166 Ind. 85 | Ind. | 1906
—Appellant was convicted upon an affidavit charging him and Henry Lamping with obtaining goods rnder false pretenses on June 23, 1905.
The objection to the sufficiency of the affidavit to charge a public offense is that the check upon which the
“Medora, Indiana, June 23, 1905.
Payable June 26, 1905.
Medora State Bank
Pay to Henry Lamping, or order, fifteen dollars .($15).
Henry Lamping.”
Endorsed on back as follows:
“Henry Lamping,
Ered Brown.”
It is alleged in the affidavit that Lamping exhibited the check to Sutton, the prosecuting witness, and represented to him, with intent to defraud, that the same was good, and of the value of $15, and by means, of which false check, token, and pretense, Sutton, believing them to be true and relying upon them, sold and delivered to Lamping and defendant Ered Brown merchandise at the price and of the value of $15, in exchange for said check.
It is stated that the prosecution is under §677 of the act of 1905 (Acts 1905, pp. 581, 751, §2283a Burns 1905), but whether under this or §678 (§2281 Burns 1905) is not material so far as the question involved is concerned. A postdated, and postpayable check, as a ground for false pretense, has frequently had consideration of the courts, and it may now be considered as settled in this State that a false pretense, within the meaning of the statute, can not be predicated upon the nonperformance of a future promise, or the happening of a future event.
A distinguished author on criminal law says: “Both in the nature of things, and actual adjudication, the doctrine is, that no representation of a future event, whether in
A conservative and accurate expression of the law was made by this court in State v. Magee (1858), 11 Ind. 154, in the following words: “This enactment seems to be broad enough to embrace any and every false representation made by a party, by means of which he has fraudulently obtained the property of another. It can not, however, intend to have a range so wide as its terms would seem to indicate; because, if it be literally construed, breach of contract and crime will scarcely be divided by an appreciable line, and acts which have been understood as creating mere civil liabilities, will be punished criminally. The pretenses must be of some existing fact, made for the purpose of inducing the prosecutor to part with his property. * * * A pretense, therefore, that a party would do an act he did not intend to do, is not within the statute; because it is a mere promise for his future conduct. Roscoe, Crim. Ev., 465, et seq.; People v. Haynes [1834], 11 Wend. 557; People v. Haynes [1835], 14 Wend. 547; People v. Thomas [1842], 3 Hill 169; People v. Williams [1842], 4 Hill 9; Fenton v. People [1843], 4 Hill 126; Commonwealth v. Drew [1837], 19 Pick. 179. These authorities plainly show that any representation or assurance, in relation to a future event, may be a promise, a covenant, or a warranty, but can not amount to a statutory false pretense.” Keller v. State (1875), 51 Ind. 111, 117; 19 Cyc. Law and Proc., 394, 395, and cases collated; 12 Am. and Eng. Ency. Law (2d ed.), 810, 811, and cases collated.
In this case the check was written on a blank form issued by the Medora State Bank. The first clause contained the name of the place and actual date of drawing the check, to wit, June 23, 1905. The second clause, and that wholly written, was in these words: “Payable June 26, 1905.”
Without considering any other question relating to the sufficiency of the charge, we hold that the court erred in overruling the motion to quash.