57 F.R.D. 528 | D. Mass. | 1973
COURT’S ACTION ON PLAINTIFF’S “SPECIFICATION OF ALLEGED ACTIONABLE PORTION OF REVIEW AND PARTICULARIZATION OF NATURE AND EXTENT OF DAMAGES” AND ON DEFENDANT’S RENEWED MOTION TO DISMISS THE COMPLAINT
Upon reconsideration of the defendant’s contention, advanced in support of its motion to dismiss the amended complaint,
For that reason, and another not presently pertinent, the Court, on October 18, 1972, instructed plaintiff to further particularize the special damages alleged in the amended complaint. Plaintiff attempted to do so, not by filing a second amended complaint, but by filing, on November 9, 1972, a document entitled “Specification of Alleged Actionable Portion of Review and Particularization of Nature and Extent of Damages.”
Although the Court does not share defendant’s [formalistic] view that the specification must fail because it is not incorporated in a second amended complaint, the Court does find merit in the defendant’s claim that the specification still does not sufficiently particularize items of special damage to state a cause of action for libel of product.
On the other hand, however, the Court is mindful of the liberality of the federal rules of pleading. See Fed.R. Civ.P. 8. All that is generally required is that “the defendant be put on notice as to the general nature of the claim.” However, “the facts and information must be sufficient to form the basis of reasonably fruitful discovery proceedings.” Testing Systems, Inc. v. Magnaflux Corp., 251 F.Supp. 286, 291 (E.D. Pa.1966). Furthermore, Rule 9(g) provides: “When items of special damage are claimed, they shall be specifically stated.”
In the document filed on November 9, 1972, plaintiff specifies that it suffered, inter alia, special damages of $2,851,200, representing lost profits from sales which, had it not been for the allegedly libelous publication, would have been realized. The basis of plaintiff’s computation is not set forth. Plaintiff neither alleges the “loss of particular customers by name,” nor “a general diminution in its business, and extrinsic facts showing that such special damages were the natural and direct result of the false publication.” Erick Bowman Remedy Co. v. Jensen Salsbery Laboratories, 17 F.2d 255, 261 (8 Cir. 1926). See also Fowler v. Curtis Publishing Co., 86 U. S.App.D.C. 349, 182 F.2d 377 (1950). Plaintiff makes no attempt to allege “facts showing an established business, the amount of sales for a substantial period preceding the publication, the amount of sales subsequent to the publication, facts showing that such loss in sales were [sic] the natural and probable result of such publication, and facts showing that plaintiff could not allege the names of particular customers who withdrew or withheld their custom.” Erick Bowman Remedy Co. v. Jensen Salsbery Laboratories, supra, 17 F.2d at 261.
While it may not be invariably necessary to identify in the complaint the customers who were lost as a result of the publication, see Continental Nut Co. v. Robert L. Berner Co., 345 F.2d 395 (7th Cir. 1965),
Accordingly, it is ordered that the amended complaint in this action be dis
. On October 18, 1972, the Court denied defendant’s motion to dismiss the amended complaint, but ordered plaintiff to specify those portions of defendant’s published review of plaintiff’s product alleged to be actionable and “to particularize, to the extent presently possible, the nature and extent of damages sustained by plaintiff” as a result of the publication.
. On November 17, 1972, after submission of plaintiff’s “specification of alleged ac-tionuble portion of review and particularization of nature and extent of damages,” counsel for plaintiff and defendant appeared before the Court for a conference requested by defendant. Defendant again challenged plaintiff’s specification of damages as insufficient to state a cause of action for libel of product. After hearing the arguments of counsel, the Court agreed to pass upon the sufficiency of plaintiff’s latest attempt to particularize special damages.