ORDER
On September 9, 2015, Plaintiff Janet Cheatham initiated this action by filing a class action complaint against Defendants ADT Corporation (“ADT Corp.”) and ADT LLC in the Maricopa County Superior Court. Doc. 1-1 at 9-33. The complaint asserts claims against ADT LLC for consumer fraud and unjust enrichment, and claims against ADT Corp. for consumer fraud, unjust enrichment, and strict products liability. Id.
On October 23, 2015, Defendants removed the action to this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1441(a), asserting federal jurisdiction under the Class Action Fairness Act of 2005, 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2). Doc. 1-1 at 1-7. Each Defendant has filed its own motion to dismiss. ADT Corp. asks the Court to dismiss it from this case for lack of personal jurisdiction or, in the alternative, to dismiss the case for failure to state a claim. Doc. 9. ADT LLC asks the Court to dismiss the case for failure to state a claim or, in the event any of Plaintiffs claims survive, to strike Plaintiffs class allegations. Doc. 10.
The motions have been fully briefed (Docs. 17, 18, 19, 24) and no party has requested oral argument. For the reasons set forth below, ADT Corp.’s motion will be granted, and ADT LLC’s motion will be granted in part and denied in part.
I. Background.
A. Parties.
Plaintiff is a resident and citizen of Maricopa County, Arizona. Complaint, ¶ 16. Defendant ADT Corp. is a Delaware corporation with its principal place of business in Boca Raton, Florida. Id., ¶ 17. Defendant ADT LLC is a Florida limited liability corporation with its principal place of business in Boca Raton. Id., ¶ 18. Defendants are in the business of selling home security equipment and monitoring services across the nation, including in Arizona. Id., ¶ 20. This case concerns the company’s wireless home security system.
B. ADT’s Wireless Security System.
ADT’s wireless security system uses a variety of devices — including wireless panels, sensors, detectors and cameras — to monitor a customer’s home. See www.adt. com/wireless-security (accessed Jan. 18, 2016). If an unauthorized entry is detected, ADT alerts the user and offers to contact the police. See id.
In July 2014, Forbes published an article detailing vulnerabilities associated with this system. See Kashmir Hill, How Your Security System Could Be Used to Spy on You, Forbes (Jul. 23, 2014), www.forbes. com/sites/kashmirhill/2014/07/23/how-yoursecurity-system-could-be-used-to-spy-on-you (accessed Jan. 18, 2016). The article explains that the system’s components communicate with one another using unencrypted and unauthenticated signals. Id. An unauthorized third party can interfere with these signals, thereby gaining control of the system. Id. According to the article, one researcher found a way to hack into a research participant’s security system using a readily available device called a “Software-Defined Radio.” Id. Using this device, the researcher could deactivate the participant’s security system, trigger a false alarm, and spy on the participant using her system’s video monitoring equipment. Id.
Plaintiffs allegations largely track the Forbes article. She alleges that “ADT’s
Plaintiff contends that ADT has engaged in unlawful deception since discovering these security vulnerabilities. She alleges that ADT does not warn its customers to take precautions against hacking, and does not inform them that its system uses unencrypted and unauthenticated signals. Id., ¶¶ 38, 42. She further alleges that ADT deliberately refuses to disclose this information because it knows that consumers would not purchase an ADT wireless security system if they knew about these vulnerabilities. Id., ¶45. According to Plaintiff, “customers are much less safe than they think that they are when ADT’s wireless systems are activated.” Id., ¶ 44.
C. Marketing Statements.
Plaintiff also contends that ADT produces advertisements for its wireless security system that are misleading in light of the system’s vulnerabilities. Complaint, ¶¶ 24-29. She points to a number of statements on the company’s website. Id. For example, the website encourages consumers to “get security you can count on every day of the year” and to “live worry-free with ADT Security for less than $1 a Day.” Id., ¶ 25(a), (c) (punctuation and capitalization modified). It states that ADT can provide the customer with a “haven ... armed with 24-hour-a-day protection, 365 days a year.” Id., ¶ 25(b). And it promises “fast, reliable security protection,” explaining:
ADT stays constantly alert with six Customer Monitoring Centers operating day and night across the country. Our Customer Monitoring Centers are nationally connected, equipped with secure communication links and backed by the latest technology so that our security team is always ready to act the moment an incident occurs.
Id., ¶25 (punctuation and capitalization modified).
ADT’s website makes a number of additional claims about the reliability and efficacy of its wireless security system. For example:
• “When you want to do everything you can to safeguard your loved ones, your home and your treasured possessions, you owe it to yourself and your family to talk to us about our continuous 24/7 protection.”
• “When it comes to you and your family’s safety, we let nothing stand in the way of our professionally trained team immediately working to help ensure your safety.”
• “Only home security monitoring provides you and your family with the reassurance that even when no one’s home, you’re protected against unwanted entry and property loss.”
• ‘When the alarm is triggered, every second counts.”
• “When security counts, count on the company with a fast response time.”
Id., ¶ 26.
ADT’s website also emphasizes the technological sophistication of ADT and its products. For example:
• “ADT takes pride in using the most advanced technology.”
• “Only ADT has the most security industry experience, is the leader in innovative security technology, and can provide you with the fastest response times.”
• “Our experience, technology and peo- ■ pie make the difference in your security protection.”
• ‘You invest in ADT home security and automation systems to help protect your loved ones. Your satisfaction is important to us, and is the reason we are committed to providing you with state-of-the-art equipment and service.”
Id., ¶ 28.
D. Facts Specific to Plaintiff.
Plaintiff alleges that she decided to purchase an ADT wireless security system after seeing the web advertisements discussed above. Id., ¶47. On May 29, 2013, she signed a contract under which Defender Security Company — an authorized ADT dealer — agreed to sell and install the system components in her home, and ADT LLC agreed to provide monitoring services using this equipment. Id., ¶48. Plaintiff asserts that ADT Corp. provided Defender Security Company with the equipment it sold to her, but she acknowledges that she had no direct interaction with ADT Corp. Id., ¶ 50.
In November 2014, Plaintiff noticed items moved in her residence on several occasions.- Id., ¶¶ 54-55. These incidents— which Plaintiff characterizes as “security breaches”- — were not detected by her wireless security system. Id. Plaintiff began to research her security system after these incidents, which is when she discovered that the system used.unencrypted and unauthenticated signals. Id., ¶ 56. Plaintiff contends that she would not have purchased her security system or entered into a monitoring contract with ADT LLC if she had known about the system’s lack of encryption and authentication at the time of these transactions. Id., ¶ 57. Notwithstanding her dissatisfaction, Plaintiff remains bound to her contract with ADT LLC and will have to pay a penalty to cancel it. Id., ¶ 58.
E. This Action.
Plaintiff asserts claims against ADT LLC and ADT Corp. for consumer fraud and unjust enrichment, and an additional claim against ADT Corp. for strict products liability. Plaintiff purports to bring this action on behalf of herself and a putative class that includes “[a]ll Arizona residents and entities who entered into an ADT Alarm Services Contract and purchased ADT Corp. wireless security equipment.” Id., ¶ 59. She requests several forms of relief, including actual and punitive damages, an injunction requiring ADT to “secure its wireless systems,” and an injunction requiring ADT to warn class members about the vulnerability of its system. Id., ¶¶ 85, 96,104.
Plaintiff contends that her putative class likely consists of thousands of individuals and entities in Arizona. Id., ¶ 60. She contends that her claims are typical of those possessed by members of the class because (1) all of ADT’s wireless security systems have the same defect (i.e., the lack of encryption or authentication), (2) anyone who purchases monitoring services from ADT LLC must enter the same contract,, and (3) .ADT’s misrepresentations and omissions “were uniformly made to Plaintiff and all Class members.” Id., ¶ 62. Finally, she alleges that she will “fairly and adequately represent and protect the interests of the class,” and that class adjudi- ’ cation is superior to any other mechanism for resolving this controversy. Id., ¶¶ 63-64.
II. ADT Corp.’s Motion to Dismiss.
ADT Corp. contends that it is not subject to this Court’s jurisdiction and
To withstand a 12(b)(2) motion, the plaintiff must show that the defendant is properly subject to the court’s jurisdiction. Mavrix Photo, Inc. v. Brand Techs., Inc.,
The court may order jurisdictional discovery where “pertinent facts bearing on the question of jurisdiction are controverted or where a more satisfactory showing of the facts is necessary.” Data Disc, Inc. v. Sys. Tech. Assocs., Inc.,
ADT Corp. contends that it has no contacts with Arizona. ADT Corp. provides a declaration from Loma R. Simms, its corporate secretary. Doc. 9-1. Simms states that the company has no employees apart from its officers, and conducts no business apart from owning another holding company. Id., ¶3. Simms further states that ADT Corp. does not purchase, package, distribute, or sell alarm equipment or any other goods, and that it conducts no business in Arizona, maintains no offices in Arizona, owns no real property in Arizona, has no employees or agents in Arizona, does not solicit or engage in business in Arizona, and does not advertise in Arizona or elsewhere. Id., ¶¶ 9-17. Simms further states that ADT Corp. is not a member of ADT LLC, is not involved in its operations, and has no right to control it. Id., ¶ 8.
ADT Corp. also provides a declaration from Ryan Petty, ADT LLC’s Vice President of Product Development & Innovation. Doc. 9-2. Petty states that ADT Corp. does not make, package, distribute, or sell alarm equipment, and does not participate in any way in the operations of ADT LLC. Id., ¶¶ 6-7.
Plaintiff argues that AJDT Corp.’s filings with the Security and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) paint a starkly different picture from that set forth in ADT Corp.’s affidavits. For example, a recent Form 10-K filed by ADT Corp. states:
The ADT Corporation.. .is a leading provider of monitored security, interactive home and business automation and related monitoring services in the United States and Canada... .We currently serve approximately 6.7 million residential and small business customers, making us the largest company of our kind in both the United States and Canada.We deliver an integrated customer experience by maintaining the industry’s largest sales, installation, and service field force as well as a robust monitoring network, all backed by the support of approximately 17,500 employees.
Doc. 18-2 at 5.
These statements do not show that ADT Corp. is subject to jurisdiction in Arizona. Courts have recognized that companies may omit distinctions between related corporate entities in their SEC filings, and still insist on these distinctions when haled into court. See Doe v. Unocal Corp.,
Plaintiff also attempts to show that ADT Corp. holds patents for ADT’s security system technology. Doc. 18 at 8. Plaintiff notes that a recent Form 8-K filed by ADT Corp. contains an exhibit titled: “Patent Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2012, by and between Tyco International Ltd. and The ADT Corporation.” Doc. 18-3 at 10. Another exhibit refers to a trademark agreement between several companies, including ADT Corp. Id. Plaintiff does not attach the exhibits or offer the Court any basis for inferring that the agreements relate to products at issue in this case. Moreover, Defendant points the Court to evidence that forecloses the inference that ADT Corp. owns patents or trademarks associated with these products. Doc. 20 (ADT Corp. is not listed as a current or prior owner or assignee of any patent or trademark on the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office database). In light of this evidence, the Court finds that mere references to unspecified patent and trademark agreements in a Form 8-K do not controvert ADT Corp.’s evidence that it has no involvement in the sale of home security equipment.
Finally, Plaintiff notes that ADT Corp. has consented to jurisdiction in other cases pertaining to the ADT wireless security system. Doc. 18 at 9 (citing Doc. 18-4). ADT Corp. explains that it chose to waive its jurisdictional objection in these eases because the distinction between ADT Corp. and ADT LLC was immaterial to the substantive defense the company intended to present. Doc. 19 at 4-5. By contrast, the distinction is material here: Plaintiff is precluded from bringing a strict liability claim against ADT LLC by her contract with the company, which means she can only recover on this claim if ADT Corp. appears as a codefendant. Id. at 5 (citing Complaint, ¶ 96 (“Plaintiff and the members of the Class are not in contractual privity with ADT Corp., and therefore their claims against ADT Corp. are not affected by the economic loss rule.”)). In any event, ADT Corp. does not need to show that it has a good reason for declining to consent to jurisdiction here because “[a] party’s consent to jurisdiction in one case extends to that case alone.” Weisler v. Cmty. Health Sys., Inc., No. CIV. 12-0079 MV/CG,
The Court may exercise general jurisdiction over a defendant when it contacts with Arizona are substantial, or continuous
III. ADT LLC’s Motion to Dismiss.
Plaintiff asserts consumer fraud and unjust enrichment claims against ADT LLC. Complaint, ¶¶ 67-85, 97-104. ADT LLC moves to dismiss these claims under Rule 12(b)(6). Doc. 10 at 3-13.
Legal Standard.
A successful 12(b)(6) motion must show either that the complaint lacks a cognizable legal theory or fails to allege facts sufficient to support its theory. Balistreri v. Pacifica Police Dep’t,
In ruling on a 12(b)(6) motion, the Court takes the plaintiffs well-pleaded factual allegations as true and construes them in the light most favorable to the plaintiff. Cousins v. Lockyer,
B. Arizona Consumer Fraud Act.
The Arizona Consumer Fraud Act (“ACFA”) broadly prohibits fraudulent, deceptive, or misleading conduct in connection with the sale or advertisement of consumer goods and services. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 444522(A). Arizona courts construe the ACFA to provide a right of action on any person damaged by a violation of the Act. Bellinger v. Freeway Mobile Home Sales, Inc.,
Plaintiff asserts that ADT LLC violated ACFA by misrepresenting the reliability and technical sophistication of its wireless security system and by failing to disclose that this system was “unencrypted and unauthenticated, and otherwise insecure.” Complaint, ¶¶ 24-30, 67-85. AJDT LLC argues that this claim is untimely and fails to identify any misrepresentation or consequent damages. Doc. 10 at 5-13.
1. Statute of Limitations.
Private actions under the ACFA are subject to a one-year statute of limitations. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 12-541(5); see Murry v. W. Am. Mortgage Co.,
Plaintiff alleges that she discovered that her wireless security system was unencrypted in November 2014, less than a year before she initiated this action on September 9, 2015. Complaint, ¶¶ 54-56. Defendant argues that she should have discovered this fact in July 2014 when the Forbes article was published. Doc. 10 at 13; see How Your Security System Could Be Used to Spy on You, supra. But whether a consumer exercising reasonable diligence would have discovered the Forbes article, and whether the article provided sufficient notice to trigger the limitations period, are questions of fact that cannot be resolved on a motion to dismiss. As the Arizona Supreme Court has explained, “determinations of the time when discovery occurs and a cause of action accrues are usually and necessarily questions of fact for the jury.” Walk,
2. Misrepresentation.
The ACFA prohibits persons from engaging in “any deception, deceptive or unfair act or practice, fraud, false pretense, false promise, misrepresentation, or concealment, suppression or omission of any material fact with intent that others rely on such concealment, suppression or omission” in connection with the sale or advertisement of consumer goods or services. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 44-1522(A). A statement is “deceptive” if it has the “tendency and capacity to convey misleading impressions to consumers,” even if “interpretations that would not be misleading also are possible.” Madsen v. W. Am. Mortgage Co.,
Plaintiff asserts that ADT LLC violated the ACFA both by making affirmative misrepresentations and by omitting material facts with the intent to deceive prospective buyers. Complaint, ¶¶ 24-46, 67-85. ADT LLC argues that Plaintiff cannot state a claim on either theory because its affirmative statements were only “puffery” and in any case not false or misleading, and because it had no duty to disclose the communications protocol used by its wireless security system.
a. Affirmative Statements.
The complaint does not allege that ADT LLC made any statements about how the components of its wireless security system communicated with one another, whether the system used an encrypted or authenticated signal, or whether the system could be hacked. Instead, the complaint focuses on two types of statements: (1) claims about the reliability and efficacy of the wireless security system — e.g., that it “protects against unwanted entry and property loss” and provides “reliable security protection,” and (2) claims about the technological sophistication of ADT LLC and its product — e.g., that the company “takes pride in using the most advanced technology,” “is the leader in .innovative security technology,” and is “committed to providing.. .state-of-the-art equipment and service.” Complaint, ¶¶ 25-26, 28. The complaint identifies one additional statement as deceptive: the claim that “Our Customer Monitoring Centers are nationally connected, equipped with secure communication links and backed by the latest technology so that our security team is always ready to act the moment an incident occurs.” Id. at ¶ 25 (emphasis added).
ADT LLC contends that these statements cannot give rise to an action for fraud because they are puffery. Doc. 10 at 5-6. In the alternative, it argues that Plaintiff has not pleaded sufficient factual material to establish that any of these claims is false or misleading. Id. at 9. Finally, with respect to the statement about “secure communication links,” ADT LLC argues that this sentence is irrelevant because it clearly describes ADT’s monitoring centers, not its wireless security systems. Id. at 24.
Puffery is “[t]he expression of an exaggerated opinion — as opposed to a factual representation — with the intent to sell a good or service.” Black’s Law Dictionary (10th ed. 2014). Because puffery is a subjective characterization of a product’s value rather than a representation of fact, it cannot give rise to a fraud claim. See Law v. Sidney,
ADT LLC cites several out-of-state cases dealing with similar claims made by
The Court agrees that certain claims, made by ADT LLC about the efficacy of its wireless security system are puffery. For example, the company’s claim that its system provides “worry-free” living (Complaint, ¶ 25(c)) is a statement of opinion, not fact. This claim is not amenable to general verification or falsification because its truth or falsity for a particular consumer depends as much on the characteristics of that consumer as the efficacy of the product. An abnormally anxious consumer might find it impossible to achieve “worry-free” living even in a fortified bunker, while an abnormally easygoing consumer might find it possible to achieve worry-free living without any security system at all. For similar reasons, it is impossible to provide an objective answer to the question whether “you owe it to yourself and your family to talk to [ADT].” Id., ¶ 26(a).
But when ADT LLC claims that its wireless security system “protects against unwanted entry and property loss” and provides “reliable security protection” (id., ¶¶ 25(d), 26(c)), it is not simply expressing an opinion. At least in some circumstances, the reliability and efficacy of a security system are facts that can be measured and quantified. For example, if a company’s system fails often, it may be false and misleading to represent that the system is “reliable,” notwithstanding the imprecision of that term. Similarly, if customers using a company’s security system are just as likely to be burgled as those without a security system, it is false and misleading for the company to represent that its system protects against burglary.
With respect to ADT LLC’s statements about its technological sophistication, ADT LLC cites six cases, including one from within this circuit, for the proposition that “[g]eneral marketing statements regarding advanced or ‘state-of-the-art’ technology are nonactionable puffery.” Doc. 10 at 8.
With respect to ADT LLC’s statement that “Our Customer Monitoring Centers are ... equipped with secure communication links,” Plaintiff urges the Court to follow the Central District of Illinois in holding that the company’s customers may state a misrepresentation claim based on this statement. Doc. 17 at 5-6 (citing Baker v. ADT Corp., No. 2:15-cv-02038-CSB-EIL at 16-17, (C.D. Ill. Oct. 5, 2015)). ADT LLC counters that “[n]o rational consumer could parse the clear syntax of that sentence to mean that the signals of her home’s wireless alarm components are encrypted.” Doc. 24 at 10.
Although the tendency of a statement to mislead is determined from the perspective of the “least sophisticated reader,” Madsen,
But that is not the end of the matter. A consumer might infer from ADT LLC’s use of secure communication links at its monitoring centers that the company would also provide secure communication links to its home-based security systems. After all, those systems are the key locations — where the monitoring of dangerous activity actually occurs. If a consumer could reasonably make this inference, ADT LLC may be liable for this statement even though the statement does not speak directly to the communication protocol used by its home security systems. See Madsen,
b. Omissions.
Plaintiff alleges that “ADT does not notify customers that their systems are unencrypted or insufficiently secure.” Complaint, ¶38. Plaintiff contends that this constitutes an omission of material fact that is actionable under the ACFA. Doc. 17 at 4-5. ADT LLC counters that it had no duty to disclose the communications protocols used by its wireless security system. Doc. 10 at 10.
The ACFA prohibits “concealment, suppression or omission of any material fact with intent that others rely on such concealment, suppression or omission” in connection with the sale or advertisement of consumer goods or services. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 44-1522(A). A claim under the ACFA’s omission clause “requires proof that the omission is material and made with intent that a consumer rely thereon.” State ex rel. Horne v. AutoZone, Inc.,
ADT LLC contends that a claim under the ACFA’s omission clause must also show that the defendant was subject to a duty to disclose the omitted information under the common law or another statute. ADT LLC cites Loomis v. U.S. Bank Home Mortgage,
Plaintiff has the better of the argument. Home is the Arizona Supreme Court’s most recent statement on the question, and it states in no uncertain terms that the ACFA “itself imposes [an] actionable duty.. .to refrain from.. .an ’omission of any material fact with intent that others rely’ thereon.”
Plaintiff has adequately pleaded the other elements of an omission claim. Docs. 10 at 10; 24 at 11-12. Plaintiff alleges that ADT LLC deliberately failed to disclose the fact that its wireless security system uses an unencrypted protocol and that this omission was material. Complaint, ¶¶ 45, 57, 81. The complaint further alleges that this omission was “designed to mislead customers.” Id., ¶45. The complaint alleges sufficient factual material to render these allegations plausible. See id., ¶¶ 31-34. Therefore, the Court concludes that Plaintiff has stated a claim under the ACFA’s omission clause.
3. Damages.
To state a claim under the ACFA, Plaintiff must allege that she has been damaged by ADT LLC’s violation of the Act. Nataros v. Fine Arts Gallery of Scottsdale, Inc.,
4. Conclusion.
Plaintiff fails to state a claim under the ACFA based on ADT LLC’s statements about its technological sophistication (Complaint, ¶ 28), its promise to provide “worry-free” living (id., ¶ 25(c)), or its claim that “you owe it to yourself and your family to talk to [ADT],” (id., ¶ 26(a)). The Court will grant ADT LLC’s motion to dismiss as to these statements. Plaintiff has stated a claim, however, based on ADT LLC’s statements about the reliability and efficacy of its alarm system and its repre
C. Unjust Enrichment.
“Unjust enrichment occurs when one party has and retains money or benefits that in justice and equity belong to another.” Trustmark Ins. Co. v. Bank One, Ariz., NA,
ADT LLC does not dispute that Plaintiff has adequately pleaded the first four elements of an unjust enrichment claim. Instead, it argues that Plaintiff cannot establish the absence of a legal remedy because she can bring an action for fraud and because she is party to a monitoring contract with ADT LLC. Doc. 10 at 3-4.
In support of its first argument, ADT LLC cites Stratton v. American Medical Security,
In support of its second argument, ADT LLC points to several Arizona cases holding that the doctrine of unjust enrichment has no application “where there is a specific contract which governs the relationship of the parties.” Brooks v. Valley Nat’l Bank,
A contract normally bars an action for unjust enrichment because it precludes a finding that the plaintiff is without an adequate remedy at law — a party deprived of benefits due under a contract generally has the ability to enforce the contract. See Burge v. Freelife Int’l, Inc., No. 09-CV-1159-PHX-JA,
The Court cannot conclude that Plaintiffs monitoring contract with ADT LLC specifically governs the rights and obligations at issue here. Therefore, the Court will not dismiss Plaintiffs unjust enrichment claim.
IV. ADT LLC’s Motion to Strike.
A court “may order stricken from any pleading... any redundant, immaterial, impertinent, or scandalous matter.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(f). Although generally disfavored, a motion to strike may be granted where necessary to spare the parties the time and expense associated with “litigating spurious issues.” Sidney-Vinstein v. A.H. Robins Co.,
Motions to strike class allegations are particularly disfavored because it is rarely easy to determine before discovery whether the allegations are meritorious. See Baughman v. Roadrunner Commc’ns, No. CV-12-565-PHX-SMM,
The question raised by ADT LLC’s motion is whether a violation of the ACFA can ever give rise to a class action under Rule 23(b)(3). To maintain a class action, a prospective class representative must establish four prerequisites: “(1) the class is so numerous that joinder of all members is impracticable; (2) there are questions of law or fact common to the class; (3) the claims or defenses of the representative parties are typical of the claims or defenses of the class; and (4) the representative parties will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class.” Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a). To maintain a class action under Rule 23(b)(3), a prospective class representative must also show “that the questions of law or fact common to class members predominate over any questions affecting only individual members, and that a class action is superior to other available methods for fairly and efficiently adjudicating the controversy.”
A finding of predominance is generally warranted in a consumer fraud case if each class member was exposed to a substantially similar misrepresentation and manifested a similar kind and degree of reliance. In re First All Mortgage Co.,
ADT LLC argues that class certification is categorically unavailable in ACFA cases. Doc. 24 at 1-2. It notes that the ACFA requires each plaintiff to show that she actually relied on the defendant’s misrepresentation, and cites Stratton v. American Medical Security, Inc.,
ADT LLC has not shown that it is clear beyond reasonable dispute that the ACFA claim cannot be certified as a class action. ADT LLC argues that certification is barred by Stratton, but there are a number of ways that case could plausibly be distinguished. First, Stratton dealt with an affirmative misrepresentation claim; the Court went out of its way to emphasize that the plaintiff was not asserting a material omission.
Plaintiff has a number of colorable arguments as to why class certification may be appropriate in this case. The Court need not decide whether any of these arguments is meritorious. It is enough to recognize that the argument presented by ADT LLC involves a “disputed and substantial question! ] of law,” which the Court should not decide on a motion to strike. Salcer,
IT IS ORDERED:
1. ADT Corp.’s motion to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction (Doc. 9) is granted.
2. ADT LLC’s motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim (Doc. 10) is granted with respect to any ACFA claims based on statements set forth in Paragraphs 25(c), 26(a), or 28 of the Complaint.
3. ADT LLC’s motion to dismiss is otherwise denied.
4. ADT LLC’s motion to strike (Doc. 10) is denied.
Notes
. None of ADT LLC's cases are to the contrary. Tylka v. Gerber Products Co. involved a statement that was obviously exaggerated — no reasonable consumer would rely on a company’s superlative-laden claim to provide the "most wholesome nutritious safe foods you can buy anywhere in the world.” In contrast, there is nothing exaggerated about ADT LLC’s claim to provide "reliable security protection.” Isbell v. Carnival Corp. and related cases are also distinguishable. These cases hold that an injured traveler cannot sue his travel company based on the company’s representation that it provides "safe and reliable” vacations. Such a representation is not refuted by one instance where a traveler has an unsafe vacation. By contrast, ADT LLC's
. Robins Printing Co. v. Crosfield Elecs., Inc.,
. Loomis relied instead on the Arizona Court of Appeals’ decision in Home, which was vacated by the Arizona Supreme Court on the precise question at issue here. See Home,
. The Court does not reach Plaintiff’s alternative argument that ADT LLC was under a common law duty to disclose the omitted information. Doc. 17 at 5.
. ADT LLC cites Johnson v. KB Home,
. The Court need not reach Plaintiff's alternative argument that the contract is no bar to her claim because it was induced by fraud. Doc. 17 at 8.