77 Neb. 241 | Neb. | 1906
John E. Copass, the appellant, owns 80 acres of land in Bichardson county lying in the valley of the Nemaha river. Brinegar, one of the appellees, owns the farm adjoining on the west. The river runs through a portion of Brinegar’s farm, and it also forms the south boundary line of the Copass land. The river is subject to overflows, and at such times the flood waters run from Brinegar’s land eastward upon and over the land of Copass. Some four or five years prior to the commencement of this action, Brinegar and Copass built an embankment or dike on the bank of the river on the land of Brinegar for the purpose of preventing an overflow. This dike was constructed at the joint expense of Brinegar and Copass, but, partly on account of complaint of adjoining landowners that the dike caused a serious overflow of their lands, and of threatened suits for damages, Brinegar determined to cut the dike, and, thereupon, Copass commenced the construction of an embankment along the west line of his land running from the river to the foothills.. This embankment was constructed wholly upon his own land and from dirt taken from the west side of the embankment, thus forming a ditch the whole length of the dike, which, Brinegar claims, has the effect of allowing the water of the river to enter the ditch and overflow a considerable area of his farm. This action was brought by Brinegar to enjoin the construction of said dike and ditch, and Tiehen, who owns a large body of land on the opposite side of the river, intervened in the action, alleging that the effect of the dike would be to overflow about 820 acres of his best
In an able and exhaustive brief filed by the appellant it is argued that the overflow of waters of the stream are surface waters against which every proprietor has a right to protect himself and we are asked to review the case of Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. v. Emmert, 53 Neb. 237, in which it was said: “The flood water of the Nemaha river involved in this case held not to be surface water, but a constituent part of such stream — a natural watercourse.” The courts of the different states are apparently hopelessly divided upon the question of whether flood waters aré a part of the stream from which the water finds its way to the adjoining lands to be dealt with as water of a running stream, or whether they are surface waters and subject to the rules applicable thereto. In the case cited the question was fully examined and the conclusion therein reached after elaborate argument by counsel and apparent careful consideration. We see no reason for departing from the rule of that case, and a quite exhaustive examination of the question convinces us that the courts which formerly held to the surface water theory are modifying or overruling their former decisions and getting in line with those that regard overflow waters as a part of the river itself. It is true that flood waters may become entirely separated from the stream ánd so have lost their identity with it. When it has spread over the adjoining country, settled in low places, and become stagnant, it can no longer be treated as a part of the stream, and the rules with respect to watercourses can then no longer be applied. But overflow waters from a natural stream in times of flood or freshet, flowing over or standing upon adjacent lowlands, do not cease to be part of the stream, unless or until sep
Affirmed.