99 P. 1000 | Utah | 1909
Bristol brought an action in the district court of Salt Lake county against Brent to recover money alleged to be due on a promissory note. The complaint was filed in September, 1907. At the time of the filing of the complaint the plaintiff caused a writ of attachment to he issued, and a writ of garnishment to he served in Salt Lake county on the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Company. The writ- of garnishment showing an admission of- the garnishee of an indebtedness to Brent in the sum of $141.46 was returned and filed in December, ,1907. On February 11th following, the garnishee served and filed a motion of discharge and release, and to dismiss the garnishment proceedings. Upon a hearing the motion was granted on the 7th of March, 1908, and the garnishee discharged and released from all liability in the premises. Thereafter, and on the 11th day of March, 1908, Brent filed a demurrer to the complaint, and, on the 10th day of April, 1908, an answer. No trial has yet been had, and no judgment has been rendered in the main action. On September 4, 1908, the plaintiff prosecuted an appeal to this court from the order discharging and releasing the garnishee and dismissing the garnishment proceedings. The garnishee filed
The Constitution (article 8, section 9) provides that: “From all final judgments of the district court there shall be a right of appeal to the Supreme Court.” The statute (section 3113, Comp. Laws 1907) provides that: “Motions for a new trial may Be made in the same manner and shall be allowed for the same grounds in garnishment proceedings as in other trials; and appeals may be taken and prosecuted from any final judgment or order in such proceedings as in other civil cases.” The statute, of course, cannot enlarge the Constitution. To be appealable, the ruling in question must be a final judgment.
In the case of Honerine, etc., Co. v. Tallerday, etc., Co., 30 Utah 449, 85 Pac. 626, and in the case of Winnovich v. Emery, 33 Utah 345, 93 Pac. 988, we had occasion to consider the question of the finality of a judgment. In the latter case Mr. Justice Prick said: “The test of finality
The order of the court ended the controversy between the plaintiff and the garnishee, and put those proceedings and the parties thereto out of court. The plaintiff is entitled at some time,' and on some appeal, to have the ruling reviewed. No continued or subsequent proceedings in the district court between the plaintiff and Brent in the main action could in any wise affect the garnishee in the premises. The purpose of attachment and garnishment proceedings is to seize and hold property pending litigation in the action out of which the writs issued. When the garnishee and the garnishment
In the case of Bebb v. Preston, 1 Iowa 460, where the court held the ruling discharging a garnishee final and appealable, it was said:
“It is true it (the garnishment proceeding) must have connection with an action commenced or judgment recovered, and then it becomes almost an action of itself. It is such in substance though not in form. If it must have a name, we will call it a special proceeding.”
In the case of National Bank v. Chase, 71 Iowa 120, 32 N. W. 202, the court held that in proceedings in attachment by
“We think the plaintiff has the right to appeal from the- order discharging the garnishee. ... It was an order which affected the substantial rights of the parties. . . . The discharge of the garnishee effectually disposed of all it claimed in the case. The discharge was an adjudication that the plaintiff had no right to the money in the custody of the garnishee.”
In the case of Turpin v. Coates, 12 Neb. 321, 11 N. W. 300, the court said:
“We have no doubt that an order discharging garnishees is an order affecting a substantial right made in a special proceeding. Such an order, in many cases, would entirely defeat the collection of a debt. Neither is it necessary to wait until final judgment before such order can be reviewed. No judgment can be rendered against the garnishees - until after final judgment against the debtor,, but, if the attachment, is not dissolved, the creditor has a right to the security obtained by the proceedings in garnishment for the satisfaction of any judgment he may obtain.”
The following cases also support the same doctrine: McConnel v. Rakness, 41 Minn. 3, 42 N. W. 539; Strickland v. Maddox, 4 Ga. 393; Haebler v. Bernharth, 115 N. Y. 459, 22 N. E. 167; Quebeck Bank v. Carroll, 1 S. D. 1, 44 N. W. 723.
It is true, as observed by the respondent, that in some of these cases the statute provided for an appeal not only from final judgments but also from final orders affecting a substantial right in a special proceeding and determining the action and preventing a judgment. While the statutes relating to appeals were somewhat broader than is our Constitution, still the essential thing before the court in these cases was the question of the finality of the order appealed from. Here, as there, the garnishment proceedings involved
There are cases wbicb bold that neither a ruling refusing to discharge nor discharging an .attachment or garnishment is appealable. Mr. Elliott, in bis work on Appellate Procedure, at section 81, says:
“The weight of authority is that no appeal will lie from an order dissolving or refusing to dissolve an attachment;, although the oases are conflicting.”
It will, however, be seen that, in most of tbe cases cited bolding that no appeal lies from such an order, tbe ruling was made in cases where an appeal was taken from orders made refusing to discharge or dismiss an attachment or garnishee. Such is also tbe case in most of tbe cases cited by respondent It may well be that a ruling refusing to dissolve an attachment or discharge a garnishee is intermediate- or interlocutory; for, in such instance, the status quo of the property pending the litigation in the main action is preserved, and the jurisdiction acquired by a procedure against the property of the defendant within the jurisdiction of the court retained. But a ruling dissolving an attachment or discharging a garnishee is not an intermediate or interlocutory, but a finál order or judgment. By such a ruling the status quo of the property is not preserved, and the jurisdiction acquired by a procedure against the property is taken away. That a ruling discharging or dismissing such a proceeding's final and appealable, while a ruling refusing to dismiss or discharge is intermediate and not appealable, is recognized in the case of Page v. Hurd, 1 Aikens (Vt.) 105.
We are of the opinion that the motion to dismiss the appeal should be denied. Whether a ruling made refusing to discharge an attachment or a garnishee is also a final judgment and appealable, we do not now deeide. We reserve our opinion on that until .the question is presented.
The motion is denied.