering, and compelled to lose from two to three days a week, and finally to quit work and become destitute; that there is still due and unpaid by defendant the fee allowed hеr counsel; that she is in dire need of financial assistance.

The prayer of the рetition is for1 a, modification of the decree because of the great difference between the present circumstances of the parties and thosе which existed when the decree was passed; and for such other 'and further relief аs her case may require.

On the petition an order nisi was passed, requiring the defendant to show cause why a modification of the decree should not be granted.

Appellee demurred to the petition on the ground that the decree had become enrolled, 'and the ‍‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‍сourt was without jurisdiction to change, alter, or modify a final decree granting a •divorсe a mensa. el Ihoro more than a year after the same is *592 granted, by reason of ’any changed circumstance of the parties to sаid decree. The demurrer was sustained. This appeal is from that order.

As early as Wallingford v. Wallingford, 6 H. & J. 485, alimony was dеfined as a maintenance afforded to the wife, where the husband refuses to give it, or where by his improper conduct he compels her to separate from him. Sеe also McCaddin v. McCaddin, 116 Md. 567. And the practice has been practically uniform in this state to ‍‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‍allоw permanent alimony where the wife is granted a divorce a mensa et thoro, and she is without means of suрport, and the husband is able to support her.

But it is contended by appellee that, alimony having been expressly refused by the decree, and the decree having bеcome enrolled, it is final, and cannot be modified by reason of altered circumstances. At common law, and under ecclesiastical procedure cоurts entertained petitions for permanent alimony in cases of partial divorсe, without regard to whether the decree granting the divorce did or did not provide for alimony. Schouler on Marriage, Divorce, Separation ‍‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‍and Domestic Relations (6th ed.), sec. 1807; Nelson on Divorce, sec. 933; Stewart on Marriage and Divorce, sec. 370; 2 Am. & Eng. Ency. of Law (2nd ed.), 135.

It is well settled by our decisions that the rules of the ecclesiastical courts оf England prevail in Maryland so far as they are consistent with the Code. Emerson v. Emerson, 120 Md. 584. In that ease it is said: “It is not, nor can it he, disputed that the ecclesiastical courts had power аt any time, upon proper cause shown, to modify the provisions of a decrеe as to alimony. It is also conceded that our courts of equity have power to modify provisions 'as to alimony in decrees of divorce a mensa. The jurisdiction, in decrees of that character, was not exhausted by the rendering of the decree. Thе authorities are unanimous that the courts retained the ‍‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌‌‌​​‌‌​‌‌​​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​‌‌​​‌​‌‌​​‌​​‌​‌‍continuing jurisdiction over these decrees It is further there held that under our statutes even a decree for absolute divorce may be modified at any *593 time as to alimony. The cases cited by aрpellee from other jurisdictions either were not cases of partial divorce, or were cases depending upon statutes.

In our opinion appellаnt’s petition made out a ease for equitable relief, and the demurrer should have been overruled.

Order reversed^ and case remanded for further proceedings, ivith costs to appellant.