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Bollinger v. Bollinger Motors, Inc.
1:25-mc-00061
| W.D. Mich. | May 20, 2025
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Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.1 Filed 05/20/25 Page 1of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.424 Filed 05/07/25 Page 1 of 17 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MICHIG ~_——s FILED - GR May 20, 2025 12:24 PM CLERK OF COURT U.S. DISTRICT COURT WESTE ROBERT BOLLINGER, Bin) SCARE BEI | Se Plaintiff, Case No. 2:25-CV-10790 Hon. Terrence Berg Vv Mag. Judge Anthony P. Patti BOLLINGER MOTORS, INC., 1:25-mc-61 Ray Kent U.S. Magistrate Judge Defendant. ORDER APPOINTING RECEIVER THIS MATTER having come before the Court upon Plaintiff Robert Bollinger’s Emergency Motion to Appoint Receiver, brought pursuant to Rule 66 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, for the assets, business, and operations of Defendant Bollinger Motors, Inc. (“Bollinger Motors”) in the above-captioned action; the Court finding that, based on the record in these proceedings, good cause exists for the appointment of a receiver pursuant to the terms of the Note between the parties and applicable federal law that the appointment of a receiver in this action is necessary and appropriate for the purposes of marshaling and preserving all the assets of Bollinger Motors, (the “Receivership Assets”); the Court Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.2 Filed 05/20/25 Page 2 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.425 Filed 05/07/25 Page 2 of 17 finding that it has subject matter jurisdiction over this action and personal jurisdiction over Bollinger Motors, and venue properly lies in this district; the Court being otherwise duly advised in the premises: IT IS ORDERED as follows: 1. The Court takes exclusive jurisdiction and possession of the Receivership Assets of whatever kind and wherever situated, of or under the control of Bollinger Motors. 2. Until further Order of this Court, Gene Kohut is hereby appointed to serve without bond as receiver (the “Receiver”) for the estate of Bollinger Motors. The Receiver is appointed for the purpose of managing, protecting, preserving, operating, and selling some or all of the Receivership Assets for the benefit and protection of Robert Bollinger, Bollinger Motors, and Bollinger Motors’ other creditors and stakeholders, and the Receiver is hereby granted and vested the powers identified in this Order or subsequent Orders of this Court including all powers reasonably incidental thereto. The Receiver’s responsibilities include oversight of all aspects of the management, assets, and operation of Bollinger Motors’ business, as well as the decision on whether to sell Bollinger Motors as a going concern, or to sell any or all of the Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.3 Filed 05/20/25 Page 3 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.426 Filed 05/07/25 Page 3 of 17 Receivership Assets and the Receiver shall fulfill his obligations in good faith and in accordance with applicable law. For the avoidance of doubt, this receivership is over Bollinger Motors as a business entity, the Receivership Assets, and any assets in which Bollinger Motors has an interest. Asset Freeze 3. | Except as otherwise specified herein, all Receivership Assets are frozen until further order of this Court. Accordingly, all persons and entities with direct or indirect control over any Receivership Assets, other than the Receiver, are hereby restrained and enjoined from directly or indirectly transferring, setting off, receiving, changing, selling, pledging, assigning, liquidating, or otherwise disposing of or withdrawing such assets. This freeze shall include, but not be limited to, Receivership Assets that are on deposit with financial institutions such as banks, brokerage firms, and mutual funds. General Powers and Duties of Receiver 4, The Receiver shall have all powers, authorities, rights, and privileges heretofore possessed by the officers, directors, managers, and stockholders of Bollinger Motors under applicable state and federal law, Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.4 Filed 05/20/25 Page 4 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.427 Filed 05/07/25 Page 4 of 17 by the bylaws, articles, and/or agreements in addition to all powers and authority of a receiver at equity, and all powers conferred upon a receiver by the provisions of Rule 66 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and applicable federal statute. 5. The powers of any directors, officers, managers, employees, investment advisors, accountants, attorneys, shareholders and other agents of Bollinger Motors are hereby suspended. Such persons and entities shall have no authority with respect to Bollinger Motors’ operations or assets, except to the extent as may hereafter be expressly granted by the Receiver. The Receiver shall assume exclusive control of the operation of Bollinger Motors and shall pursue and preserve all of its claims. 6. No person holding or claiming any position of any sort with Bollinger Motors shall possess any authority to act by or on behalf of Bollinger Motors, except to the extent as may hereafter be expressly granted by the Receiver. 7. Subject to the specific provisions of this Order, the Receiver shall have the following general powers and duties: A. To use reasonable efforts to determine the nature, location, and value of all property interests of Bollinger Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.5 Filed 05/20/25 Page 5of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.428 Filed 05/07/25 Page 5 of 17 Motors, including, but not limited to, monies, funds, securities, credits, effects, goods, chattels, lands, premises, leases, claims, rights and other assets, together with all rents, profits, dividends, interest or other income attributable thereto, of whatever kind, which Bollinger Motors owns, possesses, has a beneficial interest in, or controls directly or indirectly; B. To take custody, control, and possession of all Receivership Assets and records relevant thereto from Bollinger Motors; to sue for and collect, recover, receive, and take into possession from third parties all Receivership Assets and records relevant thereto; C. To manage, control, operate, and maintain the Receivership Assets, including the right to operate its business subject to a budget to be agreed upon by the Receiver and Robert Bollinger (the “Budget”) and shared with counsel for Defendant, and hold in his possession, custody, and control all Receivership Assets pending further Order of this Court; D. To use Receivership Assets for the purpose of making payments and disbursements and incurring expenses as may be necessary or advisable in the ordinary course of business in discharging his duties as Receiver; E. Totake any action which, prior to the entry of this Order, could have been taken by the stockholders, officers, directors, partners, managers, trustees, and agents of Bollinger Motors; F. Toengage and employ persons in his discretion to assist him in carrying out his duties and responsibilities hereunder, including, but not limited to, accountants, attorneys, financial or business advisers, liquidating agents, real estate agents, forensic experts, brokers, traders, or auctioneers; Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.6 Filed 05/20/25 Page 6 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.429 Filed 05/07/25 Page 6 of 17 G. Totake such action as necessary and appropriate for the preservation of the Receivership Assets or to prevent the dissipation or concealment of the Receivership Assets; H. To issue subpoenas for documents and testimony consistent with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure; I. To bring such legal actions based on law or equity in any state, federal, or foreign court as the Receiver deems necessary or appropriate in discharging his duties as Receiver; J. To pursue, resist, and defend all suits, actions, claims, and demands which may now be pending or which may be brought by or asserted against Bollinger Motors; K. To transfer, compromise, sell, or otherwise dispose of any Receivership Asset, in the ordinary course of business, on terms and in the manner the Receiver deems most beneficial to Bollinger Motors, with due regard to the realization of the true and proper value of such Receivership Asset and consistent with governing law; L. To borrow funds secured by the Receivership Assets, subject to the consent of any secured creditor with a lien on the assets being pledged; M. Tosell all or substantially all of the Receivership Assets, including via credit bid, subject to approval by the Court; N. To take such other action as may be approved by this Court. Access to Information Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.7 Filed 05/20/25 Page 7 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.430 Filed 05/07/25 Page 7 of 17 8. Bollinger Motors and its past or present officers, directors, agents, managers, stockholders, trustees, attorneys, accountants, and employees, as well as those acting in their place, are ordered and directed to preserve and turn over to the Receiver immediately all paper and electronic information of, and/or relating to, Bollinger Motors and/or all Receivership Assets; such information shall include but not be limited to books, records, documents, accounts, and all other instruments and papers. 9. Bollinger Motors and its past or present officers, directors, agents, managers, stockholders, trustees, attorneys, accountants, and employees, as well as those acting in their place, and all other appropriate persons or entities shall answer to the Receiver all questions reasonably related to the receivership or Receivership Assets which the Receiver may put to them and produce all documents as required by the Receiver regarding the business of Bollinger Motors, or any other matter relevant to the operation or administration of the receivership or the collection of funds due to Bollinger Motors. In the event that the Receiver deems it necessary to require the appearance of the aforementioned persons or entities, the Receiver shall make its discovery requests, which Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.8 Filed 05/20/25 Page 8 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.431 Filed 05/07/25 Page 8 of 17 shall be answered under oath in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Access to Books. Records. and Accounts 10. The Receiver is authorized to take immediate possession of all assets, bank accounts, or other financial accounts, books, and records, and all other documents or instruments relating to Bollinger Motors. All persons and entities having control, custody, or possession of any Receivership Assets are hereby directed to turn such property over to the Receiver. 11. Bollinger Motors, as well as its agents, servants, officers, directors, employees, attorneys, any persons acting on its behalf, and any persons receiving notice of this Order by personal service, electronic mail, or otherwise, having possession of the property, business, books, records, accounts, or assets of Bollinger Motors are hereby directed to deliver the same to the Receiver, his agents and/or employees. 12. All banks, brokerage firms, financial institutions, and other persons or entities which have possession, custody, or control of any assets or funds held by, in the name of, or for the benefit of, directly or Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.9 Filed 05/20/25 Page 9 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.432 Filed 05/07/25 Page 9 of 17 indirectly, and of Bollinger Motors that receive actual notice of this Order by personal service, email transmission, or otherwise shall: A. Not liquidate, transfer, sell, convey, or otherwise transfer any assets, securities, funds, or accounts in the name of or for the benefit of Bollinger Motors except upon instructions or prior written approval from the Receiver; Not exercise any form of set-off, alleged set-off, lien, or any form of self-help whatsoever, or refuse to transfer any funds or assets to the Receiver’s control without the permission of this Court; Within five (5) business days of receipt of this Order, file with the Court and serve on the Receiver a certified statement setting forth, with respect to each such account or other asset, the balance in the account or description of the assets as of the close of business on the date of receipt of this Order; and Cooperate expeditiously and in good faith in providing information and transferring funds, assets, and accounts to the Receiver or at the direction of the Receiver. Access to Real and Personal Property 13. The Receiver is authorized to take immediate possession of all personal property of Bollinger Motors, wherever located, including but not limited to electronically stored information, computers, laptops, hard drives, external storage drives, and any other such memory, media, or electronic storage devices, books, papers, data processing records, Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.10 Filed 05/20/25 Page 10 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.433 Filed 05/07/25 Page 10 of 17 evidence of indebtedness, bank records and accounts, savings records and accounts, brokerage records and accounts, certificates of deposit, stocks, bonds, debentures, and other securities and investments, contracts, mortgages, furniture, office supplies, and equipment. 14. The Receiver is authorized to take immediate possession of all real property of Bollinger Motors, wherever located, including but not limited to all ownership and leasehold interests and fixtures. Upon receiving actual notice of this Order by personal service, e-mail transmission, or otherwise, all persons other than law enforcement officials acting within the scope of their official duties are (without the express written permission of the Receiver) prohibited from: (a) entering such premises; (b) removing anything from such premises; or (Cc) destroying, concealing, or erasing anything on such premises. 15. In order to execute the express and implied terms of this Order, the Receiver is authorized to change door locks to any premises leased or used by Bollinger Motors in connection with its business. The Receiver shall have exclusive control of the keys. Bollinger Motors, or any person acting or purporting to act on its behalf, are ordered not to change the locks in any manner, nor to have duplicate keys made, nor shall they 10 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECF No.1, PagelD.11 Filed 05/20/25 Page 11 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.434 Filed 05/07/25 Page 11 of 17 have keys in their possession during the term of the receivership, except to the extent as may hereafter be expressly granted by the Receiver. 16. The Receiver is authorized to open all mail directed to or received by or at the offices or post office boxes of Bollinger Motors, and to inspect all mail opened prior to the entry of this Order, to determine whether items or information therein fall within the mandates of this Order. Notice to Third Parties 17. The Receiver shall promptly give notice of his appointment to all known officers, directors, agents, employees, stockholders, creditors, debtors, and managers of Bollinger Motors, as the Receiver deems necessary or advisable to effectuate the operation of the receivership. 18. All persons and entities owning any obligation, debt, or distribution with respect Bollinger Motors shall, until further ordered by this Court, pay all such obligations in accordance with the terms thereof to the Receiver and its receipt for such payments shall have the same force and effect as if Bollinger Motors had received such payment. 19. In furtherance of his responsibilities in this matter, the Receiver is authorized to communicate with, and/or serve this Order 1] Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.12 Filed 05/20/25 Page 12 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.435 Filed 05/07/25 Page 12 of 17 upon, any person, entity, or government office that he deems appropriate to inform them of the status of this matter and/or the financial condition of Bollinger Motors in order to effectuate the terms of this Order. 20. The Receiver is authorized to instruct the United States Postmaster to hold and/or reroute mail which is related, directly or indirectly, to the business, operations, or activities of Bollinger Motors. Stay of Actions 21. Except by leave of the Court, during pendency of the receivership ordered herein, all other persons and entities aside from the Receiver are hereby stayed from taking any action to establish or enforce any claim, right, or interest against Bollinger Motors or against the Receivership Assets, including, but not limited to, the following actions: A. Commencing, prosecuting, continuing, entering, or enforcing any suit or proceeding; B. Accelerating the due date of any obligation or claimed Bollinger Motors obligations (or any of them); filing or enforcing any lien; taking or attempting to take possession, custody or control of any Receivership Asset and/or attempting to foreclose, forfeit, alter or terminate any interest in any Receivership Asset, whether such acts are part of a judicial proceeding or are acts of self- help otherwise; C. Executing, issuing, serving, or causing the execution, issuance or service of, any legal process against 12 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.13 Filed 05/20/25 Page 13 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.436 Filed 05/07/25 Page 13 of 17 Bollinger Motors, including, but not limited to, attachments, garnishments, subpoenas, writs of replevin, writs of execution, or any other form of process whether specified in this Stipulated Order or not; and Doing any act or thing whatsoever to interfere with the Receiver taking custody, control, possession, or management of any Receivership Asset or document, or to harass or interfere with the Receiver in any way, or to interfere in any manner with the _ exclusive jurisdiction of the Court over the Receivership. Injunction Against Interference with Receiver 22. Bollinger Motors and all persons receiving notice of this Order by personal service, electronic mail or otherwise, are hereby restrained and enjoined from directly or indirectly taking any action or causing any action to be taken, without the express written agreement of the Receiver, which would: A. Interfere with the Receiver’s efforts to take control, possession, or management of any of the Receivership Assets; such prohibited actions include but are not limited to, using self-help or executing or issuing or causing the execution or issuance of any court attachment, subpoena, replevin, execution, or other process for the purpose of impounding or taking possession of or interfering with or creating or enforcing a lien upon any Receivership Assets; Hinder, obstruct, or otherwise interfere with the Receiver in the performance of his duties; such prohibited actions include but are not limited to, 13 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.14 Filed 05/20/25 Page 14 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.437 Filed 05/07/25 Page 14 of 17 concealing, destroying, or altering records. or information; C. Dissipate or otherwise diminish the value of any of the Receivership Assets; such prohibited actions include but are not limited to, releasing claims or disposing, transferring, exchanging, assigning, or in any way conveying any Receivership Assets, enforcing judgments, assessments or claims against the Receivership assets, attempting to modify, cancel, terminate, call, extinguish, revoke, or accelerate the due date, of any lease, loan, mortgage, indebtedness, security agreement, or other agreement executed by Bollinger Motors or which affects any Receivership Assets; or D. Interfere with or harass the Receiver, or interfere in any manner with the exclusive jurisdiction of this Court over Bollinger Motors. 23. Bollinger Motors shall cooperate with and assist the Receiver in the performance of his duties. The Receiver shall promptly notify the Court of any failure or apparent failure of any person or entity to comply in any way with the terms of this Order. 24. The Receiver and his agents, acting within the scope of such agency, are entitled to rely on all outstanding rules of law and Orders of this Court and shall not be liable to anyone for their own good faith compliance with any order, rule, law, judgment, or decree. In no event shall the Receiver nor his agents be liable to anyone for their good faith compliance with their duties and responsibilities. 14 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.15 Filed 05/20/25 Page 15 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.438 Filed 05/07/25 Page 15 of 17 25. This Court shall retain jurisdiction over any action filed against the Receiver or his agents based upon acts or omissions committed in their representative capacities. Recommendations and Reports 26. The Receiver is authorized, empowered, and directed to develop a plan for the fair, reasonable, and efficient recovery and liquidation of all remaining, recovered, and recoverable Receivership Assets. Within thirty (80) days of the entry date of this Order, the Receiver shall file a status report with the Court which shall include a summary of receivership activities to date and a proposed plan for administering the receivership going forward, including a proposed deadline by which the Receiver will submit a liquidation plan. Fees, Expenses, and Accountings 27. The Receiver need not obtain Court approval prior to the disbursement of funds for expenses in the ordinary course of the administration and operation of the receivership. Further, Court approval is not required for payments of applicable federal, state, or local taxes. 15 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.16 Filed 05/20/25 Page 16 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.439 Filed 05/07/25 Page 16 of 17 28. The Receiver is authorized to solicit persons and entities to assist him in carrying out the duties and responsibilities described in this Order. The Receiver shall not engage any such persons or entities without first obtaining an Order of the Court authorizing such engagement. 29. The Receiver is entitled to reasonable compensation and expense reimbursement from the Receivership Assets. Such compensation shall require the prior approval of the Court, such approval of which shall be sought within twenty (20) days after the end of each calendar month. The Receiver’s reasonable and necessary fees and expenses, including Receiver’s attorneys’, accountants’, and other professionals’ fees, shall be paid out of the Receivership Assets, or if the Defendants’ Assets are not sufficient to pay such amounts, then Plaintiff shall pay them, subject to the Budget, conditioned upon Robert Bollinger’s right in the event of any dispute to request the Court's determination of the amount to be paid. 16 Case 1:25-mc-00061-RSK ECFNo.1, PagelD.17 Filed 05/20/25 Page 17 of 18 Case 2:25-cv-10790-TGB-APP ECF No. 29, PagelD.440 Filed 05/07/25 Page 17 of 17 30. At the close of the Receivership, the Receiver shall submit a final accounting, as well as the Receiver’s final application for compensation and expense reimbursement. SO ORDERED. Dated: May 7, 2025 s/Terrence G. Berg TERRENCE G. BERG UNITED STATES DISTRICT JUDGE Agreed as to form: WINTHROP & WEINSTINE, P.A. HOWARD & HOWARD ATTORNEYS, PLLC By:s/H. William Burdett, Jr. By:s/Miles T. Macik H. 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Case Details

Case Name: Bollinger v. Bollinger Motors, Inc.
Court Name: District Court, W.D. Michigan
Date Published: May 20, 2025
Docket Number: 1:25-mc-00061
Court Abbreviation: W.D. Mich.
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