Lead Opinion
Plaintiff in error contends that Emma Burlingame and Elizabeth Harrington at the time of the accident were engaged in a joint enterprise;that the act of Emmа Burlingame was the act of Elizabeth Harrington, hence she cannot recover. Plaintiff in error further claims that it had a right, under Sec *4 tion 9170 of the Generаl Code of Ohio, to plant its pole at the point in question, and that by so doing it did not incommode the public in the use of the road.
The telephonе company interposed two defenses, the first amounting to a substantial denial; the second was to the effect that if plaintiff below was injured, as сlaimed by her, it was because of the carelessness of some one other than the telephone company.
It is not disputed that Emma Burlingamе and Elizabeth Harrington were proceeding to church when the accident occurred. We cannot subscribe to the contention that this was а joint enterprise; as it nowhere appears that Elizabeth Harrington had any authority to, or in any wise attempted to, control the operаtion of the automobile. This court has defined “joint enterprise” in the case of
Bloom
v.
Leech, Admr.,
Plaintiff in errоr insists that it is given some immunity by reason of the provisions of Section 9170, General Code. This section provides as follows: “A magnetic telegraph company may construct telegraph lines, from point to point, along and upon any public road by the erection of the necessary fixtures, including рosts, piers and abutments necessary for the wires; but shall not incommode the public in the use thereof.”
Plaintiff in error seeks to apply the definition оf “road,” as given in the case of
Elms
v.
Flick,
This court in that case held that the term “road” as used in that section should be construed to mean “the improved portion of the road, where it is disclosed that it is of ample width to permit the passing of automobiles thereon with safety.”
We have a different condition in the instant case. The travеling public has the right to the use of the highway to the entire width of the right of way as against all other persons using such highway for purposes other than travel, except those upon whom devolves the legal duty to maintain and repair such highway.
The highway is primarily constructed for purposes of travel, аnd not as a site for monuments, billboards, telephone or telegraph poles, or any other device that may create an obstruction within thе limits of the right of way. The Legislature must have had this rule in mind when it enacted Section 9170, General Code. The last clause of that section, “but shall not incommоde the public in the use thereof,” is a danger signal to public utilities using the highways for their own private purposes. They are placed upon notice, to the effect that if they erect “posts, piers, and/or abutments” within the right of way of the highway, they must not prejudice the superior rights of the traveling рublic in so doing.
It is further insisted that the court committed error in his charge to the jury in the use of the following language: “If you find by a preponderance of the evidence in this case that the defendant, The Cambridge Home Telephone Company, and the driver of *6 the automobile iu which the plaintiff was riding wеre both negligent, then such acts of negligence would be concurrent, and if they proximately contributed to— that is, were the direct and proximate cause of the injury to plaintiff that she complains of, then your verdict may be against the defendant, The Cambridge Home Telephone Company alone; that is to the amount, of course, you find for plaintiff.”
We are unable to find any error in this charge. It surely states the law. Had the driver of the autоmobile been joined as a party defendant with the telephone company, then this would have been an erroneous charge; but plaintiff bеlow pursued the telephone company alone. Hence, there was no error in the use of this language.
Plaintiff in error further contends that Elizabeth Harrington, plaintiff below, failed to prove that the location of the telephone pole was the proximate cause of her injury. The company claims that it cannot be held to have foreseen, in the exercise of ordinary care, that the placing of its pole in the position in which it was placed might cause injury.
The telephone company was not an insurer of the safety of the traveling public, but the statute that gave it the right to use the highway for its own private purposes made plain that the company should not incommode the public in such use, and to that extent increased its degree of anticipation.
There was conflict in the testimony on the question of the proximate cause, and the jury found in favor of the plaintiff below. This court cannot disturb that finding.
We find no error in the record, and the judgment of . the Court of Appeals is therefore affirmеd.
Judgment affirmed.
Dissenting Opinion
dissenting. I cannot concur in the
view that the traveling public has an unrestricted right to the use of the entire width of the right of way of a highway as a place of public travel and transportation. That would imply a duty upon the part of those responsible to keep the entire right of way in condition for public travel and transpоrtation. Section 9170, General Code, and cognate sections, recognize the public use and service of telephone lines and grant а right subject only to the restrictions and limitations thereby imposed. It is not therefore an unauthorized use; nor is it a private use. The provisions thereof, sо limiting the use of the road for the maintenance of telegraph and telephone poles as not to incommode the public, have rеference to the use of the road by the public in the usual and ordinary manner, which contemplates the use of the portion thereof designated for travel, and which ordinarily does not include the entire right of way.
The rule here announced would authorize a recovery even if the telеphone pole, instead of being in the edge of the ditch, and more than six feet from the outer edge of the macadam road, which is sixteen feet in width according to the evidence most favorable to the plaintiff, had in fact been beyond the ditch and just inside the bounds of the right of way. The result оf any particular suit is of comparatively little consequence. The announcement of the law which fixes rights and prescribes duties and thereby governs future cases is of far greater importance.