164 Ga. 351 | Ga. | 1927
The answer to the first question propounded by the Court of Appeals depends upon the proper construction of section 2364 of the Civil Code of 1910. This section is as follows: “It shall be lawful to sue any of the incorporate banks of this State, in any county thereof, for any acts of their agents, where said banks or corporations may now have, or hereafter may establish, an agency.” Counsel for the plaintiff contend that a suit on any cause of action against an incorporated bank in this State may be brought in any county where that bank has an . established agency. They contend that the logical construction of the language of this section is, to treat the last clause, which they denominate clause three, as relating to and modifying the language “in any county,” and, so construing the language of the section, that the right to bring suits against a bank on any cause of action is limited to a county where an agency exists. They insist that
In construing statutes the courts must look diligently for the intention of the legislature. Civil Code (1910), § 4 (9).. The constitutional policy of this State is, that suits shall be brought in the county of the residence of the defendant. Constitution of
By the act of December 20, 1892 (Acts 1892, p. 59), section 3406 of the Code of 1882 was amended by striking from the second line thereof the words “liable to be,” and the word “any,” and inserting in lieu of the latter word the word “the.”' After this amendment, the provision touching the venue of suits against railroad companies appeared as section 2334 in the Code of 1895. It declares, among other things, that “All railroad companies shall be sued in the county in which the cause of action originated.” This section of the Code of 1895 was amended by the act of December 21, 1898 (Acts 1898, p. 50), and as thus amended this provision, as to venue, appears in section 2798 of the Code of 1910. It provides that all railroad companies shall be sued for torts in the county in which the cause of action originated, and upon all contracts made or to be performed in the county where the suit is brought. So, express companies may be sued “in the county where goods are received for shipment, or where goods are to be delivered.” Civil Code (1910), § 2385. After so providing for venue of suits against express companies (§ 2385), insurance companies (§ 2563), fidelity-insurance companies (§ 2553), railroad companies (§ 2798), telegraph companies (§ 2814), and banks (§ 2364), the legislature made a general provision for the venue of suits against all other corporations chartered by authority
The above history of the legislation ñxing the venue of suits against domestic corporations discloses the public policy of the State in this matter, and throws light upon the construction of the above Code provision for suits against hanks. Before we would feel authorized to adopt a construction of an act which would be radically different from the public policy thus shown, the language of the act should be so clear as to leave the matter free from reasonable doubt. We think that it was the intention of the legislature, in passing the act of April 17, 1863, now embodied, as to banks, in the section of the Code which we have under consideration, to subject banks to suits for acts of their agents in counties where such acts are done, and where the banks have agencies. It is inconceivable that the legislature intended to subject a bank to suits on all causes of action, arising from acts done at the home office, in any county of the State, where it might have an agency or place of business. Such a construction would subject a parent bank to all suits on causes of action originating out of transactions had with the bank at its home office, or at any of its branches, in any county of the State where it may have an agency. Under this construction of this section, the Citizens & Southern Bank could be sued in Clarke County on all causes of action .arising out of
So we think that this section of the Code should not, be construed to mean that a suit on any cause of action against an incorporated bank may be brought in any county of this State where such bank has an established agency; but should be construed to mean that where an incorporated bank has established an agency in another county, the bank may be sued in.the county where the agency is established, for any cause of action arising out of acts of its agents at such agency.
Under the agreed statement of facts, the Atlanta branch of the Citizens & Southern Bank is not an agent or agency of said bank within the meaning of the provisions of section 2364 of the Civil Code of 1910. The term “agents,” in this section, means those who act for, and in the place of, the bank, and under authority from it, in the conduct of its business at a place where the bank establishes an agency. The word “agency,” as used in this section, means place of business, other than the bank’s principal place or places of business. Tuggle v. Enterprise Lumber Co., 123 Ga. 480 (51 S. E. 433). Under the banking act a branch of this bank is the bank doing business itself. It is the principal itself conducting business. It has its own board of directors, “who shall be responsible for the conduct and management of said bank, but not of the parent bank or any other branch save that of which they are officers, directors, or committee.” Acts 1919, p. 136. Before a branch can be established, the written approval of the superintendent of banks must be given, and not until he shall have ascertained to his satisfaction that the public convenience and advantage will be promoted by the opening of such bank. Acts 1919, p. 136. The directors of the parent bank have set aside for the exclusive use of the Atlanta branch such an amount of its capital as was required by the superintendent of banks. On this capital so set aside by it, the Atlanta branch is taxed by the City of At
In view of the above answers, no answers are required to the other questions propounded by the Court of Appeals.