113 Kan. 164 | Kan. | 1923
The opinion of the court was delivered, by
The city of Cottonwood Falls, which is of the third class, sought to compel the county to pay for the paving of a bridge across the Cottonwood river. The bridge lies wholly within the limits of the city. Judgment was for the defendant. Plaintiff appeals.
Prior to 1904 the north limits of the city were formed by the south bank of the river. In that year the limits on the north were extended
An ordinance was enacted by the city levying a special assessment against adjacent property to pay the cost of the paving improvements. The ordinance provided for the issuance of bonds and the charge against each tract was designated to be paid in ten equal annual installments, except the charge against the county, which was in a lump sum: “River Bridge Chase County $3,472.43.” The county had no property adjacent to the bridge.
Thereafter the board of county commissioners, at a regular meeting, adopted and spread upon the minutes a resolution denying liability and refusing payment.
After completion of the bridge, the city, at its own cost, had a number of electric lights placed thereon.
It is the contention of plaintiff that the cost of paving of the bridge is governed by the provisions of section 7, chapter 80, Laws of 1917; that the county is liable for its maintenance and repair.
Section 7 is as follows:
“That all bridges or culverts built in this state at county expense, or for which the county has granted aid, shall be known as ‘county bridges’ or ‘county culverts,’ and shall be maintained thereafter under the direction of the county board and the county engineer at county expense. All bridges or culverts on township roads built at the expense of the several townships without county aid shall be known as ‘township bridges’ and ‘township culverts,’ and shall be maintained thereafter under the direction of the township board and the county engineer at township expense.”
In order to get the intent of section 7, consideration should be given to other provisions of the act, which must be construed together. The act appears to provide a complete system for the con
There was a manifest purpose to wipe the slate clean of previous designations and classifications. The act appears complete in itself. Section 7, while designating “all bridges . . . built . . . at county expense, or for which the county has granted aid,” undoubtedly refers to bridges outside of or beyond the control of the cities. It was not the legislative intent to make the counties liable for the maintenance of bridges lying wholly within the limits of an incorporated city. Section 869 of the General Statutes of 1915 expressly provides that the streets and alleys of cities of the third class shall be under the control of the mayor and council. Chapter 80 nowhere indicates an intention to take from the city officials their control and power over the streets and alleys of the different cities nor to relieve the cities of the liability incident to such control.
In City of Eudora v. Miller, 30 Kan. 494, 2 Pac. 685, it was said in the syllabus:
“A bridge situated wholly within the limits of a city is, with its approaches, a part of the public streets, and as such within the scope of the city’s duties and liabilities.”
This syllabus is quoted with approval in City of Rosedale v. Golding, 55 Kan. 167, 172, 40 Pac. 284.
In Comm’rs of Shawnee Co. v. City of Topeka, 39 Kan. 197, 18 Pac. 161, it was said in the syllabus:
“The provisions of our statute relating to bridges may be fairly construed to mean that the county shall have power over those within its borders, and must build and maintain them, except those within the limits of certain cities, constituting a part of their streets, which are to be erected and maintained by such cities.” (¶ 2.)
In the opinion, the court said, on the question of keeping in repair a bridge owned jointly by the county and the city:
“Probably the county has the power to construct and maintain a bridge within the limits of a city, even when it becomes a part of its streets; or it may, with the concurrence of the city authorities, build and keep in repair such a bridge, but it is quite a different proposition that because of such aid*168 in building the bridge, the county is compelled to keep it in repair. It is one thing to have authority to render voluntary assistance in such matters, and quite a different one to be obliged to furnish compulsory aid.” (p. 201.)
In the instant case the county pleaded that the money expended by it in the construction of the bridge was a voluntary contribution.
By enadting chapter 81, the legislature of 1905 authorized the board of county commissioners of Franklin county to repair, maintain or rebuild certain bridges situated within the city of Ottawa. The question arose as to whether the county was compelled to so maintain such bridges.
This court in The State v. Franklin County, 84 Kan. 404, 114 Pac. 247, held, in the syllabus:
“Chapter 81 of the Laws of 1905, authorizing the county commissioners of Franklin county to repair, maintain or rebuild certain bridges in the city of Ottawa, is not mandatory, and while the county board of commissioners may, without interfering with or restricting the city in the regulation and control of the bridge, make appropriations for the purposes named in the act, the exercise of this power is discretionary.”
In the opinion it was said:
“Bridges in cities, situated as .these bridges are, whether built by the county or city, or by the combined action of both, are, under the general laws of the state, in the exclusive control of the city. The evils of a divided control are referred to in the opinion in Comm’rs of Shawnee Co. v. City of Topeka, 39 Kan. 197. The reasons for an undivided control are apparent. Bridges are often used for street railways, for the support of water and gas mains and telephone and telegraph connections, and may be used for other public purposes, under the exclusive regulation and control of the city. A city is liable in certain cases for injuries caused by defective bridges. If the county commissioners should take charge and control of repairs and maintenance, and have paramount authority to determine how and when this power should be exercised, confusion might result, with inconvenience to the public and loss to the city.
. . . . . . . . . . . .
“Considering the fact that when this law was passed the city had exclusive control of the bridges, which control still continues, and that public policy requires that there should be unity in such control, that if construed as mandatory it would be out of harmony with our scheme of street improvement, regulation and control in cities, and that the terms used primarily imply permission, it is reasonably clear that the legislature intended only to give the county board discretion in this matter, and not to impose an imperative obligation. This conclusion seems the more reasonable in view of the grave constitutional question that would arise from an interpretation to the contrary.” (pp. 405-407.)
Had it been within the power of the county to voluntarily pay for
Whether or not such paving could be construed as repairs need not here be decided. The county was not liable for the expense.' This conclusion makes it unnecessary to decide other questions raised in the briefs.
The judgment is affirmed.