Carpenter v. Smith, 272 S.W. 128

272 S.W. 128 | Tex. Comm'n App. | 1925

BISHOP, J.

The land in controversy was the community property of J. S. Smith and wife. Subsequent to the death of his wife, the following instrument was executed:

“Laredo, Tex., April 16, 1919.

“In consideration of 55.00 the receipt of which is acknowledged and other considerations, I transfer to S. J. Carpenter or assigns, all oil, gas and mineral rights of 1,300 acres, more or less, a body of land owned by me situated in Webb county, Texas, east of the Texas & Mexico Railroad at or near the station of Reiser. S. J. Carpenter or assigns have permission to build and -maintain on said land all necessary storage tanks, pipe lines, pumps and power stations and buildings.

“It is understood and agreed, the undersigned, his heirs or executors are to receive one-fourth of all Cash, stocks, bonds or royalties derived from mineral, gas or oil rights on above described land by said S. J. Carpenter.

“J. S. Smith.

“S. J. Carpenter.”

The defendants in error, who are the children and heirs of J. S. Smith and wife, after his death brought this suit against plaintiffs in error in "trespass.to try title and to cancel the foregoing instrument. On trial in the district court judgment was rendered in favor of defendants in error for the surface of all the land in controversy and for an undivided one-half interest in all the oil, gas, and minerals in and under said land, said interest in the oil, gas, and minerals being the community interest of their mother, and judgment was rendered for plaintiffs in error for an undivided one-half interest in the minerals, oil, and gas in and under said land. The Court of Civil Appeals, holding that the above-quoted written instrument should “be canceled, set aside, and held null and void,” reversed the judgment in favor of the plaintiffs in error for one-half undivided interest in the oil, gas, and minerals, and rendered judgment in favor of defendants in error. 257 S. W. 637.

This instrument purports to transfer all oil, gas, and mineral rights in and under a certain body of land containing about 1,300 acres, describing its location. Therefore it is not subject to objection that proof of a parol agreement is necessary to show the subject-matter of the transaction and effect a transfer, and void as being contrary to the statute of frauds.

The evidence shows that the land in controversy is one body, containing about 1,300 acres, situated in Webb county, Tex., east of the Texas & Mexico Railroad, at a place near the station of Reiser, and that it was the only land owned by -the grantor in that county. It is true that the course of the railroad is such that the land lies north of it at and immediately west of Mirando, another station on the line. But the instrument does not purport to give the direction of the land from the railroad at and near Mirando. The parties to the instrument saw fit to describe it by giving its direction from, a place at or near Reiser, which was their privilege, and the fact that the land lay north of the railroad at another place does not render the description of the land ambiguous, nor its location uncertain. The Court of Civil Appeals erred in holding that the description “was such as to clearly show it would not and could not by any of its terms be made to apply to the lands then owned by J. S. Smith,” and that “the description given and the proof offered to locate the lands are in direct conflict.” The proof offered shows that this body of land is east of the Texas & Mexico Railroad at a place on said railroad near the station of Reiser in the county of Webb, as in this instrument it is described to be. The fact that Smith owned no other land in Webb county mates it certain that the oil, gas, and mineral rights, in and under this, and no other land, were intended to be transferred by this instrument. Smith v. Westall, 76 Tex. 509, 13 S. W. 540; Witt v. Harlan, 66 Tex. 660, 2 S. W. 41; Hermann v. Likens, 90 Tex. 448, 39 S. W. 282; Giddings v. Day, 84 Tex. 605, 19 S. W. 682; Kingston v. Pickins, 46 Tex. 99.

We are also of the opinion that the Court of Civil Appeals erred in holding that it appeared from the instrument itself that the predominant and chief consideration was to secure the development of the land for oil and gas. The terms of this instrument do not warrant this holding. Under its provisions the grantee could sell the oil, gas, and mineral rights, and by paying to the grantor one-fourth of the amount received, meet every obligation required of him by its terms. He could also .organize a corporation to develop the oil, gas, and other minerals, and transfer to it this property in consideration of corporate stock issued therefor, and by delivering to the grantor one-fourth of the stock issued, comply with its terms. Or, he could, by an ordinary oil lease, transfer these mineral rights to some other person or concern on a royalty basis and pay to the grantor one-fourth of the royalty received by him. It was clearly the intention of the parties.to the instrument that the grantee should dispose of the oil, gas, and mineral rights, and pay or deliver’ to the grantor one-fourth of the proceeds derived therefrom. His right to dispose of the property was in no way restricted by the terms of the instrument transferring it to him. We think it is clear that the instrument transfers and assigns all of the oil, gas, and other minerals owned by the grantor in and under the land. It recites a valuable consideration, and there is no pleading and proof which would warrant a holding that same was inadequate Cockerell v. Haynes (Tex. Civ. App.) 255 S. W. 494.

We recommend that the judgment of the Court of ,Civil Appeals be reversed and that of the district court affirmed.

CURETON, C. J.

The. judgment recommended in the report of the Commission of Appeals is adopted, and will be. entered as the judgment of the Supreme Court.