205 F. 40 | 1st Cir. | 1913
The defendant railroad was charged with having hauled on its lines between Palmer, Mass., and New London, Conn., three cars not equipped as required by the Safety Appliance Act (Act March 2, 1893, c. 196, 27 Stat. 531 [U. S. Comp. St. 1901, p. 3174]).
There was uncontradicted evidence tending to show that although each of the cars was equipped with automatic couplers, the coupler on one end of each of them was not in good working order, but had the chain connecting its operating lever with the lockpin of the coupler broken. A coupler with the chain thus broken cannot be operated, so as to release the coupler of the adjoining car, without the necessity of going between the ends of the cars. Since the lock-pin cannot be lifted by means of the lever, it is necessary to lift it by hand, and this involves going between the cars in order to reach it.
There was also uncontradicted evidence, however, that none of those couplers belonging to adjoining cars, with which the defective couplers interlocked as the train was made up, were also defective, and that
The District Court refused to rule that upon the evidence the plaintiff could not recover the penalties demanded under the act, or to rule that in order to recover them the plaintiff must prove it impossible to uncouple each car in question from the car to which it was coupled without the necessity of a man’s going between the two cars, or to rule that if it was possible so to uncouple the tWo cars the act was not violated, even though one of the two coupled cars did not have an uncoupling lever in working order. The court charged the jury, in substance, that if they believed the testimony of the plaintiff’s witnesses they should find in its favor. The jury having found for the plaintiff, the defendant has excepted to the above rulings and refusals.
We think the refusals and rulings were right. What the act forbids is the hauling of “any car” not equipped as the act requires. Each car, under the act, must have couplers which can be uncoupled without requiring men to go between-the cars. íf these requirements are not complied with in the case of a given car, the noncompliance cannot be excused by saying that some other car coupled to it at the time had couplers which did answer the requirements of the act. As was said by the Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit, in Wabash R. Co. v. U. S., 168 Fed. 1, 5, 93 C. C. A. 393, 397:
“Under the act each car is a unit, and must itself be completely equipped, so that trainmen may go about their work without charging their memories with differences between cars.”
To the same effect are U. S. v. Denver, etc., R. Co., 163 Fed. 519, 90 C. C. A. 329, and Norfolk, etc., Ry. Co. v. U. S., 177 Fed 623, 101 C. C. A. 249, both Court of Appeals decisions. U. S. v. Montpelier, etc., R. Co., 175 Fed. 874, decided in the District Court for Vermont, related to an engine having no coupling lever, and its authority, if it decides anything to the contrary of the above, must yield to that of the Court of Appeals decisions above cited. We are unable, therefore, to sustain any of the exceptions.
The judgment of the District Court is affirmed, and the defendant in error recovers costs in this court.