26 A.2d 467 | Conn. | 1942
The Waterbury Battery Company, hereinafter called the defendant, is engaged in the business of manufacturing batteries in Waterbury, and prior to a fire in February, 1941, manufactured primary batteries at its place of business on South Main Street and storage batteries at its other place of business on Mill Street. As a result of the fire at the former plant it became necessary to remove some of the operations in connection with the manufacture of primary batteries to the Mill Street plant. This required the erection of a partition to divide the single room there available, to prevent the damage by fumes and dirt to the materials used in making the primary batteries which would result if the storage batteries were manufactured in the same room. The defendant awarded the job of repairing the burned roof of the South Main Street plant to Walter J. Martin, who was owner of a roofing business and had in his employ George Bown, a roofer by trade. The defendant also engaged Martin to erect of light unsubstantial material known as cello-glass *46 the needed partition at its Mill Street plant extending the entire length of the fifty-foot room and from floor to ceiling, a height of twelve feet. On February 17, 1941, Bown as Martin's employee, while engaged in the erection of this partition, was working on a platform about six feet high when a plank gave way, precipitating him to the floor and causing injuries which resulted in his death on February 26, 1941. The plaintiff is his widow and sole dependent. The agreement between the defendant and Martin was that he was to do the work on the basis of the cost of labor and material furnished by him plus 10 per cent. In fact, most of the material was provided by the defendant. In addition to these facts, which are not disputed, the commissioner found that the erection of the partition to enable the defendant to continue the manufacture of both types of batteries without interruption "was an essential and necessary condition in the operation and continuance of its trade or business." He further found the defendant liable as Bown's employer under 5230 of the General Statutes and awarded compensation to the plaintiff for his death. Upon the defendant's appeal from this award the Superior Court reserved the case for the opinion of this court.
The question for determination is whether the defendant was liable as a principal employer within the meaning of 5230, which is printed below.1 To render *47
him liable under its provisions "(1) the relation of principal employer and contractor must exist in work wholly or in part for the former; (2) the work must be on or about premises controlled by the principal employer; and (3) the work must be a part or process in the trade or business of the principal employer. Crane v. Peach Brothers,
The plaintiff relies upon four decisions by this court as supporting her contention that the erection of the partition was a part or process in the trade or business of the defendant. Of these the two cases more closely analogous to the one before us, in so far as the nature of the work performed by the employee when injured is concerned, are Carlson v. Miller,
The other two cases relied upon by the plaintiff held the employee entitled to compensation under 5230, but are distinguishable from the instant case because of the different nature of the work which he was doing when injured. Thus in Hoard v. Sears Roebuck Co., Inc., supra, the plaintiff was hurt while engaged in clearing away rubbish from the yard in the rear of the defendant's store as called for by the contract of the plaintiff's immediate employer with the defendant; and in Fox v. Fafnir Bearing Co., supra, the plaintiff was injured while washing windows in the defendant's factory pursuant to the contract of his immediate employer with the defendant. In neither of these cases was the work which the plaintiff was doing a "process in the trade or business" of the defendant. It was rather work necessary to maintain the defendant's premises in suitable condition for conducting its trade or business, and in this sense "part" thereof within the statute. As we said in the Fox case at page 195: "Such work is customarily done by regular employees in the daily routine of their duties in the factory. It is clearly distinguishable from work done in connection with the repair or alteration of the factory buildings." See also Carlson v. Miller, supra, 370. Upon the facts before us none of the cases relied upon constitute authority establishing the plaintiff's right to compensation.
The case of Bogoratt v. Pratt Whitney Aircraft Co., supra, is, as the defendant claims, most nearly analogous to the one before us. In that case the plaintiff, a painter, whose employer had contracted with the defendant to paint its buildings then in the course of construction, was injured by shock from an electric power wire which he contacted in the course of his work. We held that the construction of the *50
buildings was not "a part or process in the trade or business" of the defendant and that therefore it was not liable to the plaintiff under 5230. The commissioner in his memorandum distinguished this case on the ground that in it the plaintiff's work was being done on a new building in which the defendant had not yet begun to carry on its business of manufacturing, while in the instant case before the erection of the partition began the defendant was already engaged in manufacturing batteries in the Mill Street plant. The finding shows, however, that the only batteries which the defendant had manufactured there were storage batteries and that it could not manufacture primary batteries in the same room with storage batteries. To provide the separate room essential to this operation the partition was being built. Its erection was in effect therefore just as much a new addition to the defendant's plant as would have been the construction of an extension of the building to provide the separate room needed. When completed it was to afford the required exclusive facilities for the manufacture of the two distinct types of batteries and would serve the same purpose which the two separate buildings used by the defendant had served before the fire. Since the manufacture of primary batteries had not begun and was not to begin until the partition was completed, the situation is analogous to that in the Bogoratt case and that decision is controlling authority that the plaintiff is not entitled to compensation. The language of the Louisiana court in dealing with a similar question where the employee was killed while engaged in the construction of a furnace in the defendant's oil refinery aptly summarizes our conclusion: "It is no part of the trade, business, or occupation of the manufacturing concern to erect its factory building. Its business is to operate after its erection . . . . If the principal *51
may contract with the independent contractor for original construction [without liability to his employees under the statute], we see no reason why he may not contract for additional necessary construction, or reconstruction . . . ." Horrell v. Gulf Valley Cotton Oil Co., Inc.,
The Superior Court is advised that judgment be entered sustaining the defendant's appeal from the commissioner, and recommitting the case for an award in favor of the defendant. No costs will be taxed in this court to either party.
In this opinion the other judges concurred.