203 Ky. 151 | Ky. Ct. App. | 1924
Opinion op the Court by
-Affirming.
The appellant, Orlena -Campbell, charged by warrant with unlawfully having in her possession intoxicating liquor, in violation of the provision -of chapter 33, section 1, Acts General Assembly, 1922, was tried for and convicted of the offense in the Perry county court. From the judgment of that court she prosecuted an appeal to to the Perry circuit court, her trial in which court also resulted in her conviction of the offense; her punishment therefor being fixed by verdict of the jury and judgment of the court at a fine of $200.00 and imprisonment of 30 days in jail. Complaining of the judgment of the ■circuit court she has appealed to this court.
It is -contended by the appellant that the judgment should be reversed because of error committed by the trial court, first, in admitting, over her objection, incompetent evidence- in behalf of the Commonwealth; second, that the arrest of the appellant for the offense charged, which was made without authority of a warrant, was illegal.
As will presently be- seen these two contentions must stand or fall together, for they are based on the same ground, viz., the claim made by appellant, through her counsel, that the means by which the- officer discovered
When the two women were commanded to relieve themselves of the whiskey, Sally Ann inquired of the officer whether he had a search warrant and was informed by him that he did not and that he would not search them. The arrest of the women followed the discovery by the -officer of their possession of the whiskey. It is
For the reasons stated we further conclude that the exposure of the whiskey to the view of the officer by the appellant and her companion’s removal of the glass jars containing it from their apparel and placing them on the ground, was also voluntary, although in depositing the jars on the ground the two women acted at the request or by the command of the officer; but their compliance with the request or command evidently did not result from duress or compulsion, as they had previously admitted their possession of the whiskey to the officer and had been informed by him, in reply to the inquiry from Sally Ann, that he did not have a search warrant and would not subject their persons to search.
Manifestly the foregoing uncontroverted facts disclosed by the evidence were .sufficient to. establish the unlawful possession by the appellant and Sally Aun of the whiskey in question and to constitute such possession an offense committed by them in the presence of the deputy sheriff, which authorized their arrest by the latter without a warrant. Not only is it apparent from the evidence that the means employed by the appellant and her companion to conceal the whiskey under their apparel were insufficient to prevent its discovery by him, but, in addition, their frank admission of their possession of the whiskey, made in response to the inquiry of the officer,
An offense is to be regarded as committed in the presence of the officer when it is committed with his knowledge, whether such knowledge is obtained through his sight, hearing or other senses, or by the offender’s admission of the fact made before his arrest. Ex parte Marrell, 35 Fed. R. 261; Bradley Elswick v. Comlth., 202 Ky. 703.
In Hale v. Comlth., 197 Ky. 214, a case analogous in many of its facts to the case at bar, in affirming a judgment convicting the appellant of the same offense as that here charged, we in the opinion, in part, said:
“As we have seen, the officers not only saw the imprints of the jars on the sides of the sacks, but they also heard the rattling they made, and these facts, together with the location and other surrounding circumstances, might be sufficient to authorize them to arrest defendant without a warrant on the ground that the offense was committed in their presence; but whether so or not, when defendant put down his sack and said to the officers, ‘You’ve got me,’ it was tantamount to a confession that his sack contained contraband goods, otherwise he had committed no offense for which the officers could ‘get’ him. They were authorized to arrest him, and under numerous opinions of this court they • had the right to make the search and whatever evidence they found in doing so would be competent. There is, therefore, no merit in this contention.”
As the opinion of the case, supra, and the authorities previously cited seem to be conclusive of the questions involved in the case under consideration, we feel constrained to hold that the arrest of the appellant by the deputy sheriff was authorized and, therefore, legal, and that the evidence, the admission of which by the trial court is complained of by the appellant, was dearly competent and sufficient to establish her guilt of the offense charged.
Judgment affirmed.