97 Cal. 21 | Cal. | 1892
This cause has been before the court on two former occasions. (68 Cal. 73; 84 Cal. 541.) The action is ejectment, and the plaintiff's title is derived from one Randall, to whom the land in question was allotted in an action of partition, entitled Randallv. Winter, brought by him against his co-tenants in the late twelfth district court, and in which the appellant herein was one of the defendants. The interlocutory decree in that action was rendered October 13, 1871, and the referee who was appointed under its provisions to make partition of the land involved in the action made his report to the court August 2, 1875, and a final decree affirming this report, and awarding the lands in controversy herein to Randall, was rendered December 23, 1875. The plaintiff herein succeeded to the rights of Randall in the land so allotted to him August 23, 1880, and on the 5th of October, 1880, commenced the present action. The defendant in its answer denied the title of the plaintiff, pleaded the statute of limitations, and also alleged ownership in itself. Judgment was rendered in favor of the plaintiff, and from that, and also frornan order denying its motion for a new trial, the defendant has appealed.
The interlocutory decree in the partition suit of Randall v. Winter established the relative rights of the parties thereto in the tract of land sought to be partitioned, and the final judgment therein confirming the report of the referee in partition was a conclusive determination that, as against all of the defendants in that action, Randall was the owner in fee of the tract of land described in the complaint herein. If the defendant herein had any right or claim to this land, it was incumbent on it to assert such right or claim in that aclion, and a failure to do so would preclude it from subsequently asserting such claim. As was said upon
The judgment in that action was also a conclusive determination that the parties thereto were tenants in common of the land in controversy according to their respective rights, and that until that time there had existed between them a unity of possession of said land. If, prior to the commencement of that action, the defendant herein had acquired any title as against Randall by virtue of any adverse possession, it should have been set up by it in that action as a defense to his right to have it partitioned in that suit; but whether alleged or not, the judgment in partition confirming the land to Randall was conclusive that the defendant had not acquired any such title. If, at the commencement of that action, the defendant was holding the land in adverse possession, but had not held it long enough to ripen into a title, the bringing of the suit suspended the running of the time, and prevented the acquisition by it of a title by prescription. While the suit was pending, the running of the statute of limitations was suspended, and neither party to the action could acquire any rights in the land by virtue of an adverse holding thereof which svould impair the judgment that was finally rendered.
As the plaintiff herein has succeeded to all the rights of Randall in the land in question, his right to the land must be held superior to that of the defendant, unless the defendant has in some mode acquired an interest therein subsequent to the rendition of that judgment. For this purpose, the defendant in its answer set up the statute of limitations, and in its cross-complaint alleged
The evidence offered consisted of a conveyance of the land in question from certain parties who were defendants in the partition suit, executed to the defendant February 17, 1870; also a deed from George Turner, dated August 28, 1871; certain tax receipts, and a judgment of condemnation rendered in 1862 by the county court of San Francisco. The record does not show the date at which the action of Randall v. Winter was commenced, but it is shown that the answer therein of the present defendant was filed more than six months after the execution to it of the deed from the defendants in that action, so that whether this deed was executed prior to the commencement of that action, or subsequent thereto, it could not avail to impair the judgment rendered therein. If it was executed before the action was begun, the* title conveyed thereby was adjudicated in that action, and the defendant could not acquire from its co-defendants, pendente lite, any title that would not be bound by the judgment. It was held upon the first appeal herein (68 Cal. 73), that by the judgment in the partition suit the defendant was estopped from claiming any title by virtue of the Turner deed; and it needs no argument to show that while that suit was pending, the execution to it of a deed could not aid the defendant in acquiring a prescriptive title, any more than would any other act of adverse possession; nor would the payment by the defendant of the taxes upon the land while it was held in co-tenancy with the plaintiff in that suit operate to strengthen its title, or give to it any new title.
The deeds offered in evidence would not of themselves
The error, if any, in excluding the tax receipts was cured by the testimony of Eliott, who testified that the defendant had paid the taxes continuously, to his knowledge, since the year 1866 down to the present time, upon
The record of the judgment of condemnation is not set forth in the transcript, and we cannot say that the court committed any error in excluding it.
As before stated, the judgment roll in Randall v. Winter, which was before the court, was conclusive evidence that the defendant herein had not, prior to that time, held any adverse possession of the land thereby partitioned to Randall, and as the evidence offered on behalf of the appellant, and excluded by the court, was insufficient to countervail the effect of this judgment, its admission would not have tended to change the finding of the court, and consequently its exclusion will not authorize a reversal of its action.
The contention of the appellant, that the effect of the judgment in partition operates only from the date of the interlocutory decree, and that in support of its plea of a prescriptive title it can avail itself of any adverse possession subsequent to that date, cannot be maintained. The effect of the interlocutory decree ivas merely to determine the relative rights of the respective parties to the action in the entire tract of land, but did not accomplish any severance of the possession. It was still necessary that a partition of the entire tract, according to these respective rights, should be made, “and the share allotted to each party, with a particular description of each share,” reported to the court (Code Civ. Proc., sec. 765), and that such report should be confirmed by the judgment of the court. And it is provided in section 766 of the Code of Civil Procedure that this judgment of confirmation “is binding and conclusive on all persons named as parties to the action, and their legal representatives, who have at the time any interest in the property divided, or any part thereof.” Until the final judgment confirming the referee’s report in partition was entered, it could not be known to which of the parties any particular parcel of the land would fall, and until such segregation had been made, there could be no
The judgment and order are affirmed.
Garoutte, J., and Paterson, J., concurred.