Following a jury trial, Bobby Butler, Jr., was convicted of burglary. He appeals, arguing that the evidence was insufficient to support his conviction and that the trial court erred in admitting evidence of a similar transaction and in failing to instruct the jury with his requests to charge. We find no error and affirm.
Viewed in the light most favorable to the jury’s guilty verdict, the evidence adduced at trial showed that on a weekday afternoon in April 2006, the police were summoned to the sсene of a residential burglary in the Kensington Point subdivision. The owner of the home was on active military duty in Afghanistan at the time of the burglary. The victim’s 14-year-old son returned home after school to discover that the frame on the rеar door of the home had been broken and various items of electrical equipment, DVD movies, video games, basketball jerseys, baseball caps, purses and jewelry had been taken.
*541 The subsequent investigation led the responding officer to broadcast a lookout for a white vehicle of a specified make and model having specific characteristics that would possibly be occupied by five named individuals, including Butler. Thе vehicle was later located and was indeed occupied by the same five individuals named in the broadcast. The trunk of the vehicle was filled with electrical equipment, DVD movies, video games, basketball jerseys, baseball caps, purses, jewelry and a large green military duffle bag. The stop was recorded on the officer’s vehicle-mounted video recorder and the contents of the trunk were photographed; both were shоwn to the jury.
After talking to the owner of the vehicle, Michele Carter, the investigating detective learned that the group had previously been to three different retail stores that specialize in buying and selling used goods. Based on this information, the officer went to the first store, where he located twenty-three DVD movies and two video games that a signed receipt indicated had been sold to the store by Butler.
The detective then went to a sеcond store and recovered several items of clothing, primarily basketball jerseys, that had been sold by Butler. The jury was presented with a signed receipt detailing the items sold as well as video surveillance footagе showing Butler selling the merchandise.
Finally, the detective went to the third store, where he recovered 77 DVD movies, a video game controller, and a car amplifier. 1 A signed receipt and fingerprint card identified Butler as the seller, and, again, the jury witnessed video surveillance footage of Butler selling the merchandise to the store.
At trial, the victims positively identified items recovered from the trunk of the vehicle and all three stores as having bеen taken from their home. In so doing, they detailed specific identifying characteristics of a number of the items so as to eliminate the chance that they were simply generically similar to the items possessed by Butler.
Carter also testified at trial. She stated that on the morning in question, she skipped school and went to the home of her boyfriend, Alfonso Woods. Woods also lived in the Kensington Point subdivision, and Butler was at Woods’s home when Carter arrived. After loaning her car to Woods, Carter took a nap. When she awoke, Woods and Butler, among others, were in the garage. The trunk of the vehicle was open, and Carter observed several baseball caps on the top of the car, two suitcases on the floor of the garage, and a large green duffle bag. She heard Butler state that he “got the games from a house in *542 Alfonso’s neighborhood [and] that he kicked the door tо get in.” Carter then took the men to the stores indicated above.
Woods also testified that he dropped Butler “down the block and around the corner” and that Butler returned, walking quickly, with a large green duffle bag and a suitcase. The men put the items in the trunk and backseat of the vehicle and returned to Woods’s house. Woods further testified that the items in the bags included DVD movies, hats, and basketball jerseys. The jury learned that Woods had been convicted of theft by receiving for his part in the burglary.
Finally, the state presented similar transaction evidence involving Butler’s prior burglary conviction. Less than seven months prior to the burglary in this case, Butler was arrested and subsequently pled guilty tо a burglary in a subdivision located approximately two miles from Kensington Point. In that case, law enforcement was dispatched to a burglary in progress after a neighbor observed two males kick open the rear door of a residence. The residence belonged to an Army serviceman. Butler was then observed by the responding officer exiting the house carrying a green Army duffle bag filled with a DVD player, DVD movies, video game consoles, several video games, clothing, hats, and jewelry. Butler was apprehended after fleeing from the officer into the surrounding woods. The crime occurred during the morning hours on a weekday after the victim had left to repоrt to the Army base.
Butler did not testify and no evidence on his behalf was presented at trial. The jury found him guilty of burglary as opposed to the alternative count of theft by receiving stolen property.
1. The evidence presеnted at trial was sufficient to sustain Butler’s burglary conviction. See OCGA § 16-7-1 (a);
2
Chambers v. State,
2. Butler argues that the trial court erred in аdmitting the similar transaction evidence of his prior burglary. Our Supreme Court has held that, before evidence of a prior offense may be admitted into evidence, the trial court must hold a hearing pursuant to Uniform Superior Cоurt Rule (USCR) 31.3 (B), at which time it
*543
must make a determination that (1) the state seeks to admit the evidence of the prior offense for an appropriate purpose; (2) there is sufficient evidence that the accused cоmmitted the prior offense; and (3) there is sufficient connection or similarity between the prior offense and the crimes charged so that proof of the former tends to prove the latter. See
Williams v. State,
Contrary to Butler’s assertion, the trial court did conduct a hearing pursuant to USCR 31.3 (B) prior to admitting the disputed evidenсe. Further, we agree with the trial court’s determination that the evidence comported with the Williams test set forth by the Supreme Court.
First, as advanced by the state, the evidence was admitted for the appropriate purpose of showing Butler’s bent оf mind, course of conduct, and intent.
See Ford v. State,
3. Lastly, Butler claims that the trial court erred in denying his request to charge the jury that the owner of a vehicle (Cartеr) is presumed to possess everything in the vehicle absent evidence sufficient to rebut that presumption and that mere spatial proximity *544 to contraband is insufficient to establish constructive possession beyond a reasonable doubt. Butler’s argument lacks merit.
“It is error to refuse to give a charge only where the request is a correct statement of law that is pertinent and material to an issue in the case and not substantially coverеd by the charge actually given.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.)
Taylor v. State,
Likewise, the trial court did not err in failing to charge the jury that mere spatial proximity to contraband is insufficient to establish constructive possession beyond a reasonable doubt. The jury was instructed that Butler could not be convicted based upon mere speculation or conjecture of his guilt; that a conviction could be based only upon a finding that Butler directly committed the crime or intentionally helped in its commission; that the state must prove knowledge on the part of Butler that the crime of burglary was being committed and that he knowingly and intentionally participated in that crime; that Butler’s mere presence at the scene of the crime was not sufficient to support a conviction; and that the jury could not infer guilt from Butler’s possession of the stolen goods if there was any reasonable explanation for that possession. Consequently, the jury instruction as a whole adequately сovered the principle of law that Butler’s request sought to invoke. See
Tran v. State,
Judgment affirmed.
Notes
The car amplifier had not been stolen from the victims’ residence.
“A person commits the offense of burglary when, without authority and with the intent to commit a felony or theft therein, he enters or remains within the dwelling house of another. . . .” OCGA § 16-7-1 (a).