285 Mass. 479 | Mass. | 1934
The defendant was employed by the plaintiff corporation as bookkeeper from July 1, 1907, until March, 1915, when he became its treasurer and continued to be such until he was discharged on April 1, 1922. On November 24, 1919, having wrongfully withdrawn large sums from the plaintiff corporation, the defendant gave it a deed of real estate m South Boston, absolute in form but really as security for the repayment of said sums.
On October 6, 1925, the defendant brought two actions of contract, each with an ad damnum of $200,000, one against the plaintiff corporation, and the other against the plaintiff Fay, who was and is the president of the plaintiff corporation. The declarations were in three counts, the first and second alleging an agreement to make such provision for the defendant that he would be independent for life, and the third alleging an agreement to give the defendant an interest in the right to manufacture and sell a proprietary medicine called “Father John’s Medicine” in countries other than the United States and Canada.
On August 11, 1927, the defendant brought two more actions of contract, each with an ad damnum of $100,000, one against the plaintiff corporation and the other against the plaintiff Fay. The declarations claimed $69,000 and interest for services rendered in the matter of a reduction of a Federal tax, and the claim was based upon an alleged agreement to pay the defendant half of any reduction that might be obtained.
On April 5,1928, the defendant brought two more actions of contract, each with an ad damnum of $90,000, one against the plaintiff corporation and the other against the plaintiff Fay. The declarations were in three counts, the first count alleging a promise by Sherman L. Whipple, Esquire,
On June 28, 1930, the defendant brought another action of contract against the plaintiff Fay, with an ad damnum of $120,000. The declaration is upon an account annexed whose single item is “To 24^% of $318,000 . . . $77,910.” The claim of the defendant was for half of forty-nine per cent of the stock of a corporation to be formed to hold the “foreign rights” in Father John’s Medicine, and the defendant contended that the “foreign rights” were worth $318,000.
On July 8, 1930, the present bill was brought, setting forth the foregoing facts, and adding that the first six actions of contract already recited were begun by trustee process and that actual attachments were made in four of them, that the defendant now threatens further to annoy the plaintiffs by applying for special precepts to make further attachments, and that all the actions at law were unfounded and begun in bad faith; and praying (1) for an accounting, (2) for a receiver to sell the real estate and apply the proceeds to the claim of the plaintiff corporation, and (3) for an injunction to prevent the defendant from making attachments or prosecuting said actions further.
The defendant admitted in his answer that each one of his actions at law was based upon an alleged promise made to him in consideration of his agreement to render faithful and honest service to the plaintiff corporation. The master to whom the case was referred found that the defendant did not perform faithful and honest service, but misappropriated funds of the plaintiff company to an amount exceeding $30,000. That finding establishes that the actions at law are without merit, without discussing the other findings of the master that most of the actions, at least, were otherwise unfounded, frivolous and vexatious. Crediting to the defendant the net income of the real estate, and certain money paid back by the defendant out of his salary, his indebtedness with interest remains as much as $45,153.97.
Many of the exceptions to the master’s report are to the failure to make requested findings of certain subsidiary facts. If such facts are really important, the proper remedy is a motion to recommit with directions to make findings upon specified questions of fact. Raymond v. Stone, 246 Mass. 421, 426. An exception can be sustained only where the master’s report itself demonstrates his error. An exception based upon facts or testimony not contained in the report, but resting upon the assertion of counsel, cannot be sustained. This elementary rule of practice covers almost all the exceptions to the report in this case. The rule, it is true, was not in the form set forth in Rule 86 of the Superior Court (1932) but directed the master to “report his findings to the court, together with such facts and questions of law as either party may request.” That form of rule, however, was not intended to enable the parties to catechize the master at will. Parker v. Simpson, 180 Mass. 334, 356. The “request” by a party must come prior to the draft report, and there is nothing in the report to show that it did in this case. American Agricultural Chemical Co. v. Robertson, 273 Mass. 66, 79. Furthermore, in Daniels v. Daniels, 240 Mass. 380, 385, Ledoux v. Lariviere, 261 Mass. 242, 244, and Chamberlain v. Henry, 263 Mass. 63, 65, under the same form of rule, it was held that even when the question, whether requested subsidiary facts should be reported, is properly raised by motion to recommit, instead of by exception, recommittal for that purpose is discretionary with the court that issued the rule and retained power to modify it by implication as well as ex
Likewise, no exception lies to the refusal of the master to attach certain exhibits to his report. The form of the report should be determined by the master himself, with a view to presenting his “findings of fact in narrative, consecutive and brief form,” so that the court can act upon the case with dispatch as well as with confidence that it has been fully stated. Peabody Gas & Oil Co. v. Standard Oil Co. of New York, 284 Mass. 87, 92. A party has no right to insist that the report be encumbered with exhibits, or evidence, or compulsory findings or requests for findings upon subsidiary facts thought by him to be important. American Agricultural Chemical Co. v. Robertson, 273 Mass. 66, 79, 80. Manfredi v. O’Brien, 282 Mass. 458, 460. Zarthar v. Saliba, 282 Mass. 558, 560. Winick v. Padovani, 283 Mass. 126, 129, 130. If the exhibits were necessary to a proper presentation of the case to the court, and the master refused to report them, a motion to recommit with directions to make them a part of the report was the only effective remedy.
There is nothing in the point that the rule directed that the hearings be closed by October 1, 1932, and that one hearing was held after that date. The Superior Court retained power to extend the time, and by confirming the master’s report it did so by implication.
Although there was no appeal from the interlocutory decree overruling the demurrer, the correctness of that decree is still open to question upon the appeal from the final decree. Harrell v. Sonnabend, 191 Mass. 310. See also Nochemson v. Aronson, 279 Mass. 278, 280; Canning’s Case, 283 Mass. 196. The demurrer was addressed to the bill as a whole, on the grounds of want of equity and adequacy of legal remedy, and therefore was properly overruled if the bill could be maintained on any ground or for any purpose. Dimmock v. Bixby, 20 Pick. 368, 374. Conant v. Warren, 6 Gray, 562. Whitmore v. International Fruit
The bill is good against demurrer as a bill to foreclose the equitable right of the defendant under the absolute deed taken as security for the defendant’s debt to the plaintiff corporation. The statutory method of foreclosure by writ of entry (G. L. [Ter. Ed.] c. 244, §§ 3-10), though not precluded by the fact that the mortgagee already has possession (Trustees of Smith Charities v. Connolly, 157 Mass. 272, 276), cannot be used to foreclose a mortgage consisting only of an absolute deed taken as security. Eaton v. Green, 22 Pick. 526. Holbrook v. Bliss, 9 Allen, 69, 75. Campbell v. Dearborn, 109 Mass. 130, 141. Zaff v. Brown, 265 Mass. 598, 600. This was plainly implied by a section of the statute as to foreclosure by writ of entry, which declared that “The mortgages, mentioned in this chapter, shall include not only those made by a common deed of mortgage, but also such as are made by a conveyance, with a separate deed of defeasance.” Rev. Sts. c. 107, § 34. Gen. Sts. c. 140, § 37. Pub. Sts. c. 181, § 44. Although that section was omitted from the Revised Laws as “super
Whether the equitable jurisdiction, acquired on that ground, drew to it the power to deal with the accounting and the less related actions at law, on the principle that “A court of equity ought to do justice completely, and not by halves” (Camp v. Boyd, 229 U. S. 530, 551), need not be decided. See Braman v. Foss, 204 Mass. 404, 410, 411; Security Bank of New York v. Callahan, 220 Mass. 84, 89; Homrich v. Robinson, 221 Mass. 308, 311; Baker v. Langley, 247 Mass. 127, 132; Greene v. Louisville & Interurban Railroad, 244 U. S. 499, 520. No question is now open as to the existence of an adequate remedy at law as to particular parts of the case stated or the relief sought in the bill. The answer was as general as the demurrer. The answer pointed out, it is true, that the plaintiff had an adequate remedy at law as to the actions at law by defending them, but that was stated only as an inducement of the general objection to the whole bill “that no good reason exists for bringing this bill of complaint by the plaintiffs, and it should be dismissed.” Both the demurrer and the answer raised only the point that the bill stated no case whatever for equitable, as distinguished from legal, relief. Nothing but that general objection was interposed by the defendant as a barrier against a decree on the merits. When that barrier was properly overthrown by the overruling of the demurrer, the defendant had already answered, and it was too late for him to raise any further and more specific objection on the ground that as to a part of the relief sought the remedy at law was adequate. No amendment of the answer was attempted. No unexpected situation arose at the hearing, for any question of that sort that might exist was apparent on the face of the bill, and could have been
Interlocutory decrees affirmed.
Final decree affirmed, with costs.
