8 S.D. 56 | S.D. | 1895
This is an action brought by respondent, as plaintiff, against the appellant, upon a promissory note made by him to W. L. White, and by him indorsed before maturity to the respondent. Appellant admitted the making of the note, but set up an affirmative defense. It being obvious that the admissibility of such defense depended upon whether the note was negotiable or not, the attention of the trial court was first directed to that question, and, having determined that the note was negotiable, ruled out the affirmative defense,' and rendered judgment against the appellant. From such judgment, and an order refusing a motion for a new trial, this appeal is taken.
The note was dated and payable at Sioux City, Iowa, and though actually signed by appellant at Canton, S. D., was by him sent to Sioux City, to be delivered to the payee, if the title to the land for which it was given in part payment should be found satisfactory to appellant; and it was afterwards, by direction of appellant, delivered to the payee, at Sioux City, so that there can be little doubt that it should be treated as an Iowa contract.
As to respondent’s objection that the bill of exceptions contains no specification of ‘ ‘the particular errors of law upon which the parties will rely,” or the particulars in which the evidence is alleged to be insufficient, it would seem that a reference to the statute itself ought to be sufficient. Its requirement in this respect seems exceedingly clear and perspicuous, and yet a good many cases come here in which this rule of the statute is entirely ignored. This provision was not intended as a mere suggestion of what would be a good and proper way in which to make such record, but was intended to, and does very expressly, prescribe the way in which it must be done, and declares that unless it is so done the bill' of exceptions or statement shall be disregarded. The requirement is not an arbitrary or formal one, but an essential element of the statutory plan for making a record for the review of a case. During the progress of a trial it generally occurs that exceptions are taken, which, upon more mature reflection, the exceptor himself does not regard as tenable, and upon which he would not rely on a review of the case. In his proposed bill of exceptions or statement, he puts in only so much of the evidence or other matters as is necessary to explain the exceptions upon which he intends to rely. Unless he therein specify the particular errors which he intends to urge and rely upon, and the particulars in which he claims the evidence is insufficient, the adverse party is unable intelligently to prepare amendments. He is entitled to be advised of what particular points will be urged as error, so that he may judge for himself whether the proposed bill or- statement does present so much of the evidence as is necessary to explain the exceptions to be relied upon, or to sustain the verdict or decision of the court. The trial judge is also an interested party.- He is to settle the bill or statement upon which his rulings will be sustained or reversed. He, too, is entitled
We have gone over this ground thus fully, not expecting to present anything new, but hoping that a reminder of this sort may lead to a' more careful observance of the rules of the statute as to the manner of making up a record for review — a record upon which the reviewing court may fairly and justly consider the merits of the controversy, without first being obliged to resort to some artful and ingenious excuse for treating as a good record what the statute does not recognize as such. In this case the appellant claims that as the motion for a new trial did contain the necessary specifications, and was presented to the court at the same time the bill of exceptions was presented to the judge for settlement, the purpose of the statute is fully accomplished. Perhaps the abstract was intended to so show. It says, “The bill of exceptions was settled by stipulation of the parties as being correct, and the motion for a new trial was also submitted by stipulation on the 30th day of January, 1895, and on that day the court made the following order denying the motion.” Reading this language to mean that the motion for a new trial and the bill of exceptions were presented to the judge at the same time, it would not meet the requirements of the statute that the bill of exceptions shall contain the specifications. The statute is so plain, and to follow it is so easy, that both court and bar should discourage any material departure from it.
But passing what we think is a serious defect in the record, without meaning it as an indication that we will continue to do so in the future, we will notice the merits of the controversy. It is agreed by both sides that the real and only question in the case is whether the trial court should have treated the note sued upon as negotiable; for, if so, it passed to the plaintiff as an innocent holder, against whom, in an action on