159 Mich. 169 | Mich. | 1909
Complainant leased, by written lease, to the defendant, for the period of a year and 11 months, designated rooms in his building in Detroit. This controversy arises over the following provisions of the lease, i. e.:
“To be occupied for office purposes, and for no other purpose or purposes whatever, without the written consent of the party of the first part, and in no case to be used for any business deemed extra hazardous on account of fire.”
The defendant entered, and is conducting the business of renting moving picture films, which involves their storage and repair, but not their manufacture.
The complainant asserts that such occupancy is not for
Under the well-settled rule, defendant cannot be allowed to alter or vary the writing that he deliberately signed, by proof of conversations or oral agreements had or made prior thereto. The claim that the contract should be changed upon the ground of fraud or mistake is untenable. Defendant’s manager deliberately signed the writing with full knowledge of its provision, with doubts of its sufficiency to cover the business contemplated upon a bare assurance of the bookkeeper (who is not shown to have had authority to give it) that Campau understood the purpose for which defendant rented the place, and Stevenson’s assertion (if it can be called such) that there
We are of the opinion, however, that the evidence shows that the complainant understood the purpose for which the defendant intended to occupy these premises, and made no objection until after the lease was executed, and the defendant had been to expense in moving his business. He knew that the basement was rented because it had commodious fire-proof vaults, which defendant intended to use for the storage of films. He testified that he supposed that the office would be used for the exhibition to defendant’s customers of films in two machines which he (complainant) understood were to be used for that purpose. While we are' not satisfied that the business carried on was a use of the premises for “office purposes only” or that the business was not within the term “extra hazardous ” (which we find it unnecessary to determine), we think that complainant is not entitled to the relief he asks for several reasons. The bill is filed for an injunction to restrain defendant from conducting a business of keeping or storing films upon the premises. This is unconscionable under the proof, for, under complainant’s theory, the defendant must not only forego the benefit of his lease, but must continue paying a rental of $1,200 per year for the premises. It cannot even sublet or assign its lease without written consent of the complainant. Relief by injunction is not a matter of right in a case like this. It rests in discretion.
“It is not enough to show that defendant is without right. The complainant who seeks equity must do equity, and must affirmatively show himself to be equitably entitled to the relief asked.” 22 Cyc. p. 776, and cases cited.”
That is the general rule in all equity cases, and there is no reason for relieving a complainant from it in a case where he asks the drastic relief of an injunction. We applied this rule in the case of Edwards v. Mining Co., 38 Mich. 46 (31 Am. Rep. 301), where we held that—
*173 “ Injunctions are to prevent irreparable mischief and stay consequences that could not be adequately compensated. Their allowance is discretionary, and not of right, calls for good faith in the petitioner, and may be withheld if likely to inflict greater injury than the grievance complained of.”
Again, we said in that case that:
“Where, by inviting an injury, one places himself in a position to call for an equitable remedy, his motives can be inquired into, even though he grounds himself on strict legal right.”
See, also, Turner v. Hart, 71 Mich. 128 (38 N. W. 890, 15 Am. St. Rep. 243).
The proof in this cause, as we interpret it, also shows that the danger from fire arising from the business as conducted is comparatively small when measured by the increased insurance rates chargeable to its presence, while the precautions taken by the defendant minimize the actual hazard, and the rapid substitution of noninflammable films promises still further reduction of the danger. We have already adverted to the injury to the defendant if denied the privileges for which he rented the building, and is still compelled to pay rent. The following authorities are in point on this branch of the case: McBryde v. Sayre, 86 Ala. 458 (5 South. 791, 3 L. R. A. 861); Trustees of Columbia College v. Thacher, 87 N. Y. 311 (41 Am. Rep. 365); Starkie v. Richmond, 155 Mass. 188 (29 N. E. 770); Clarke v. Clark, L. R. 1 Ch. App. Cas. 16; Durell v. Pritchard, L. R. 1 Ch. App. Cas. 251; Edwards v. Mining Co., 38 Mich. 46 (31 Am. Rep. 301); Hall v. Rood, 40 Mich. 46 (29 Am. Rep. 528); Potter v. Railway, 83 Mich. 297 (47 N. W. 217, 10 L. R. A. 176); 3 Pomeroy on Equity Jurisprudence (3d Ed.), § 1295, note.
The learned circuit judge who heard, this cause was apparently convinced of the hardship and injustice of complainant’s claim, and required his consent to a surrender of the lease by defendant as a condition of relief. We think that this was well within, and a conservative
The bill is dismissed, with costs of both courts.