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*0 FILED IN 12th COURT OF APPEALS TYLER, TEXAS 2/18/2015 3:52:22 PM CATHY S. LUSK Clerk *1 ACCEPTED 12-14-00201-CR TWELFTH COURT OF APPEALS TYLER, TEXAS 2/18/2015 3:52:22 PM CATHY LUSK CLERK NO ORAL ARGUMENT R E Q U E S T ED C A U SE N O. 1 2 - 1 4 - 0 0 2 0 1 - CR IN T HE C O U RT OF A P P E A LS T W E L F TH D I S T R I CT OF T E X AS T Y L E R, T E X AS C E D R I CK L E W IS A p p e l l a nt v s.
T HE S T A TE OF T E X A S, A p p e l l ee A p p e al in C a u se N o. 3 1 1 89 On A p p e al f r om t he T h i rd J u d i c i al D i s t r i ct C o u rt of A n d e r s on C o u n t y, T e x as B R I EF F OR A P P E L L A NT P h i l ip C. F l e t c h er T e x as B ar N o. 0 0 7 8 7 4 78 8 00 N o r th M a l l a rd P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 01 T e l e p h o ne N o .: ( 9 0 3) 7 3 1 - 4 4 40 F a c s i m i le N o .: ( 9 0 3 ) 7 3 1 - 4 4 74 E m a i l: f l e t c h l a w @ y a h o o . c om A T T O R N EY F OR A P P E L L A NT *2 T A B LE OF CONTENTS P A GE N O.
T a b le of C o n t e n ts 2
L i st of A u t h o r i t i es 3
A p p e a r a n c es 4
A d d r e ss to t he C o u rt 5
S t a t e m e nt of t he C a se 6
I s s ue P r e s e n t ed 7
S t a t e m e nt of F a c ts 8
S u m m a ry of t he A r g u m e nt 9
A r g u m e n t, P o i nt of E r r or N u m b er O ne 10
P r a y er 13
C e r t i f i c a te of C o m p l i a n ce - T e x as R u l es of A p p e l l a te P r o c e d u re 9 . 4 ( i ) ( 3) 14
C e r t i f i c a te of S e r v i ce 15
LIST OF AUTHORITIES C A S E S: P A GE N O.
Cookv. State, 902S.W.2d471,480(Tex.Cr.App. 1995) 11
STATUTES: P A GE N O.
T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 0 1 ( 1) 10
T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 0 1 ( 2) 10
T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 04 10
CONSTITUTION: P A GE N O.
T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on A r t i c le I, §10 10
T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on A r t i c le V, §12(b) 10
A P P E A R A N C ES P u r s u a nt to Rule 38.1 (a), T e x as R u l es of A p p e l l a te P r o c e d u r e, A p p e l l a te p r o v i d es
a c o m p l e te l i st of a ll p a r t i es a nd n a m es a nd a d d r e s s es of C o u n s e l:
T r i al D e f e n d a n t: C e d r i ck L e w is
T r i al D e f e n d a n t 's C o u n s e l: C o l in D. M c F a ll
A t t o r n ey at L aw 6 17 E a st L a cy S t r e e t, S u i te 1 06 P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 0 1 - 2 9 65 T e l e p h o n e: ( 9 0 3 ) 7 2 3 - 1 9 23 F a c s i m i l e: ( 9 0 3) 7 2 3 - 0 2 69 T r i al S t a t e 's C o u n s e l: S c o tt H o l d en
E r i ca M o r g an A n d e r s on C o u n ty A s s i s t a nt D i s t r i ct A t t o r n ey 5 00 N o r th C h u r ch S t r e et P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 01 T e l e p h o n e: ( 9 0 3) 7 2 3 - 7 4 00 F a c s i m i l e: ( 9 0 3) 7 2 3 - 7 8 18 A p p e l l a n t: C e d r i ck L e w is
A p p e l l a n t 's C o u n s e l: P h i l ip C. F l e t c h er
A t t o r n ey at L aw 8 00 N o r th M a l l a rd S t r e et P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 01 T e l e p h o n e: ( 9 0 3 ) 7 3 1 - 4 4 40 F a c s i m i l e: ( 9 0 3 ) 7 3 1 - 4 4 74 A p p e l l e e 's C o u n s e l: S c o tt H o l d en
A n d e r s on C o u n ty A s s i s t a nt D i s t r i ct A t t o r n ey 5 00 N o r th C h u r ch S t r e et P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 01 T e l e p h o n e: ( 9 0 3) 7 2 3 - 7 4 00 F a c s i m i l e: ( 9 0 3) 7 2 3 - 7 8 18 *5 C A U SE N O. 1 2 - 1 4 - 0 0 2 0 1 - CR IN T HE C O U RT OF A P P E A LS T W E L F TH D I S T R I CT OF T E X AS T Y L E R, T E X AS C E D R I CK L E W IS A p p e l l a nt v s.
T HE S T A TE OF T E X A S, A p p e l l ee A p p e al in C a u se N o. 3 1 1 89 On A p p e al f r om t he T h i rd J u d i c i al D i s t r i ct C o u rt of A n d e r s on C o u n t y, T e x as B R I EF F OR A P P E L L A NT TO T HE H O N O R A B LE J U S T I C ES OF T HE C O U RT OF A P P E A L S:
C O M ES N O W, C E D R I CK L E W I S, h e r e i n a f t er r e f e r r ed to as A p p e l l a n t, a nd s u b m i ts
t h is B r i ef in s u p p o rt of t he A p p e l l a n t 's r e q u e st t h at j u d g m e nt r e n d e r ed in C a u se N u m b er
3 1 1 89 be r e v e r s e d.
STATEMENT OF THE C A SE A p p e l l a nt w as i n d i c t ed in C a u se N u m b er 3 1 1 89 w i th t he o f f e n s es of A g g r a v a t ed
K i d n a p p i ng a nd U n a u t h o r i z ed U se of a M o t or V e h i c l e. T h e se o f f e n s es w e re a l l e g ed to
h a ve o c c u r r ed on D e c e m b er 1 8, 2 0 1 2, in A n d e r s on C o u n t y, T e x a s. A p p e l l a nt p l ed n ot
g u i l ty to t h e se c h a r g e s. On J u ne 10 t h ru 1 6, 2 0 1 4, t h e se c a s es w e re t r i ed to a j u r y. T he
j u ry f o u nd A p p e l l a nt g u i l ty of t he l e s s er i n c l u d ed c h a r g es of A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed
K i d n a p p i ng a nd U n a u t h o r i z ed U se of a M o t or V e h i c l e. On J u ne 1 6, 2 0 1 4, t he C o u rt
a s s e s s ed A p p e l l a n t 's p u n i s h m e nt f or C a u se N u m b er 3 1 1 89 at e i g h ty ( 8 0) y e a rs in t he
T e x as D e p a r t m e nt of C r i m i n al J u s t i ce on 20 c o u n ts of A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng
a nd t wo ( 2) y e a rs S t a te J a il on U n a u t h o r i z ed U se of a M o t or V e h i c l e. On J u ly 1 4, 2 0 1 4,
A p p e l l a nt t i m e ly g a ve h is N o t i ce of A p p e al to t h is H o n o r a b le C o u r t. A p p e l l a nt n ow t i m e ly
f i l es t h is B r i ef in s u p p o rt of t he A p p e l l a n t 's r e q u e st t h at t he j u d g m e n ts of c o n v i c t i on f or
A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng r e n d e r ed in C a u se N u m b er 3 1 1 89 be r e v e r s e d.
I S S U ES P R E S E N T ED Point of Error Number One: T he j u d g m e n ts of c o n v i c t i on f or A t t e m p t ed
A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng a re v o id b e c a u se t he t r i al c o u rt l a c k ed j u r i s d i c t i on in t h at t he
p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt d id n ot a l l e ge t he c o m m i s s i on of a ny o f f e n s e s.
STATEMENT OF FACTS POINT OF E R R OR NUMBER ONE:
A p p e l l a nt w as p u r p o r t e d ly c h a r g ed w i th t h i r ty ( 3 0) c o u n ts of t he o f f e n se of
A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng by i n d i c t m e nt w h i ch r e ad in p e r t i n e nt p a rt t h at " C E D R IC
B E R N A RD L E W I S, on or a b o ut t he 1 8 '^ d ay of D e c e m b e r, 2 0 1 2, a nd b e f o re t he
p r e s e n t m e nt of s a id i n d i c t m e n t, in s a id C o u n ty a nd S t a t e, d id t h en t h e r e, w i th t he i n t e nt to
f a c i l i t a te t he c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o n y, t o - w i t: U n a u t h o r i z ed U se of a V e h i c l e, or to f a c i l i t a te
t he f l i g ht a f t er t he a t t e m pt or c o m m i s s i on of s a id f e l o n y, i n t e n t i o n a l ly or k n o w i n g ly a b d u ct
( i n s e rt n a me of a l l e g ed v i c t i m) by r e s t r i c t i ng t he m o v e m e n ts of s a id ( i n s e rt n a me of a l l e g ed
v i c t i m) w i t h o ut h i s / h er c o n s e nt so as to i n t e r f e re w i th h i s / h er l i b e r t y, by m o v i ng h i m / h er f r om
o ne p l a ce to a n o t h e r, c o n f i n i ng h i m / h e r, w i th t he i n t e nt to p r e v e nt h i s / h er l i b e r a t i o n, or by
s e c r e t i ng or h o l d i ng h i m / h er in a p l a ce w h e re h e / s he w as n ot l i k e ly to be f o u n d ." ( C l e r k 's
R e c o rd p g s. 8 - 2 2)
SUMMARY OF THE ARGUMENT POINT OF E R R OR NUMBER ONE:
A p p e l l a n t 's j u d g m e n ts of c o n v i c t i on f or A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng a re v o id
b e c a u se t he t r i al c o u rt l a c k ed j u r i s d i c t i on in t h at t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt d id n ot e s t a b l i sh
t he c o n s t i t u t i o n al r e q u i s i t es of an i n d i c t m e nt as r e q u i r ed by A r t i c le V, §12(b) a nd A r t i c le
I, §10 of t he T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on by f a i l i ng to a l l e ge t he c o m m i s s i on of an o f f e n s e.
A l t h o u gh t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt i n t e n ds to a l l e ge t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed
K i d n a p p i n g, t he i n c l u s i on of t he w o rd " o r" b e t w e en t he d e f i n i t i on of r e s t r a in a nd o ne of t he
m e a ns by w h i ch a p e r s on c an be r e s t r a i n ed d o es n ot c o n s t i t u t i o n a l ly c h a r ge t he
c o m m i s s i on of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g. T he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt w h o l ly f a i l ed to c h a r ge
A p p e l l a nt w i th t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g, a nd t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt f a i l ed
to c o m p ly w i th t he c o n s t i t u t i o n al d e f i n i t i on of an i n d i c t m e nt as r e q u i r ed by A r t i c le V, §12(b)
a nd A r t i c le I, §10.
S i n ce t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt in t h is c a se w as c o n s t i t u t i o n a l ly d e f i c i e nt a nd d id n ot
v e st t he t r i al c o u rt w i th j u r i s d i c t i o n, A p p e l l a n f 's c o n v i c t i on is v o i d. As a r e s u l t, t h is c o u rt
m u st r e v e r se t he j u d g m e n t.
ARGUMENT POINT OF E R R OR NUMBER ONE A p p e l l a n t 's j u d g m e n ts of c o n v i c t i on f or A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng a re v o id
b e c a u se t he t r i al c o u rt l a c k ed j u r i s d i c t i on in t h at t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt d id n ot e s t a b l i sh
t he c o n s t i t u t i o n al r e q u i s i t es of an i n d i c t m e nt as r e q u i r ed by A r t i c le V, §12(b) a nd A r t i c le
I, §10 of t he T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on by f a i l i ng to a l l e ge t he c o m m i s s i on of an o f f e n s e.
T he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt a t t e m p ts to a l l e ge t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g.
T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 04 s t a t es t h a t:
" ( a) a p e r s on c o m m i ts an o f f e n se if he i n t e n t i o n a l ly or k n o w i ng a b d u c ts a n o t h er
p e r s on w i th t he i n t e nt t o:
( 3) f a c i l i t a te t he c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o ny or t he f l i g ht a f t er t he a t t e m pt or c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o n y ." T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 0 1 ( 2) d e f i n es t he w o rd " a b d u c t ."
( 2) " A b d u c t" m e a ns to r e s t r a in a p e r s on w i th i n t e nt to p r e v e nt h is l i b e r a t i on b y:
( A) s e c r e t i ng or h o l d i ng h im in a p l a ce w h e re he is n ot l i k e ly to be f o u n d; or ( B) u s i ng or t h r e a t e n i ng to u se d e a d ly f o r c e.
T e x as P e n al C o de S e c t i on 2 0 . 0 1 ( 1) d e f i n es t he w o rd " r e s t r a i n ."
( 1) " R e s t r a i n" m e a ns to r e s t r i ct a p e r s o n 's m o v e m e n ts w i t h o ut c o n s e n t, so as to
i n t e r f e re s u b s t a n t i a l ly w i th t he p e r s o n 's l i b e r t y, by m o v i ng t he p e r s on f r om o ne p l a ce to
a n o t h er or by c o n f i n i ng t he p e r s o n.
A r t i c le I § 10 of t he T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on p r o v i d es t h at " . . . no p e r s on s h a ll be h e ld to
a n s w er f or a c r i m i n al o f f e n s e, u n l e ss on an i n d i c t m e nt of a g r a nd j u r y . . ." A r t i c le V, §12(b)
of t he T e x as C o n s t i t u t i on d e f i n es an " i n d i c t m e n t" as a "a w r i t t en i n s t r u m e nt p r e s e n t ed to
a c o u rt by a g r a nd j u ry c h a r g i ng a p e r s on w i th t he c o m m i s s i on of an o f f e n s e ." A v a l id
c h a r g i ng i n s t r u m e nt m u st be p r e s e n t ed to t he t r i al c o u rt in o r d er to v e st t he t r i al c o u rt w i th
j u r i s d i c t i on to h e ar t he c a s e.
In t he p r e s e nt c a s e, t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt d o es n ot a l l e ge t he c o m m i s s i on of an
o f f e n s e. T he p u r p o r t ed c h a r g i ng i n s t r u m e nt f a i ls to m e et t he c o n s t i t u t i o n al d e f i n i t i on of an
i n d i c t m e nt as r e q u i r ed by A r t i c le V§12(b) a nd A r t i c le I §10. A p p e l l a nt h as a c o n s t i t u t i o n al
r i g ht to a c h a r g i ng i n s t r u m e nt s u f f i c i e nt to c o n s t i t u te an i n d i c t m e n t. A v a l id i n d i c t m e nt is
r e q u i r ed to v e st t he t r i al c o u rt w i th j u r i s d i c t i on to h e ar t he c a se a nd it is n ot s u b j e ct to
w a i v e r. Cook v. State, 902 S.W.2d471, 480 (Tex.Cr.App. 1995).
A p e r s on c o m m i ts t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g, if w i th t he i n t e nt to f a c i l i t a te t he c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o ny or t he f l i g ht a f t er t he a t t e m pt or c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o n y,
a p e r s on i n t e n t i o n a l ly or k n o w i n g ly r e s t r i ct a p e r s o n 's m o v e m e n ts w i t h o ut c o n s e n t, so as
to i n t e r f e re s u b s t a n t i a l ly w i th t he p e r s o n 's l i b e r t y, by m o v i ng t he p e r s on f r om o ne p l a ce to
a n o t h er or by c o n f i n i ng t he p e r s on w i th i n t e nt to p r e v e nt h is l i b e r a t i on by s e c r e t i ng or
h o l d i ng h im in a p l a ce w h e re he is n ot l i k e ly to be f o u n d. T he w o r d i ng in t he p u r p o r t ed
i n d i c t m e nt in t he p r e s e nt c a se a l l e g es " C E D R IC B E R N A RD L E W I S, on or a b o ut t he 1 8 '^
d ay of D e c e m b e r, 2 0 1 2, a nd b e f o re t he p r e s e n t m e nt of s a id i n d i c t m e n t, in s a id C o u n ty a nd
S t a t e, d id t h en t h e r e, w i th t he i n t e nt to f a c i l i t a te t he c o m m i s s i on of a f e l o n y, t o - w i t:
U n a u t h o r i z ed U se of a V e h i c l e, or to f a c i l i t a te t he f l i g ht a f t er t he a t t e m pt or c o m m i s s i on of
s a id f e l o n y, i n t e n t i o n a l ly or k n o w i n g ly a b d u ct ( i n s e rt n a me of a l l e g ed v i c t i m) by r e s t r i c t i ng
t he m o v e m e n ts of s a id ( i n s e rt n a me of a l l e g ed v i c t i m) w i t h o ut h i s / h er c o n s e nt so as to
i n t e r f e re w i th h i s / h er l i b e r t y, by m o v i ng h i m / h er f r om o ne p l a ce to a n o t h e r, c o n f i n i ng
h i m / h e r, w i th t he i n t e nt to p r e v e nt h i s / h er l i b e r a t i o n, or by s e c r e t i ng or h o l d i ng h i m / h er in a
p l a ce w h e re h e / s he w as n ot l i k e ly to be f o u n d ."
A l t h o u gh t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt i n t e n ds to a l l e ge t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g, t he i n c l u s i on of t he w o rd " o r" b e t w e en t he d e f i n i t i on of r e s t r a in a nd o ne of t he
m e a ns by w h i ch a p e r s on c an be r e s t r a i n ed d o es n ot c o n s t i t u t i o n a l ly c h a r ge t he
c o m m i s s i on of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g. T he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt w h o l ly f a i l ed to c h a r ge
A p p e l l a nt w i th t he o f f e n se of A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i n g, a nd t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt f a i l ed
to c o m p ly w i th t he c o n s t i t u t i o n al d e f i n i t i on of an i n d i c t m e nt as r e q u i r ed by A r t i c le V, §12(b)
a nd A r t i c le I, §10.
S i n ce t he p u r p o r t ed i n d i c t m e nt in t h is c a se w as c o n s t i t u t i o n a l ly d e f i c i e nt a nd d id n ot v e st t he t r i al c o u rt w i th j u r i s d i c t i o n, A p p e l l a n fs c o n v i c t i on is v o i d. As a r e s u l t, t h is
c o u rt m u st r e v e r se t he j u d g m e n t.
P R A Y ER F or t he a b o ve a nd f o r e g o i ng r e a s o n s, A p p e l l a nt p r a ys t h at A p p e l l a n t 's c o n v i c t i o ns
f or A t t e m p t ed A g g r a v a t ed K i d n a p p i ng in C a u se N o. 1 2 - 1 4 - 0 0 2 0 1 - C R, a p p e a l ed in C a u se
N o. 3 1 1 89 f r om t he T h i rd J u d i c i al D i s t r i ct C o u rt of A n d e r s on C o u n t y, T e x a s, be r e v e r s e d. J t e s p e c t f u l ly s u b m i t t e d,
On n
P H I L IP C. F L E T C H ER A t t o r n ey f or A p p e l l a nt *14 CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE T E X AS R U L ES OF A P P E L L A TE P R O C E D U RE 9.4(i)(3) I c e r t i fy t h at a c c o r d i ng to t he M i c r o s o ft W o rd p r o g r a m 's w o r d - c o u nt f u n c t i o n, t he b r i ef
f i l ed in t h is m a t t er c o n t a i ns 1 , 0 70 w o r ds e x c l u d i ng t he c a p t i o n, i d e n t i ty of p a r t i es a nd
c o u n s e l, t a b le of c o n t e n t s, i n d ex of a u t h o r i t i e s, s t a t e m e nt of t he c a s e, s t a t e m e nt of i s s u es
p r e s e n t e d, s i g n a t u r e, p r o of of s e r v i c e, c e r t i f i c a t i on a nd c e r t i f i c a te of c o m p l i a n c e.
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S t r e e t, P a l e s t i n e, T e x as 7 5 8 0 1, on t hi of F e b r u a r y, 2 0 1 5.
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