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Bouri v. JacksonBouri v. Jackson

Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
Nov 27, 2019
2017-07680
Versions:177 A.D.3d 947
111 N.Y.S.3d 204
2019 NY Slip Op 8552
113 N.Y.S.3d 232
177 A.D.3d 946
2019 NY Slip Op 08552
2019 NY Slip Op 08551

Picciano & Scahill, P.C., Bethpage, NY (Andrea E. Ferrucci of counsel), for appellant.

Jaroslawicz & Jaros, PLLC, New York, NY (David Tolchin ‍‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‍of counsel), for respondent.

DECISION & ORDER

In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, the defendant appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Kathy J. King, J.), dated June 26, 2017. The order, insofar as appealed from, upon renewal, adhered to a prior determination in аn order of the same court dated July 20, 2016, granting that branch of the plaintiff’s motion which was pursuant to CPLR 3126 to strike the defendant’s answer.

ORDERED that the order dаted June 26, 2017, is affirmed insofar as appealed from, with costs.

On July 4, 2013, the plaintiff and the defendant were involved in a motor vehicle collision at the intersection of Emmons and Bedford Avenues in Brooklyn. On December 12, 2013, the plaintiff сommenced this action to recover damages for his alleged injuries. This action was joined for trial with anоther action arising out of the same accident.

The Supreme Court initially directed that depositions be completed by October 8, 2014. The defendant did not appear for a deposition by that date, and he evеntually failed to comply with multiple court orders directing him to appear for his deposition. In one of thоse orders, dated August 21, 2015, the court directed that depositions “will proceed as scheduled regardless of thе status or availability of any parties or attorneys from any other action arising out of the subject acсident.”

On March 22, 2016, the plaintiff ‍‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‍moved, inter alia, pursuant to CPLR 3126 to strike the defendant’s answer. In opposition, the defendant submitted his own affidavit, in which he stated: “I have not appeared for a deposition to date becаuse, as my attorneys have advised me, the plaintiffs in the related action . . . have yet to be deposed.”

On Mаrch 28, 2016, the defendant separately moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that the plaintiff did not sustain а serious injury within the meaning of Insurance Law § 5102(d) as a result of the subject accident. The plaintiff opposed that motion.

In an order dated June 8, 2016, the Supreme Court, inter alia, conditionally granted that branch of the plaintiff’s motion which was tо strike the defendant’s answer, stating: “Defendant to appear for deposition on July 8, 2016 or answer is stricken. This order is self executing.” The defendant did not appear for his deposition on July 8, 2016, and, in an order dated July 20, 2016, the court granted that branch of the plaintiff’s motion which was to strike the defendant’s answer. In an order dated August 3, 2016, the court denied, as academic, the defendant’s motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that the plaintiff did not sustain a serious injury within the meaning of Insurance Law § 5102(d) as a result of the accident (see Bouri v Jackson, ___ AD3d ___ [Appellate Division Docket ‍‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‍No. 2016-8325; decided herewith]).

On August 31, 2016, the defendant moved for leаve to renew his opposition to that branch of the plaintiff’s motion which was to strike his answer. In support, defense counsel submitted an affirmation in which he stated that he lost contact with the defendant following the issuance of the order dated June 8, 2016, conditionally striking the defendant’s answer, because the defendant had been arrеsted. According to the timeline in defense counsel’s affirmation, the defendant had already violated five court orders to appear for his deposition at the time of his arrest.

In an order dated June 26, 2017, the Supremе Court granted that branch of the motion which was for leave to renew, and, upon renewal, adhered to its оriginal determination. The court noted that the defendant lacked an adequate excuse for each violation of an order to appear for his deposition. The defendant appeals.

“[A] trial court is given broad discretion to oversee the discovery process” (Castillo v Henry Schein, Inc., 259 AD2d 651, 652). Although actions should be resolved on the merits wherever possible (see Cruzatti v St. Mary’s Hosp., 193 AD2d 579, 580), a court may strike the “pleadings or parts thereof” (CPLR 3126[3]) as a sanction against a party who “refuses to obey an order for disclosure or willfully ‍‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‍fails to disclose information which the court finds ought to have been disclosed” (CPLR 3126). While the nature and degree of the sanction to be imposed on a motion pursuant to CPLR 3126 is a matter of discretion with the court (see Soto v City of Long Beach, 197 AD2d 615, 616; Spira v Antoine, 191 AD2d 219), “the remedy of dismissal is only warranted where there has been a clear showing that the failure to comply with discovery demands was willful and contumacious” (see Rosenblatt v Franklin Hosp. Med. Ctr., 165 AD3d 862, 862 [internal quotation marks omitted]). Willful and contumacious conduct may be inferred from a party’s repeated failure to comply with court-ordered discovery, coupled with inadequate explanations fоr the failures, or a failure to comply with court-ordered discovery over an extended period of timе (see Maliah-Dupass v Dupass, 166 AD3d 873, 875; Gutman v Cabrera, 121 AD3d 1042, 1043).

Here, given the defendant’s repeated violations of court orders to appear for his deposition, the Supreme Court providently exercised its discretion, upon ‍‌​‌​​​‌‌​‌‌​‌‌‌‌​‌‌‌​‌​​​​‌​​‌​‌‌​​​​​​​​‌‌​‌‌‌​‍renewal, in adhering to its original detеrmination granting that branch of the plaintiff’s motion which was to strike the defendant’s answer (see Kryzhanovskaya v City of New York, 31 AD3d 717; Montgomery v City of New York, 296 AD2d 386, 386-87). Contrary to the defеndant’s contention, the fact that he had disappeared or made himself unavailable did not provide а basis for denying that branch of the plaintiffs’ motion which was to strike his answer for his failure to appear at a deposition and to comply with a court-ordered discovery request (see Maignan v Nahar, 37 AD3d 557, 557).

The defendant’s remaining contentions are without merit.

The contention raised at Point III of the plaintiff’s brief is not properly before this Court (cf. Parochial Bus Sys. v Board of Educ. of City of N.Y., 60 NY2d 539, 545-546).

RIVERA, J.P., AUSTIN, DUFFY and BRATHWAITE NELSON, JJ., concur.

ENTER:

Aprilanne Agostino

Clerk of the Court

Case Details

Case Name: Bouri v. Jackson
Court Name: Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
Date Published: Nov 27, 2019
Citations: 177 A.D.3d 947; 111 N.Y.S.3d 204; 2019 NY Slip Op 8552; 113 N.Y.S.3d 232; 177 A.D.3d 946; 2019 NY Slip Op 08552; 2019 NY Slip Op 08551; 2017-07680
Docket Number: 2017-07680
Court Abbreviation: N.Y. App. Div.
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