74 N.J. Eq. 287 | New York Court of Chancery | 1908
The bill does not disclose whether the deeds of complainant and defendant, and the several deeds in their respective chains of title, contain the restrictive covenants sought to be enforced, or the extent to which defendant may be charged with notice of these covenants, but as the right of complainant to enforce against defendant the observance of the restrictive covenants in question was conceded by defendant’s counsel at the hearing, provided complainant had not lost the right by reason of his own violation of the covenants or by reason of acquiescence in the violation of the covenants amounting in effect to their abandonment, the question of the bar to complainant’s rights, as urged by defendant, will alone be considered.
The case of Collins v. Waters (not reported), determines that the twenty feet building line covenant here in question applies to both the front and side street lines of corner lots.
The case of Chelsea Land Co. v. Adams, 71 N. J. Eq. (1 Buch.) 771 (another suit touching the covenant now in question) , must be -regarded as conclusive as to the right of that company to enforce in this court the covenant against the erection of a building nearer than twenty feet from the street line. That was a case in which the town site proprietor, owning property in all parts of the tract, had stood by and permitted violations of the covenant without complaint. While that was held to operate as a bar to the right of that company to prevent further violations of the same covenant, the adjudication clearly has no application to the rights of the owner of a single lot who may not have so acquiesced. It would scarcely be possible for any single violation of the covenants to occur without the interests of the original land company being directly affected; but the owner of a single lot may have no concern whatever in a violation of the covenants on a part of the tract distant from his lot. I am
The covenants in question provided that no building shall be erected within twenty feet of the front property line of any street, except on Atlantic avenue, or within five feet of the side ' line of any lot, and also that “not more than one building be built or erected upon each lot for dwelling-house purposes.” The bill asserts that a building is about to be erected by defendant at the northwest corner of Arctic and Chelsea avenues — across the street from complainant’s property — and is to be erected with the main body of the building within ten feet of Arctic avenue, and the porch within ten feet of Chelsea avenue, and that the first story of the main body of the building will project over the porch and be less than twenty feet from Chelsea avenue; and also that while the building will be under one roof, it is intended for and is to be used as a double dwelling-house. This is not denied by defendant. The affidavits filed by defendant describe one hundred and sixteen buildings, erected at various parts of the tract, which are claimed by defendant to be erected in violation of the terms of some of the covenants above referred to. I have had great difficulty in locating these buildings. They are described with reference to street numbers and cannot be located by the record as filed. At the hearing a map of Chelsea was handed to me and the system of numbering explained; with its aid I have endeavored to comprehend the affidavits filed
' The affidavits also disclose that a large number of buildings have been erected with open porches, and some with bay windows, extending over the twenty feet restriction line. The building which defendant is about to erect is of that nature. I entertain grave doubts whether the covenants in question were intended to apply to open porches and bay windows not extending to the ground. The fact that so many buildings have been erected with the main body of the building located with reference to the build-mg line and-with open porches and bay windows extending over the line measurably indicates a popular interpretation of the restriction to that effect. As is said in Morrow v. Hasselman, 69 N. J. Eq. (3 Robb.) 612, 617, if these porches have been erected under an erroneous construction of the covenant, that fact is no evidence of an abandonment of the general scheme.
Defendant’s affidavits also disclose that six buildings have been erected on the tract with the main body of the buildings less than twenty feet from the street line. I cannot be entirely certain that I have accurately located these buildings. The one nearest to complainant’s property I take to be that referred to in the one hundred and fifth subdivision of the affidavit of Mr. Ash-mead. That building is on Arctic avenue and one block from complainant’s property. Another is on Chelsea avenue at the
The covenant forbidding more than one building to be erected upon each lot for dwelling-house purposes, is, in my judgment, broken -by the erection of what is commonly known as a double house — that is, two houses under one roof. Such a structure is as much two buildings for dwelling-house purposes as though separate roofs existed. The two dwellings may pass to separate owners and the dividing wall become a party wall. Defendant’s affidavits disclose ten such buildings on the tract. Most of these arc on Atlantic avenue. One is on Chelsea avenue, not quite a block from complainant’s property, and another on Arctic avenue, nearly two blocks away. These, in my judgment, afford.no evidence of complainant’s' abandonment of the covenants.
The claim that complainant has violated the covenants now sought to be enforced is based upon the fact that his porch extends beyond the twenty feet restriction line. As already stated, I do not deem that a violation of the covenants in view of the fact that the covenants do not appear to have been regarded as applying to open porches.
I will advise a decree enjoining defendant from building the main body of his house nearer to either Arctic or Chelsea avenues than twenty feet, and from erecting what has been referred to as a double dwelling-house.