162 N.W.2d 898 | Mich. Ct. App. | 1968
BROWNING
v.
EICHELMAN.
Michigan Court of Appeals.
*409 William P. Finch, for plaintiff.
Vandeveer, Haggerty, Doelle, Garzia, Tonkin & Kerr, for defendants Siewertsen.
CANHAM, J.
This appeal arises from a summary judgment which dismissed an action, based on the theory of attractive nuisance, against house movers.
In May, 1965, Craig Browning, then six years old, was seriously injured while on the way home from school. This injury occurred while young Craig and a companion were exploring the interior of an unattended garage which had been placed on a trailer by the appellees-house movers. The precise cause of the injury was a collapse of a stack of heavy wood billets, one of which fell on the child.
It was contended that the house movers knew the garage would attract playing children and that inadequate precautions were taken to prevent injury to such children. When appellees moved for a summary judgment of dismissal, they advanced the argument that attractive nuisance applies only to possessors or owners of land, and because they were merely house movers, there was no cause of action against them. Appellees' theory proved eminently successful in the trial court.
In a by-gone era, when Michigan was one of the jurisdictions which stalwartly resisted the intrusion *410 of the doctrine of attractive nuisance,[1] it was not uncommon to have a non-owner user of land raise his legal occupation of land in conjunction with the defense that he was not liable for injury to trespassing children. See Petrak v. Cooke Contracting Company (1951), 329 Mich. 564; Morris v. Lewis Manufacturing Company (1951), 331 Mich. 252. We are now in an era where the law is ill-disposed to emancipate from responsibility those who are knowingly luring unsuspecting children to their own partial or total destruction. Lyshak v. City of Detroit (1958), 351 Mich. 230. The position of the defense of a non-owner users of land has changed from the former attempt to avoid liability by being corralled with landowners to the position which was presented here, that the land user can avoid liability by disdaining all connection with the land. However, the connection to the land that the non-owner users of a former day so carefully nurtured did not disintegrate when the law gave higher priority to the lives of children (whether or not they are breaking the trespassing laws which they are too young to comprehend) over the rights of property users to conduct their affairs without regard to others. This new emphasis in the law is not a judicially established welfare system which forces land users to be their brothers' keepers (or their brothers' children's keepers), and bear the financial burdens for those minors who by happenstance are injured while on the property of another. Liability is not imposed in attractive nuisance cases unless there is an awareness that infant trespassers are subjecting themselves to danger, Heider v. Michigan Sugar Company (1965), 375 Mich. 490, and where, with this knowledge, no reasonable action is taken to alleviate *411 the danger. Nielsen v. Henry H. Stevens, Inc. (1960), 359 Mich. 130.
These tests are factual tests and the case should not have been resolved by a summary dismissal.
Reversed and remanded. Costs to appellant.
LESINSKI, C.J., and McGREGOR, J., concurred.
NOTES
[1] Prosser, Torts (3rd ed, 1964), p 373.